장기간 숙성에 따른 죽초 및 목초액의 이화학적 변화

구창섭,문성필,박상범,권수덕 한국목재공학회 2002 목재공학 Vol.30 No.4

졸참나무, 맹종죽 및 소나무로부터 제조한 미정제 죽초 및 목초액을 약 1년 간 저장하고, 이들의 이화학적 변화를 주기적으로 분석하였다. pH, 유기산·용해타르 함량 및 비중은 전 숙성기간 중 큰 변화가 관찰되지 않았다. 그러나 색차의 경우 7∼10개월 사이에서 현저한 변화를 나타내었다. 또한 이 기간동안에 이들 죽초 및 목초액의 색깔은 연한 노랑 띤 오렌지색에서 자주색과 오렌지색으로 크게 변화하였다. 죽초 및 목초액 중 유기산 및 중성 성분(dihydro-2(3H)-furanone, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, 2-hydroxy-1-methyl-1-cyclopenten-3-one, 1-hydroxy-2-propanone, methanol)들의 함량은 3개월 간격으로 주기적인 증감을 나타내었다. 특히 유기산류와 중성 성분들의 관계는 0.92 정도의 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다. 페놀류의 함량은 비록 유사한 주기적인 증감이 관찰되었으나, 그 함량의 경우 숙성 전 기간에 걸쳐 감소하였다. Three different kinds of the crude vinegars obtained from oak(Quercus serrata), bamboo(Phyllostachys pubescens) and pine(Pinus densiflora) species were stored for approximately one year and periodically analyzed to monitor their physicochemical changes. Small changes in physical properties, such as the pH, specific gravity and amount of organic acids as well as water-soluble tar were observed in the entire course of aging period. However, the color difference of the vinegars showed a remarkable change between 7 and 10 months. In addition, these vinegars' colors changed from light yellowish orange to much deeper purple and orange during this period. The amount of organic acids and neutral compounds(dihydro-2(3H)-furanone, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, 2-hydroxy-1-methyl-1-cyclopenten-3-one, 1-hydroxy-2-propanone and methanol) in the vinegars increased or decreased periodically every three months. A good linear relationship (correlation coefficient of ca. 0.92) was obtained between the amount of organic acids and the amount of neutral compounds in such changes. However, although the amount of phenols increased or decreased periodically, its amount was decreased over the entire aging period.

양식넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)의 생리조건에 미치는 연속적인 수온 급강하의 영향

강덕영,박명롱,이복규,장영진 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.1

Physiological responses of cultured olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) on lowering seawater temperature sharply and continuously were studied with 4 experiments of temperature changes (Exp.Ⅰ∼Ⅳ). In Exp.Ⅰ, the temperature was decreased from 18℃ to 9℃ by the rate of 1℃/hr, thereafter back to the initial temperature after 5 days. With the same conditions of temperature rate and 5 days interval, the temperature changes for Exp. Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 20℃ to 17℃, 23℃ to 14℃ and 23℃ to 17℃, respectively. Serum cortisol and glucose were measured during whole experiments. Hematocrit(Ht), hemoglobin(Hb), red blood cell(RBC), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC) were measured in the Exp.Ⅰ, and osmolality, electrolytes(Na^+, Cl^-, Ka^+, Ca^2+), total protein, aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) of serum, in Exp.Ⅱ∼Ⅳ. Serum cortisol levels were significantly increased by the lowering temperature sharply during whole experiments, while serum glucose levels were increased only in Exp.Ⅲ and Ⅳ. Ht, RBC and Hb were decreased as the water temperature was lowered, but MCHC was increased. The serum osmolality was reduced and the unstable changes of electrolytes were shown by the changes of seawater temperature. No significant changes in total protein, ALT and AST activity were observed.

