Detection of small for gestational age in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes by Hadlock versus the Fetal Medicine Foundation growth charts

Jose Duncan,Karla Leavitt,Kristin Duncan,Gustavo Vilchez 대한산부인과학회 2021 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.64 No.3

ObjectiveThe primary outcome was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of neonatal small for gestational age (SGA) by theHadlock and Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) charts in our cohort, followed by the ability to predict composite severeneonatal outcomes (SNO) in pregnancies with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM). MethodsThis study was a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of pregnancies with PPROM from 2015 to 2018, from23 to 36 completed weeks of gestation. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for theprimary and secondary outcomes of the Hadlock and FMF fetal charts were calculated. The discriminatory ability ofeach chart was compared using the area under the receiver’s operating curves of clinical characteristics. ResultsOf the 106 women who met the inclusion criteria, 48 (45%) were screened positive using the FMF fetal growth chartand 22 (21%) were screened positive using the Hadlock chart. SGA was diagnosed in 12 infants (11%). Both fetalgrowth charts had comparable diagnostic accuracies and were statistically significant predictors of SGA (Hadlock: areaunder the receiver operating characteristic curves [AUC], 0.76, risk ratio [RR], 7.6, 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.5-23;and FMF: AUC, 0.76 RR, 13.3 95%CI 1.8-99.3). Both growth standards were poor predictors of SNO. ConclusionThe Hadlock and FMF fetal growth charts have a similar accuracy to predict SGA in pregnancies complicated byPPROM. The FMF fetal growth chart may result in a 2-fold increase in positive screens, potentially increasing fetalsurveillance.

From Poverty to Power

던컨 글린(Duncan Green) 한국빈곤문제연구소 2014 빈곤없는세상 연구보고서 Vol.2014 No.-

던컨 글린은 2008년 같은 제목으로 이 책을 출간하였다(우리말로 번역됨). 빈민들은 조직화를 통하여 권력을 확보하고, 활발한 시민들과 적극적 정부의 역할이라는 3두 체제의 구축이 빈곤감축방안이라고 설득력 있게 설명한다. 이자료는 2012년 개정판으로 그 내용이 중요하여 참고용 연구보고서로 등재한다. Duncan Green, author of From Poverty to Power and the high-quality blog by the same name, was for many years senior strategic advisor to Oxfam UK. Oxfam is one of the most prestigious NGOs fighting poverty on a global scale and stands out by its particular focus on enhancing and expanding the power of the poor. Although Green makes it clear that he is not writing as the official voice of Oxfam, this focus on power can naturally be found is his book. Many different aspects of the fight against poverty are addressed, but there is continual emphasis on the idea that poverty is much more than low income: it is a sense of powerlessness, exhaustion, and exclusion from decision-making. Green rejects the idea that poor people should be passive recipients of charity. Rather, priority is given to helping poor people build up their power. From this perspective, the author sees effective states and active citizens (citizens exercising their full range of political, civil, and social rights) as playing a crucial role in bringing about genuine human development. Many examples are provided of local communities who – sometimes with Oxfam’s help – have managed to escape poverty through fighting for their rights. But the role of private companies (called “the third pillar” in the book) is not neglected. A healthy private sector is deemed essential in the fight against poverty, and Green admits that harnessing the dynamism of the private sector can trigger extraordinary development. His stance towards businesses is to challenge them in a respectful and cooperative but firm way, which is pretty much Oxfam’s position as well (for example, the organization performed an analysis of Unilever’s poverty footprint in Indonesia and launched a stimulating “Behind the Brands” campaign)

Fatigue Induced by Repeated Out-of-Plane Deflection of Welded Plates

Duncan Paterson,Ben T. Yen,John W. Fisher 한국강구조학회 2005 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.5 No.3

strength, corosion resistance, fracture toughness, and weldability of HPS. Under certain conditions, however, HPS bridgegirder designs are controlled by design limits that are not influenced by steel strength and the use of HPS may not beeconomical. To overcome some of these design limits, I-shaped girders with tubular flanges have been proposed. This paperfocuses on concrete-filled tubular flange girders (CFTFGs). Design criteria for these girders are proposed and an initial designresults using the FE models are used to develop design flexural strength criteria for construction and service conditions. Anexperimental study showing advantages of CFTFGs and their ability to cary factored design loads under construction andservice conditions are presented.

Wreck/Conciliation? The Politics of Truth Commissions in Thailand

Duncan McCargo,Naruemon Thabchumpon 동아시아연구원 2014 Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.14 No.3

More than ninety people died in political violence linked to the March–May 2010 “redshirt” protests in Bangkok. The work of the government-appointed Truth for Reconciliation Commission of Thailand (TRCT) illustrates the potential shortcomings of seeing quasi-judicial commissions as a catch-all solution for societies struggling to deal with the truth about their recent pasts. The 2012 TRCT report was widely criticized for blaming too much of the violence on the actions of rogue elements of the demonstrators and failing to focus tightly on the obvious legal transgressions of the security forces. By failing strongly to criticize the role of the military in most of the fatal shootings, the TRCT arguably helped pave the way for the 2014 coup. Truth commissions that are unable to produce convincing explanations of the facts they examine may actually prove counterproductive. Following Quinn and Wilson, we argue in this article that weak truth commissions are prone to politicization and are likely to produce disappointing outcomes, which may even be counterproductive.

