解放前后美國對韓國的政策及其影向

李敦球 광운대학교 인문사회과학연구소 2001 인문사회과학논문집 Vol.30 No.-

제2차 세계대전 후반기와 전후 초기 사람들은 흔히 터키, 이란 위기와 미소 냉전간의 관계에 주의를 돌렸지만 사실상 그 당시 동북아 한반도문제에 있어서 미국과 소련의 대립과 냉전구도는 이미 확실한 모습을 보이고 있었다. 제2차 세계대전 말기에 미국은 한국의 전후 독립문제에 대해 일관적으로 애매모호한 태도를 취했는데 ‘카이로 선언’을 만들 때에도 한국 자유독립의 실현 기한을 명백히 선언문에 삽입하지 않고 다만 ‘적당한 시기(In due course)’라는 애매모호한 용어를 사용했다. 지금에 와서 볼 때 이는 절대 당시 미국이 일시적으로 소홀했던 일이 아니었다. 한민족의 독립운동에 대한 미국정부의 평가 역시 소극적이고 저조한 자세에 머물러 있었다. 소련군이 한반도에 진격하던 무렵 미군은 수 천리 밖 먼 곳에 위치하고 있었는데 소련이 한반도를 완전히 점령하는 것을 막기 위해 급히 38선이라는 것을 만들어 내었다. 이로서 미국의 목적은 만천하에 드러난 것이었다. 제 2차 세계대전이 종결됨에 따라 그 동안 우방관계에 있었던 미소 두 초강대국은 이미 세력범위를 쟁탈하기 시작했고 서로 견제와 대립을 해 가면서 중소국과 피압박 민족의 이익을 무시하는 대국 정치를 추진했다. 미소간의 냉전은 유럽에서 진행되고 있었을 뿐만 아니라 동북아의 한반도에서도 진행되고 있었던 것이다. 미군이 한반도 남부에 진주할 당시 북부지역은 이미 소련군의 점령하에서 소련이 기대하는 방향으로 순조롭게 발전하고 있었다. 또한 한반도 남부지역에서는 미군이 진주하기 이틀 전에 이미 좌익세력이 인민공화국을 성립하여 기정 사실화함으로써 미군의 이런 상황에서 미군은 극단적인 정책을 통해 친일파 세력을 기용하여 군정부를 조직함으로써 좌익세력이 정부권력 중심을 접근하는 것을 가로 막았다. 미국은 이 정책을 통해 한반도 남부의 공산세력의 발전을 억제했으며 한반도 남부가 소련의 세력권에 편입되는 것을 막으려고 기대했다. 그러나 미군은 한국과 한국인들에 대한 이해가 부족했다. 친일파 분자들을 중용한 것은 한국인들의 민족감정을 크게 자극하여 군정부에 대한지지 하락을 초래했다. 국민들은 친일파 세력들이 정권을 장악하는 것에 반감을 가졌고 정권 밖으로 배척받고 있는 좌익세력을 동정했다. 이러한 국민정서는 한반도 남부의 좌익세력이 급속하게 발전할 수 있었던 사회적인 기초로 작용했다. 비록 최종적으로 우익정치세력이 정권을 잡기는 했지만 미국 군정부의 극단적인 정책은 남북간의 차이를 더욱 확대시켰고 미소간의 갈등을 심화시켰으며 냉전의 발전을 가속화하고 한반도의 장기분열을 초래했다. 朝鮮半島地處海陸邊綠地帶, 歷來是大陸勢力與海洋勢力的必爭之地, 在冷戰時期又成了美國謁制和對抗蘇聯的橋頭堡. 如果說"以戰後期至戰後初期的土耳其海峽危機和伊朗危機是美蘇冷戰的啓始". 那마, 在這一時期, 美蘇在朝鮮半島劃定"三八線", 實行分區占領之時, 就是사們在遠東冷戰的序曲. 本文通過分析日本投降前後美國提出劃分"三八線"和在朝鮮半島南部實施的겁政策, 來進一步認識美蘇在遠東的冷戰及其所帶來的嚴重后果.

臺灣刑法上 法官의 枉法行爲

蔡墩銘 동아대학교 법학연구소 1996 東亞法學 Vol.- No.21

Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus ORF80 Encodes a Late, Nonstructural Protein

( Dun Wang ),( Chuan Xi Zhang ) 생화학분자생물학회 2007 BMB Reports Vol.40 No.1

Trends and Regional Variations in the Cost of Illness

( Dun-sol Go ) 한국보건사회연구원 2023 Research in Brief Vol.2023 No.8

Over-expression of FaGalLDH Increases Ascorbic Acid Concentrations and Enhances Salt Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana

Dun Wanwan,Wei Xuan,Wang Lu,Liu Jingjing,Zhao Jing,Sun Peipei,Fang Congbing,Xie Xingbin 한국식물학회 2023 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.66 No.1

The strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa) is an economically important perennial crop plant, and its fruits are rich in vitamin C (l-ascorbic acid [AsA]) and other nutrients. l-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (GalLDH) is a key enzyme in the terminal step of AsA biosynthesis pathway in plants. Here, the GalLDH gene (FaGalLDH) was cloned from ‘Benihoppe’ strawberries. AsA content increased during fruit development and peaked at the red-ripening stage, and AsA concentrations in diferent tissues were correlated with enzyme activity and transcription level of FaGalLDH. Transient over-expression of FaGalLDH in strawberry fruit increased its overall expression and AsA production signifcantly, whereas transient RNAi of FaGalLDH decreased its expression and AsA content. Furthermore, the optimum pH and temperature for FaGalLDH activity were 8.0 and 25 °C, respectively. Ectopic expression of the FaGalLDH gene in Arabidopsis resulted in higher AsA content and enzyme activity in transgenic lines than in wild-type plants. FaGalLDH over-expression resulted in enhanced tolerance to salt stress due to reduced accumulation of malondialdehyde, H2O2, and O2 .−, as well as higher survival rates, root length, proline content, and superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activities. These results provide useful information regarding AsA biosynthesis and salt tolerance, which may help to improve strawberry fruit quality and productivity.

Regulatory effects of saponins from Panax japonicus on colonic epithelial tight junctions in aging rats

Dun, Yaoyan,Liu, Min,Chen, Jing,Peng, Danli,Zhao, Haixia,Zhou, Zhiyong,Wang, Ting,Liu, Chaoqi,Guo, Yuhui,Zhang, Changcheng,Yuan, Ding The Korean Society of Ginseng 2018 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.42 No.1

Background: Saponins from Panax japonicus (SPJ) are the most abundant and main active components of P. japonicus, which replaces ginseng roots in treatment for many kinds of diseases in the minority ethnic group in China. Our previous studies have demonstrated that SPJ has the effects of anti-inflammation through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$) signaling pathways. The present study was designed to investigate whether SPJ can modulate intestinal tight junction barrier in aging rats and further to explore the potential mechanism. Methods: Aging rats had been treated with different doses (10 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, and 60 mg/kg) of SPJ for 6 mo since they were 18 mo old. After the rats were euthanized, the colonic samples were harvested. Levels of tight junctions (claudin-1 and occludin) were determined by immunohistochemical staining. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-$1{\beta}$ and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$) were examined by Western blot. NF-${\kappa}B$ and phosphorylation of MAPK signaling pathways were also determined by Western blot. Results: We found that SPJ increased the expression of the tight junction proteins claudin-1 and occludin in the colon of aging rats. Treatment with SPJ decreased the levels of interleukin-$1{\beta}$ and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, reduced the phosphorylation of three MAPK isoforms, and inhibited the expression of NF-${\kappa}B$ in the colon of aging rats. Conclusion: The studies demonstrated that SPJ modulates the damage of intestinal epithelial tight junction in aging rats, inhibits inflammation, and downregulates the phosphorylation of the MAPK and $NF-{\kappa}B$ signaling pathways.

Multi-Tenant Data Storage Model and Performance Evaluation

Dun Li,Zhenfei Wang,Zhiyun Zheng,Jin Zhao 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.9 No.3

Multi-tenant data storage model has multiple solutions and comparing the different storage solutions can help users improve their work efficiency. This paper proposes a query performance evaluation method based on the relational algebra. First of all, we introduce three wide table models. Secondly, we unite the format of tenant query SQL statement by analyzing structure of storage model, replace the unified format SQL with the relational algebra and evaluate the I/O cost of SQL query using relational algebra. Finally, through theoretical calculations and experimental simulations, we evaluate the performance of multi-tenant storage model according to query performance. The results show our evaluation method based on relational algebra provides new perspective for the study of performance evaluation in multi-tenant data model.

TRANSATLANTIC FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY

DUNNING, JOHN H. 한국국제경제학회 1992 International Economic Journal Vol.6 No.1

This paper explores the isssue as to how far and in what way has European economic intergration ㅡand the prospects of completion of the internal market in 1992ㅡaffected the level and pattern of transatlantic value added activities. It is shown that the challenges of 1992 have revitalized U.S. investment in the European Community. At the same time, these same cahllenges, together with the wider imperatives of technological and globalization of production and markets, have encouraged and explosion of European direct investment in the United States.

Breast cancer risk variants at 6q25 display different phenotype associations and regulate ESR1, RMND1 and CCDC170

Dunning, Alison M,Michailidou, Kyriaki,Kuchenbaecker, Karoline B,Thompson, Deborah,French, Juliet D,Beesley, Jonathan,Healey, Catherine S,Kar, Siddhartha,Pooley, Karen A,Lopez-Knowles, Elena,Dicks, Ed Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2016 Nature genetics Vol.48 No.4

<P>We analyzed 3,872 common genetic variants across the ESR1 locus (encoding estrogen receptor a) in 118,816 subjects from three international consortia. We found evidence for at least five independent causal variants, each associated with different phenotype sets, including estrogen receptor (ER+ or ER-) and human ERBB2 (HER2(+) or HER2(-)) tumor subtypes, mammographic density and tumor grade. The best candidate causal variants for ER-tumors lie in four separate enhancer elements, and their risk alleles reduce expression of ESR1, RMND1 and CCDC170, whereas the risk alleles of the strongest candidates for the remaining independent causal variant disrupt a silencer element and putatively increase ESR1 and RMND1 expression.</P>

CO2 Selective MOF Membrane with Favourable Charge Effect

Dun-Yen Kang,Jong Suk Lee,Li-Chiang Lin 한국막학회 2020 한국막학회 총회 및 학술발표회 Vol.2020 No.11