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The Rotor-Stator Interaction Onboard A Low Specific Speed Francis Turbine.
Einar Agnalt,Bjørn Winther Solemslie,Pal-Tore Selbo Storli,Ole Gunnar Dahlhaug 한국유체기계학회 2020 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.13 No.2
Over the last years, several breakdowns in hydropower plants with low specific speed Francis runners have been reported. One of the main excitation forces in such runners is the pressure fluctuations originating from the rotor stator interaction. In this paper, the rotor-stator interaction has been analyzed utilizing pressure sensors onboard the runner. The pressure sensors were flush mounted in the hub of the runner and the signals were transmitted through a slip-ring system. The measurements have been analyzed relative to the runner angular position by utilizing an angular position sensor mounted to the shaft end. Measurements with different guide vane angle have been compared in order to study the potential flow interaction and the viscous wake effects for the pressure inside the runner. The results from the onboard pressure measurements found that the phase of the guide vane passing pressure seen by the onboard pressure sensors was independent of the guide vane opening. Hence, the potential flow interaction was found to be the dominant effect and no evidence from the viscous wake effect was found on the onboard pressure.
Lessons learned from international underground projects during 25 years
Einar Broch 한국암반공학회 2006 한국암반공학회 학술대회 및 세미나 자료집 Vol.- No.-
The paper starts by describing the development of the hydropower industry in Norway with emphasis on the underground aspects, in particular the unlined high pressure tunnels and shafts and the air cushion surge chambers. From other parts of the world the author describes selected tunneling problems in friable sandstones and basaltic lavas. Support of large powerhouse caverns is discussed, and it is shown that the use of tensioned cable anchors may have a negative influence on the stability in arched cavern roofs. Finally the potential for applying the experience from the unlined air cushion surge chambers in the design of underground gas caverns is discussed.
On the use of tuned mass dampers to suppress vortex shedding induced vibrations
Strommen, Einar,Hjorth-Hansen, Erik Techno-Press 2001 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.4 No.1
This paper concerns computational response predictions when a tuned mass damper is intended to be used for the suppression of vortex shedding induced vibrations of e.g., a bridge deck. A general frequency domain theory is presented and its application is exemplified on a suspension bridge (where vortex shedding vibrations have been observed and where such an installation is a possible solution). Relevant load data are taken from previous wind tunnel tests. In particular, the displacement response statistics of the tuned mass damper as well as the bridge deck are obtained from time domain simulations, showing that after the installation of a TMD peak factors between three and four should be expected.
Host rock controls to thermal water chemistry induced from the global comparison
Hirofumi Muraoka,Einar Gunnlaugsson,Yoonho Song,John Lund,Christopher J. Bromley,Ladislaus Rybach 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.2
Under a framework of the Geothermal Implementing Agreement (GIA) of the International Energy Agency (IEA), chemistry of thermal water is compared among Iceland, Japan, South Korea and the USA. The pH value of thermal water in Iceland shows 9 or 10, that is evidently higher than those of other silicic crust countries. It is ascribed to the host rock controls that hydrothermal water only attacks anorthite in basalt. The boron and chloride components of thermal water in Iceland are significantly lower than those in Japan and the USA. Their variation ranges show that the boron component in Iceland is 1 magnitude lower than other two countries and the chloride component is 0.5 magnitudes lower. It is also explained by the host rock controls that the basaltic crust in Iceland is 1 magnitude lower in boron and 0.5 magnitudes lower in chloride than the silicic crust in Japan and the USA.
Peter Foged Larsen,Einar Eg Nielsen,Michael Møller Hansen,Tobias Wang,Kristian Meier,Cino Pertoldi,Volker Loeschcke 한국유전학회 2013 Genes & Genomics Vol.35 No.4
Recent genetic analyses of candidate genes and gene expression in marine fishes have provided evidence of local adaptation in response to environmental differences,despite the lack of strong signals of population structure from conventional neutral genetic markers. In this study expression of the haemoglobin alpha and beta subunit genes was studied in reciprocally transplanted European flounder Platichthys flesus from the highly saline North Sea and the brackish Baltic Sea. Clear differences in expression patterns of haemoglobin alpha and beta subunit genes were found among different types of tissue in flounder. In gill tissue a plastic response to salinity treatments was observed with general up-regulation of these genes concomitant with higher salinity. For liver tissue a population specific expression differences was observed with lower expression at simulated non-native compared to native salinities. Finally, for kidney tissue a stress response was observed in one population, with gene up-regulation when North Sea flounders were transplanted to low salinity. This study underlines the importance of tissue specific gene expression and the significance of gene expression for evolution of local adaptation in high gene flow marine fishes.
Conformation as a Therapeutic Target in the Prionoses and other Neurodegenerative Conditions
Wisniewski, Thomas,Sigurdsson, Einar M.,Aucouturier, Pierre,Frangione, B. 한림대학교 환경·생명과학연구소 2000 [일송 국제심포지엄] 노화와 만성퇴행성 신경질환 Vol.- No.3
Abnormal protein conformation is increasingly being recognized as part of the pathogenesis of numerous neurodegenerative conditions. The common theme in all these diseases is the conversion of a normal cellular and/or circulation protein into an insoluble, aggregated, β-sheet rich form which is deposited in the brain. The aggregated proteins can accumulate extracellularly, often in the form of amyloid, or intracellularly producing inclusion bodies. These deposits are toxic and produce neuronal dysfunction and death. A unique category of the conformational conditions are prion related diseases (or prionoses), where the etiology is thought to be related to conversion of the normal prion protein, PrP^c, into an infectious and pathogenic form, PrP^Sc. However, the most common of these disorders is Alzheimer's disease (AD) where the central event is thought to be the conversion of normal soluble amyloid (sAβ) into fibrillar Aβ in the form of neuritic plaques and congophilic angiopathy. Our growing understanding of the mechanisms involved in this category of disease, raises the pathologic protein conformations. Possible approaches include synthetic β-sheet breaker peptides, which our preliminary data suggest may be useful for both AD and the prionoses, as well as immunological approaches where an antibody and/or cell mediated response is triggered against the aggregation abnormal protein.
Conformation as a Therapeutic Target in the Prionoses and other Neurodegenerative Conditions
Wisniewski, Thomas,Sigurdsson, Einar M.,Aucouturier, Pierre,Frangione, B. 한림대학교 환경·생명과학연구소 2000 국제학술회의 Vol.2000 No.-
Abnormal protein conformation is increasingly being recognized as part of the pathogenesis of numerous neurodegenerative conditions. The common theme in all these diseases is the conversion of a normal cellular and/or circulating protein into an insoluble, aggregated, β-sheet rich form which is deposited in the brain. The aggregated proteins can accumulate extracellularly, often in the form of amyloid, or intracellularly producing inclusion bodies. These deposits are toxic and produce neuronal dysfunction and death. A unique category of the conformational conditions are prion related diseases(or prionoses), where the etiology is thought to be related to conversion of the normal prion protein, PrP□ ,into an infectious and pathogenic form, PrP□. However, the most common of these disorders is Alzheimer's disease(AD) where the central events is thought to be the conversion of normal soluble amyloid(sAβ) into fibrillar Aβin the form of neuritic plaques and congophilic angiopathy. Our growing understanding of the mechanisms involved in this category of disease, raises the possibility of therapeutic approaches based directly on the prevention and reversal of pathologic protein conformations. Possible approaches include synthetic β-sheet breaker peptides, which our preliminary data suggest may be useful for both AD and the prionoses, as well as immunological approaches where an antibody and/or cell mediated response is triggered against the aggregating abnormal protein.