SSRs Mining of Brassica Species in Mitochondrial Genomes:Bioinformatic Approaches

Ertugrul Filiz 한국원예학회 2013 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.54 No.6

Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are ubiquitous in eukaryotic genomes and SSRs have been used extensively in plant genetic studies. Five Brassica species (B. carinata, B. juncea, B. napus, B.oleracea, and B. rapa subsp. campestris) were analyzed to understand distribution and occurrence of mitochondrial SSRs (mtSSRs) in genic and intergenic regions. A total of 1295 mtSSRs were detected with an average density of 1.03 mtSSR per kb and about 18% of mtSSRs were determined in genic region. The A/T in mononucleotides, AG/CT in dinucleotides, AAG/CCT in trinucleotides, AATG/ATTC in tetranucleotides, and ACTAG/AGTCT in pentanucleotides were predominant mtSSR motifs, while there were not any hexanucleotides in all Brassica species. The most frequent repeat types were found as trinucleotides (8.6%) followed by mononucleotides (7.2%) and tetranucleotides (1.7%), while no pentanucleotides and hexanucleotides SSRs were present, in genic regions. The most abundant genic mtSSRs were observed in B. napus (21.7%), while the least genic mtSSRs were found in B. oleracea (12.9%). Based on putative amino acid triplets in coding regions, valine amino acid (15.4%) was predominant, followed by asparagine (14.4%), and glutamine (13.5%). Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are ubiquitous in eukaryotic genomes and SSRs have been used extensively in plant genetic studies. Five Brassica species (B. carinata, B. juncea, B. napus, B.oleracea, and B. rapa subsp. campestris) were analyzed to understand distribution and occurrence of mitochondrial SSRs (mtSSRs) in genic and intergenic regions. A total of 1295 mtSSRs were detected with an average density of 1.03 mtSSR per kb and about 18% of mtSSRs were determined in genic region. The A/T in mononucleotides, AG/CT in dinucleotides, AAG/CCT in trinucleotides, AATG/ATTC in tetranucleotides, and ACTAG/AGTCT in pentanucleotides were predominant mtSSR motifs, while there were not any hexanucleotides in all Brassica species. The most frequent repeat types were found as trinucleotides (8.6%) followed by mononucleotides (7.2%) and tetranucleotides (1.7%), while no pentanucleotides and hexanucleotides SSRs were present, in genic regions. The most abundant genic mtSSRs were observed in B. napus (21.7%), while the least genic mtSSRs were found in B. oleracea (12.9%). Based on putative amino acid triplets in coding regions, valine amino acid (15.4%) was predominant, followed by asparagine (14.4%), and glutamine (13.5%).

Effect of Hippophae rhamnoides Extract on Oxidative Oropharyngeal Mucosal Damage Induced in Rats Using Methotrexate

Ertugrul Erhan,Suat Terzi,Metin Celiker,Oguzhan Yarali,Murat Cankaya,Ferda Keskin Cimen,Ismail Malkoc,Bahadir Suleyman 대한이비인후과학회 2017 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.10 No.2

Objectives. The objective of this study is to investigate and evaluate the effect of Hippophae rhamnoides extract (HRE) on oropharyngeal mucositis induced in rats with methotrexate (MTX) through biochemical, gene expression, and histopathological examinations. Methods. Experimental animals were divided into a healthy group (HG), a HRE+MTX (HREM) group, HRE group (HREG), and a control group that received MTX (MTXG). The HREM and HREG groups of rats was administered 50 mg/kg HRE, while the MTXG and HG groups were given an equal volume distilled water with gavage. Then, the HREM and MTXG rat groups were given oral MTX at a dose of 5 mg/kg 1 hour after HRE and distilled water was administered. This procedure was repeated for 1 month. At the end of this period, all of the animals were sacrificed with a high dose of anesthesia. Then, the amounts of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total glutathione (tGSH) were determined in the removed oropharyngeal tissues. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) gene expressions were measured, and all the tissues were studied histopathologically. Results. The amount of MDA was significantly increased in the MTXG group compared to the HREM, HREG, and HG groups (P<0.001). MTX significantly decreased the amount of tGSH in the MTXG group compared to the HREM, HREG, and HG groups (P<0.001). In this study, there were no visible ulcers in the animal group in which the levels of MDA, IL-1β, and TNF-α were high and the level of tGSH was low. However, histopathologic examination revealed mucin pools in wide areas due to ruptured oropharynx glands, and proliferated, dilated, and congested blood vessels and dilated ductal structures in some areas. Conclusion. HRE protected oropharyngeal oxidative damage induced by MTX. As an inexpensive and natural product, HRE has important advantages in the prevention of oropharyngeal damage induced by MTX.