Every Day Interactions with your Phone

Duncan P. Brumby 한국HCI학회 2014 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.12

Things Fall Apart? Thailand’s Post-Colonial Politics

Duncan McCargo 부산외국어대학교 아세안연구원 2017 Suvannabhumi Vol.9 No.1

This paper argues that Thailand’s internal colonial model is facing severe challenges: no longer is it so possible to suppress local and regional identities, or to submerge ethnic difference in an all-embracing but potentially suffocating blanket of “Thainess.” In recent decades, Thailand’s diverse localities have become increasingly assertive. This is most acutely the case in the insurgency-affected southern border provinces of Pattani, Yala, and Narathiwat, but also applies in the “red’ (pro-Thaksin) dominated North and Northeast. As the old ruling elite faces serious legitimacy challenges, Thailand’s emerging post-colonial politics may require a radical rethinking of the relationship between center and periphery.

Biodiesel flames as a unique pyrolyzing carbon source for the synthesis of hydrophobic carbon films

Duncan Merchan‑Breuer,Ethan Murphy,Benjamin Berka,Elena Echeverria,David N. McIlroy,Wilson Merchan‑Merchan 한국탄소학회 2021 Carbon Letters Vol.31 No.3

We report the rapid single-step flame synthesis of hydrophobic carbon layers (C-layers) on the surface of stainless-steel (SS) substrates using vaporized biodiesel as the fuel. A co-flow canola methyl ester/air diffusion flame is used to generate a hydrophobic monolayer on the surface of the metal substrate upon its insertion into the reaction zone. Carbon deposition on the surface of the SS substrates varies by changing the SS disk’s position in the post-flame, and by varying its exposure time. The thickness and mass of the flame-formed monolayer varied depending on the substrate’s insertion point into the flame. However, the variation of mass did not significantly impact the C-layer’s uniformity or hydrophobicity. We hypothesize that a small “inner-cone” of the biodiesel flame along with a high soot propensity can result in an ideal medium to form uniform hydrophobic C-layers of unique hierarchical surface structure. This is supported by introducing SS substrates in methane/air flames formed using the same co-flow burner. The hydrophobic property of the carbon deposits was quantified by measuring the contact angle of water droplets placed on the film’s surface. A water droplet drop test was conducted on the flame-formed hydrophobic layers to study their wettability property.

Effects of Low Grade Axial Loading on Discogenic Low Back Pain: A Case Report

Duncan Chang,Arantxa Boby,James Madonna 국제물리치료연구학회 2018 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.9 No.4

Low back pain (LBP) is the most common reason for seeking physical therapy (PT) care. Recent studies suggest that axial loading can have a positive impact on the intervertebral disc by improving its tensile strength. Further, whole body vibration (WBV) appears to improve spinal muscle relaxation. Therefore, this case study describes the use of axial loading using a minitrampoline in a female with chronic LBP. This case report is a single subject design. This patient is a 29-year-old female with a six-month history of low back pain following a motor vehicle accident. MRI found herniated discs at L4 and L5, clinical tests were positive for pain in the L4 and L5 dermatome and myotome the slump test was positive for neural tension, and LBP was constant at 4-6/10 over the past four months. She received axial loading exercises using a mini-trampoline and performed six sessions that were, scheduled twice a week for three weeks. Her Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score improved from 40% at the time of her first visit to 22% at her final visit. Pain measure on the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) after the first treatment was 7/10, and her pain after the final treatment was 0/10. These changes in the pain scores are clinically significant and exceed the minimal clinically important difference (MCID). This patient had a significant improvement in her pain using the NPRS and the ODI. This case study suggests that axial loading may be an effective treatment for some individuals with discogenic chronic low back pain.

공정성, 유연성 및 지불가능성

Duncan Brown 한국노동연구원 2017 국제노동브리프 Vol.15 No.12

How Change Happens: Access to Medications in Thailand

Duncan Green 연세대학교 빈곤문제국제개발연구원 2011 Journal of Poverty Alleviation and International D Vol.2 No.2

Many actors in the development world are paying increasing attention to the so-called ‘theories of change’. Whether in programming or advocacy, this approach seeks to analyze various power relations and possibilities urrounding any given change process, as well as the assumptions employed by this analysis. This paper applies Oxfam’s thinking on change to a particular influence-wielding exercise – the long-running campaign to improve access to medications in Thailand.