Path-connected Group Extensions

EDLER, LAURIE A.,SCHNEIDER, VICTOR P. 대한수학회 2006 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.46 No.3

Let N be a normal subgroup of a path-connected topological group (G, t). In this paper, the authors consider the existence of path-connectedness in refined topologies in order to address the property of maximal path-connectedness in topological groups. In particular, refinements on t and refinements on the quotient topology on G/N are studied. The preservation of path-connectedness in extending topologies and translation topologies is also considered.

Oral Disease-Modifying Therapies for Multiple Sclerosis

김우준,Manuella Edler Zandoná,김수현,김호진 대한신경과학회 2015 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.11 No.1

Classical multiple sclerosis (MS) treatments using first-line injectable drugs, although widelyapplied, remain a major concern in terms of therapeutic adherence and efficacy. New oral drugsrecently approved for MS treatment represent significant advances in therapy. The oral route ofadministration clearly promotes patient satisfaction and increases therapeutic compliance. However, these drugs may also have safety and tolerability issues, and a thorough analysis ofthe risks and benefits is required. Three oral drugs have been approved by regulatory agenciesfor MS treatment: fingolimod, teriflunomide, and dimethyl fumarate. This article reviews themechanisms of action, safety, and efficacy of these drugs and two other drugs that have yieldedpositive results in phase III trials: cladribine and laquinimod.

The Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation for Organizational Learning Effect on Innovation Performance of Technology-intensive SMEs

Ribin Seo,Jakob Edler,Silvia Massini 한국경영학회 2016 한국경영학회 통합학술발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.8

For small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), organizational learning for knowledge acquisition and exploitation is the important managerial discipline to expand the firms" knowledge base contributing to their competitive advantage and performance enhancement. Despite considerable evidence on the performance effect of organizational learning, there has been less attention to addressing the key question, how and why the effect is occurred within firms. For the question, this study adopting theory of entrepreneurial orientation investigates the relationships among organizational learning, entrepreneurial orientation, innovation performance in sample of 218 Korean high-tech SMEs. We found that firms putting more weight on organizational learning tend to intensify their entrepreneurial orientation. This indicates confirming the relationship between organizational learning and entrepreneurial orientation is not unilateral but mutually reciprocal for the productive expansion and utilization of the firms’ resource base whereas previous research has argued that entrepreneurial orientation determines the levels of organizational learning. More importantly, entrepreneurial orientation mediates completely the relationship between organizational learning and Innovation performance. This highlights that technology-intensive SMEs placing value on organizational learning should consider the role of entrepreneurial orientation to take advantage of and benefit from learning practices for performance achievement and competitiveness enhancement. Further contribution and implication are discussed.

A systematic investigation of the thermoelectric stability of Pt–Rh thermocouples between 1300 °C and 1500 °C

Pearce, J V,Edler, F,Elliott, C J,Greenen, A,Harris, P M,Izquierdo, C Garcia,Kim, Y-G,Martin, M J,Smith, I M,Tucker, D,Veltcheva, R I BUREAU INTERNATIONAL DES POIDS ET MESURES 2018 METROLOGIA -BERLIN- Vol.55 No.4

<P>By using a simple model to relate the electromotive force drift rate of Pt–Rh thermoelements to d<I>S</I>/d<I>c</I>, i.e. the sensitivity of the Seebeck coefficient, <I>S</I>, to rhodium mass fraction, <I>c</I>, the composition of the optimal pair of Pt–Rh wires that minimizes thermoelectric drift can be determined. The model has been applied to four multi-wire thermocouples each comprising 5 or 7 Pt–Rh wires of different composition. Two thermocouples were exposed to a temperature of around 1324 °C, one thermocouple to around 1492 °C, i.e. the melting points of the Co–C and Pd–C high temperature fixed points, respectively, and one thermocouple to a series of temperatures between 1315 °C and 1450 °C. The duration of exposure at each temperature was several thousand hours. By performing repeated calibrations <I>in situ</I> with the appropriate fixed point during the high temperature exposure, the drift performance has been quantified with high accuracy, entirely free from errors associated with thermoelectric homogeneity. By combining these results it is concluded that the Pt-40%Rh versus Pt-6%Rh is the most stable at the temperatures investigated. A preliminary reference function was determined and is presented.</P>

The onset location of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder predicts the location of subsequent relapses

Zandoná,, Manuella Edler,Kim, Su-Hyun,Hyun, Jae-Won,Park, Boram,Joo, Jungnam,Kim, Ho Jin SAGE Publications 2014 Multiple sclerosis journal: clinical and laborator Vol.20 No.14