Letter to the Editor: The Bacterial Etiology of Otitis Media and Specimen Collection

Ertugrul Guclu,Oguz Karabay 대한의학회 2017 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.32 No.9

Experimental Investigation of Porous Bearings Under Different Lubricant and Lubricating Conditions

Ertugrul DURAK 대한기계학회 2003 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.17 No.9

The performance of porous bearing under different lubricants and lubricating conditions was experimentally investigated in this study. In order to carry out the experiments, a new test rig was designed to determine the tribological properties of based sintered bronze journal bearings that were manufactured by powder metallurgy (P/M) techniques. To determine the effects of lubricating conditions with and without oil supplement (as) on the tribological characteristics of these bearings under static loading and periodic loadings, some experiments were carried out using different lubricants. In the tests, pure base oil (SAE 2OW50), two fully formulated commercial engine oils (SAE2OW50) and lubricating oils with commercial additive concentra­tion ratio of 3% were used. The worn surfaces of test bearings were examined using optical microscopy. Experimental results showed that the change in friction coetlicient was more stable and in smaller magnitude under static loading than that of periodic loading. In addition, the friction coefficient and the wear rate conducted with base oil resulted in higher values than those of fully formulated oils with and without as lubricating conditions. The experimental results obtained in this study indicated that the correct selection of lubricant and suitable running conditions were very important on the tribological characteristics of porous bearings.

The Renewable Energy Cooperatives in Turkey

Ertugrul Guresci 대한환경공학회 2021 대한환경공학회지 Vol.43 No.9

Objectives : The world is getting more polluted day by day and living conditions are getting harder and harder. The Covid 19 process explains this situation even better. Global warming will show its effect more heavily if measures are not taken. There is a close relationship between global warming and the type and method of energy used. The use of fossil fuels by people pollutes the environment too much, and the use of alternative energy sources is gaining importance instead. Here, the issue of use and management of renewable energy sources comes to the fore. Turkey is a country with rich renewable energy resources and experience in cooperatives. In this study, it is aimed to reveal the current situation and problems of renewable energy cooperatives, which can be a model for managing Turkey’s renewable energy resources. Methods : In the study, a literature review method was used by examining domestic and foreign resources related to renewable energy and renewable energy cooperatives. Some of the data obtained were arranged in tables and used in the study. Results and Discussion : It is very important for Turkey to develop renewable energy resources and increase the share of renewable energy resources among other resources. Because Turkey is a developing country and its population is increasing day by day. It is essential to use renewable energy for the energy need of the increasing population and the least environmental pollution. Within the scope of 2023 targets in Turkey, it is planned to produce 34 thousand MW of hydroelectric, 20 thousand MW of wind energy, solar energy, 5 thousand MW, 1,000 MW of geothermal energy and 1,000 MW of geothermal energy and biomass energy. In order to achieve this goal, it is planned to invest approximately 60 billion dollars in renewable energy sources. Cooperatives are one of the most effective ways in which Turkey can use its renewable energy resources. Because cooperative is a method known to the Turkish society and it would be beneficial to transfer it to the renewable energy field. Conclusion : Turkey is a developing country and its energy needs are increasing day by day. It is very important to use the renewable energy resources it has correctly and in a planned way. In this respect, it should be understood that renewable energy cooperatives are quite compatible with Turkey. Turkey should provide the necessary legal and administrative structure for the development of renewable energy cooperatives and develop it with financial support in order to make its increasing energy needs sustainable.

1554 년 세이디 알리 레이스의 포르투갈 함대와의 전투

( Ertugrul Onalp ) 한국중동학회 2010 韓國 中東 學會 論叢 Vol.30 No.2

오스만제국은 홍해에서의 안보를 확보하기 위해서 포르투갈과 전투를 전개할 의도로 1525 년에 스웨즈 지역에 해양 기지를 세웠다. 이 해양기지의 사령관으로 1547 년 피리 레이스(Piri Reis)가 임명되었다. 피리레이스는 술탄 술레이만의 명령을 받아서 호르무즈 지역을 점령하기 위해 스웨즈에서 함대를 지휘해 바스라 지역으로 향했다. 피리 레이스는 바스라지역에서 1 만 오천 명의 군병과 다수의 함정의 지원을 받아서 호르무즈지역을 점령해야 했었다. 그러나 피리 레이스는 바스라에 접근하기 전에 지원병의 도움을 받지 않고 호르무즈 성을 포위했다. 호르무즈 성에 진을 치고 있던 포르투갈 주둔군은 피리 레이스 함대의 포위와 공격을 막아낼 수 있었다. 피리 레이스는 호르무즈 성을 점령할 가능성이 없음을 파악하고 포위 공격을 포기하고 바스라 지역으로 후퇴했다. 그 뒤에 스웨즈로 귀환하기 위해 3 척의 함대로 바스라를 출발했다. 그러나 피리 레이스는 이집트로 귀환했을 때 술탄의 명을 성공적으로 실현하지 못했으므로 체포돼 교수형에 처해 졌다. 술탄 술레이만은 바스라에 정박해 있던 21 척의 함선가운데 7 척을 할당해서 대 사파위 조 전투에 활용하도록 했으며, 나머지 함선을 스웨즈로 이동하도록 명을 내렸다. 이 임무를 받은 무라트베이(Murat Bey)는 바스라 만에서 포르투갈 함대와 벌어진 전투에서 별다른 성과를 거두지 못하고 바스라도 돌아갔다. 무라트 베이가 실패하자 세이디 알리 레이스가 술탄의 명을 이행하도록 지명되었다. 그러나 세이디알리 레이스도 포르투갈과의 전투에서 6 척의 함선을 잃었으며 그 밖의 함선을 규자랏(Gucarat) 항만에 정박시키게 되었다. 이 글에서는 세이디알리 레이스(Seydi Ali Reis) 측과 포르투갈 함대 간에 있었던 전투의 특징과 과정을 분석하였다.

Interactive Teaching and Self-Study Tools for Power Electronics

Ertugrul, Nesimi The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2002 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.2 No.4

This paper presents the principal features of the software modules developed to provide an interactive teaching/learning environment in Power Electronics that can be used by educators and students. The software modules utilize an object oriented programming LabVIEW that provides a highly flexible graphical user interface. The paper highlights the principal features the software components and illustrates a number of highly interactive graphical user interfaces of selected Power Electronics circuits and systems.

Interactive Teaching and Self-Study Tools for Power Electronics

Nesimi Ertugrul 전력전자학회 2002 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.2 No.4

This paper presents the principal features of the software modules developed to provide an interactive teaching/learning environment in Power Electronics that can be used by educators and students. The software modules utilize an object oriented programming Lab VIEW that provides a highly flexible graphical user interface. The paper highlights the principal features the software components and illustrates a number of highly interactive graphical user interfaces of selected Power Electronics circuits and systems

Experimental Investigation of Porous Bearings Under Different Lubricant and Lubricating Conditions

Durak, Ertugrul The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers 2003 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.17 No.9

The performance of porous bearing under different lubricants and lubricating conditions was experimentally investigated in this study. In order to carry out the experiments, a new test rig was designed to determine the tribological properties of based sintered bronze journal bearings that were manufactured by powder metallurgy (P/M) techniques. To determine the effects of lubricating conditions with and without oil supplement (OS) on the tribological characteristics of these bearings under static loading and periodic loadings, some experiments were carried out using different lubricants. In the tests, pure base oil (SAE 20W50), two fully formulated commercial engine oils (SAE20W50) and lubricating oils with commercial additive concentration ratio of 3% were used. The worn surfaces of test bearings were examined using optical microscopy. Experimental results showed that the change in friction coefficient was more stable and in smaller magnitude under static loading than that of periodic loading. In addition, the friction coefficient and the wear rate conducted with base oil resulted in higher values than those of fully formulated oils with and without OS lubricating conditions. The experimental results obtained in this study indicated that the correct selection of lubricant and suitable running conditions were very important on the tribological characteristics of porous bearings.

Reliability of Corroded Steel Members Subjected to Elastic Lateral Torsional Buckling

Uzun Ertugrul Turker,Engin Aktaş 한국강구조학회 2021 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.21 No.4

Structural steel members are subjected to corrosion due to environmental condition. As a result, there is decreasing in the cross-section properties of the member. This causes diff erent stability problems and reduction in the load carrying capacity of members. Then, the probability of failure, P f increases due to corrosion. The need arises to determine expected level of safety for such members and systems. Besides, reliability of the steel structure is also eff ected by the structural stability problems that result decreasing in the resistance. Lateral torsional buckling is one of the most encountered problems in steel members and aff ected by the critical moment which is a function of lateral and torsional stiff ness. Critical moment depends on the material properties, boundary conditions, unbraced length, load pattern, and the member’s cross section. Under the corrosion, it is inevitable to observe changing in some of properties. In this study, a damage model to determine the reliability of a corroded I-shape steel member under linear moment gradient is developed considering corrosion exposure time. Uniform and varying thickness loss models are considered to show the corrosion eff ect. Infl uence of environmental condition on the load carrying capacity of the members is considered and their eff ects on member design is evaluated. As a result, it is concluded that load carrying capacity of steel members degrades and safety of them adversely eff ected. With presented formulas, it is ensured that the load carrying capacity and reliability indices of the steel members can be calculated practically under the examined situations