<P>We evaluated whether the location of the initial attack predicted the locations of subsequent events in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). In the retrospective analysis from 164 patients with NMOSD, increased odds of a second attack occurring in the initial event location were seen in all locations (odds ratio [OR] brain: 16.00; brainstem: 4.42; optic nerve: 4.08; and spinal cord: 4.59), as was a positive linear trend when evaluating the number of previous events in the same location as the third event location (OR brain: 62.52; brainstem: 44.55; optic nerve: 6.48; and spinal cord: 2.98). This study suggests early clinical events of NMOSD tend to recur in the same anatomical location within the central nervous system (CNS).</P>

Exploitation of the Dose/Time-Response Relationship for a New Measure of DNA Repari in the Single-Cell Gel Electrophoresis (Comet) Assay

Kim, Byung-Soo,Edler, Lutz,Park, Jin-Joo,Fournier, Dietrich Von,Haase, Wulf,Sautter-Bihl, Mare-Luise,Hagmuller, Egbert,Gotzes, Florian,Thielmann, Heinz Walter Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2004 Toxicological Research Vol.20 No.2

The comet assay (also called the single-cell gel electrophoresis assay) has been widely used for detecting DNA damage and repair in individual cells. Since the conventional methods of evaluating comet assay data using frequency statistics are unsatisfactory we developed a new quantitative measure of DNA damage/repair that is based on all information residing in the dose/time-response curves of a comet experiment. Blood samples were taken from 25 breast cancer patients before undergoing radiotherapy. The comet assay was performed under alkaline conditions using isolated lymphocytes. Tail DNA, tail length, tail moment and tail inertia of the comet were measured for each patient at four doses of $\gamma$-rays (0, 2, 4 and 8 Gy) and at four time points after irradiation (0, 10, 20 and 30 min) using 100 cells each. The resulting three-dimensional dose-time response surface was modeled by multiple regression, and the second derivative, termed 2D, on dose and time was determined. A software module was programmed in SAS/AF to compute 2D values. We applied the new method successfully to data obtained from cancer patients to be assessed for their radiation sensitivity. We computed the 2D values for the four damage measures, i.e., tail moment, tail length, tail DNA and tail inertia, and examined the pairwise correlation coefficients of 2D both on the log scale and the unlogged scale. 2D values based on tail moment and tail DNA showed a high correlation and, therefore, these two damage measures can be used interchangeably as far as DNA repair is concerned. 2D values based on tail inertia have a correlation profile different from the other 2D values which may reflect different facets of DNA damage/repair. Using the dose-time response surface, other statistical models, e.g., the proportional hazards model, become applicable for data analysis. The 2D approach can be applied to all DNA repair measures, Le., tail moment, tail length, tail DNA and tail inertia, and appears to be superior to conventional evaluation methods as it integrates all data of the dose/time-response curves of a comet assay.

Exploitation of the Dose/Time-Response Relationship for a New Measure of DNA Repair in the Single-Cell Gel Electrophoresis (Comet) Assay

Byung-Soo Kim,Lutz Edler,Jin Joo Park,Dietrich von Fournier,Wulf Haase,Marie-Luise Sautter-Bihl,Egbert Hagmuller,Florian Gotzes,Heinz Walter Thielmann 한국독성학회 2004 Toxicological Research Vol.20 No.1

The comet assay (also called the single-cell gel electrophoresis assay) has been widely used for detecting DNA damage and repair in individual cells. Since the conventional methods of evaluating comet assay data using frequency statistics are unsatisfactory we developed a new quantitative measure of DNA damage/repair that is based on all information residing in the dose/time-response curves of a comet experiment. Blood samples were taken from 25 breast cancer patients before undergoing radiotherapy. The comet assay was performed under alkaline conditions using isolated lymphocytes. Tail DNA, tail length, tail moment and tail inertia of the comet were measured for each patient at four doses of g-rays (0, 2, 4 and 8 Gy) and at four time points after irradiation (0, 10, 20 and 30 min) using 100 cells each. The resulting three-dimensional dose-time response surface was modeled by multiple regression, and the second derivative, termed 2D, on dose and time was determined. A software module was programmed in SAS/AF to compute 2D values. We applied the new method successfully to data obtained from cancer patients to be assessed for their radiation sensitivity. We computed the 2D values for the four damage measures, i.e., tail<br/> moment, tail length, tail DNA and tail inertia, and examined the pairwise correlation coefficients of 2D both on the log scale and the unlogged scale. 2D values based on tail moment and tail DNA<br/> showed a high correlation and, therefore, these two damage measures can be used interchangeably as far as DNA repair is concerned. 2D values based on tail inertia have a correlation profile different from the other 2D values which may reflect different facets of DNA damage/repair. Using the dose-time response surface, other statistical models, e.g., the proportional hazards model, become applicable for data analysis. The 2D approach can be applied to all DNA repair measures, i.e., tail moment, tail length, tail DNA and tail inertia, and appears to be superior to conventional evaluation methods as it integrates all data of the dose/time-response curves of a comet assay.

Exploitation of the Dose/Time-Response Relationship for a New Measure of DNA Repair in the Single-Cell Gel Electrophoresis (Comet) Assayof DNA Repair in the Single-Cell Gel Electrophoresis (Comet) Assay

Byung-Soo Kim,Lutz Edler,Jin Joo Park,Dietrich von Fournier,Wulf Haase,Marie-Luise Sautter-Bihl,Egbert Hagmuller,Florian Gotzes,Heinz Walter Thielmann 한국독성학회 2004 Toxicological Research Vol.20 No.2

The comet assay (also called the single-cell gel electrophoresis assay) has been widely used for detecting DNA damage and repair in individual cells. Since the conventional methods of evaluating comet assay data using frequency statistics are unsatisfactory we developed a new quantitative measure of DNA damage/repair that is based on all information residing in the dose/time-response curves of a comet experiment. Blood samples were taken from 25 breast cancer patients before undergoing radiotherapy. The comet assay was performed under alkaline conditions using isolated lymphocytes. Tail DNA, tail length, tail moment and tail inertia of the comet were measured for each patient at four doses of g-rays (0, 2, 4 and 8 Gy) and at four time points after irradiation (0, 10, 20 and 30 min) using 100 cells each. The resulting three-dimensional dose-time response surface was modeled by multiple regression, and the second derivative, termed 2D, on dose and time was determined. A software module was programmed in SAS/AF to compute 2D values.<br/> We applied the new method successfully to data obtained from cancer patients to be assessed for their radiation sensitivity. We computed the 2D values for the four damage measures, i.e., tail<br/> moment, tail length, tail DNA and tail inertia, and examined the pairwise correlation coefficients of 2D both on the log scale and the unlogged scale. 2D values based on tail moment and tail DNA<br/> showed a high correlation and, therefore, these two damage measures can be used interchangeably as far as DNA repair is concerned. 2D values based on tail inertia have a correlation profile different from the other 2D values which may reflect different facets of DNA damage/repair. Using the dose-time response surface, other statistical models, e.g., the proportional hazards model, become applicable for data analysis. The 2D approach can be applied to all DNA repair measures, i.e., tail moment, tail length, tail DNA and tail inertia, and appears to be superior to conventional evaluation methods as it integrates all data of the dose/time-response curves of a comet assay.

FXYD-3 expression in relation to local recurrence of rectal cancer

Loftas, Per,Arbman, Gunnar,Sun, Xiao-Feng,Edler, David,Syk, Erik,Hallbook, Olof The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2016 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.34 No.1

Purpose: In a previous study, the transmembrane protein FXYD-3 was suggested as a biomarker for a lower survival rate and reduced radiosensitivity in rectal cancer patients receiving preoperative radiotherapy. The purpose of preoperative irradiation in rectal cancer is to reduce local recurrence. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of FXYD-3 as a biomarker for increased risk for local recurrence of rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: FXYD-3 expression was immunohistochemically examined in surgical specimens from a cohort of patients with rectal cancer who developed local recurrence (n = 48). The cohort was compared to a matched control group without recurrence (n = 81). Results: Weak FXYD-3 expression was found in 106/129 (82%) of the rectal tumors and strong expression in 23/129 (18%). There was no difference in the expression of FXYD-3 between the patients with local recurrence and the control group. Furthermore there was no difference in FXYD-3 expression and time to diagnosis of local recurrence between patients who received preoperative radiotherapy and those without. Conclusion: Previous findings indicated that FXYD-3 expression may be used as a marker of decreased sensitivity to radiotherapy or even overall survival. We were unable to confirm this in a cohort of rectal cancer patients who developed local recurrence.

FXYD-3 expression in relation to local recurrence of rectal cancer

Per Loftas,Gunnar Arbman,Xiao-Feng Sun,David Edler,Erik Syk,Olof Hallbook 대한방사선종양학회 2016 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.34 No.1

Purpose: In a previous study, the transmembrane protein FXYD-3 was suggested as a biomarker for a lower survival rate and reduced radiosensitivity in rectal cancer patients receiving preoperative radiotherapy. The purpose of preoperative irradiation in rectal cancer is to reduce local recurrence. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of FXYD-3 as a biomarker for increased risk for local recurrence of rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: FXYD-3 expression was immunohistochemically examined in surgical specimens from a cohort of patients with rectal cancer who developed local recurrence (n = 48). The cohort was compared to a matched control group without recurrence (n = 81). Results: Weak FXYD-3 expression was found in 106/129 (82%) of the rectal tumors and strong expression in 23/129 (18%). There was no difference in the expression of FXYD-3 between the patients with local recurrence and the control group. Furthermore there was no difference in FXYD-3 expression and time to diagnosis of local recurrence between patients who received preoperative radiotherapy and those without. Conclusion: Previous findings indicated that FXYD-3 expression may be used as a marker of decreased sensitivity to radiotherapy or even overall survival. We were unable to confirm this in a cohort of rectal cancer patients who developed local recurrence.