트라이애슬론 스포츠폭력 사건에 투영된 트라이애슬론 선수들의 경험과 인식

김희주 ( Kim Hee-ju ),장덕선 ( Chang Duk-sun ) 한국융합과학회 2022 한국융합과학회지 Vol.11 No.8

연구목적 본 연구는 故 최숙현 선수의 희생이 헛되지 않기를 바라는 마음으로 시작되었다. 연구대상은 2020년 스포츠폭력에 의해 고인이 된 최숙현 선수의 사망사건을 직·간접적으로 경험한 철인3종경기 선수 30명이다. 연구방법 연구방법은 내러티브의 3차원적 공간 중 개인적·사회적 차원과 내적·외적 지향에 중점을 두고, 연구 참여자의 스포츠폭력에 대한 인식과 경험을 개방형 질문으로 조사하였다. 이 후 추가적 심층면담을 실시하였다. 특히 참여자들이 현역선수들이기 때문에 연구참여중단의 가능성과 익명성을 보장하였다. 연구자는 25년간 트라이애슬론 선수로 활동을 하였으며, 직접 피해자이기도 하다. 결과 자료의 귀납적 범주화 결과, 스포츠폭력 사건에 대한 인식에는 기본신념 붕괴, 제도적 문제, 우려, 감정 등이 나타났다. 인지된 내적 변화에는 부정적 영향 없음, 제도적 문제, 간접 트라우마 등이 나타났다. 인지된 외적 변화로는 부정적 영향 없음, 간접 트라우마 등이 나타났다. 지각된 변화로는 변화와 기타로 나타났다. 변화의 시발점은 처벌에 대한 생각, 감정, 제도적 문제 등이 도출 되었으며 변화의 방향성으로는 2차 피해 우려, 확실한 변화 요구, 제도적 해결책 필요 등으로 나타났다. 결론 결과를 토대로 트라이애슬론의 스포츠폭력 사건에 대한 답변을 시간의 흐름 순으로 정리하여 새로운 패러다임 모형을 제시하였다. Purpose This study was started with the hope that the sacrifice of the deceased player, Sook-Hyun Choi, would not be in vain. The subjects of this study were 30 Korean triathletes who directly or indirectly experienced the case of Choi Sook-hyeon, who died of sports violence in 2020. Methods The research method focused on personal and social dimensions and internal and external orientation among the three-dimensional space of the narrative, and conducted an open-ended questionnaire about the research participants' perceptions and experiences of sports violence. After that, additional in-depth interviews were conducted during the analysis process to collect data. In particular, since the participants are active players, the possibility of discontinuation of research participation and anonymity were guaranteed in consideration of ethical issues that may arise from this. In addition, the research was conducted in consideration of the fact that the researcher had been active as a triathlete for 25 years and was also a victim. Result As a result of inductive categorization of the collected data, the perception of sports violence incidents revealed a breakdown of basic beliefs, institutional problems, concerns, and emotions. There were no negative effects on perceived internal changes, institutional problems, and indirect trauma. As for the perceived external changes, there were no negative effects and indirect trauma. Changes and others were perceived as changes. As the starting point of change, thoughts, feelings, and institutional problems about punishment were derived. As for the direction of change, concerns about secondary damage, a clear demand for change, and the need for an institutional solution were shown. Conclusion A new paradigm model was presented by arranging the responses to the three types of sports violence cases in the order of time flow.

한국재래산양육 추출물의 폴리필름백 포장내의 저장에 따른 지방산조성의 변화 I. Total 및 Neutrual lipid의 Fatty acid 조성변화

박창일,김덕진 대구대학교 산업기술연구소 1992 産業技術硏究 Vol.11 No.-

This study was performed to investigate changes in lipid contents and fatty acid composition of extracts packed in polyethlene film of Korean Native Goats with 9.8kg live weight were slaughtered and extracted to obtain samples of polyethylen film package. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Two kinds of fatty acid(Total fatty acid, neutral lipid), were quantitively seperated, divided into 12kinds of fatty acid, the highest in composition of fatty acid was oleic acid (36-41%), the second highest fatty acid was palmitic acid(17-29%), stearic acid(10-14%), myristic acid(8-10%), respectively. 2. The highest among saturated fatty acids of total fatty acied was palmitic acid, the scecond highest fatty acid was stearic acid and myristic acid,respectively,while the highest among unsaturated fatty acids was oleic acid, the second one was palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid respectively. 3. The main composition among saturated fatty acids of netural lipid was palmitic acid, stearic acid myristic acid, while the main composition among unsaturated fatty acids was oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, especially.

Comparison of two sampling intervals and three sampling intervals VSI charts for monitoring both means and variances

Duk Joon Chang 한국데이터정보과학회 2015 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.26 No.4

In industrial quality control, when engineers use VSI control procedure they should consider both required time to signal and switching behaviors together in the case of production process changed. Up to the present, many researchers have studied fixed sampling interval (FSI) chart and variable sampling interval (VSI) chart in the points of average number of samples to signal (ANSS) and average time to signal (ATS). However, ANSS and ATS do not provide any switching information between different sampling intervals of VSI schemes. In this study, performances of two sampling intervals VSI chart and three sampling intervals VSI chart are evaluated and compared. The numerical results show that ANSS and ATS values of two sampling intervals VSI chart and three sampling interval VSI chart are similar regardless the amount of shifts. However, the values of switching behaviors including ANSW are less efficient in three sampling intervals VSI charts than in two sampling intervals VSI chart.

Multivariate EWMA Control Chart for Means of Multiple Quality Variableswith Two Sampling Intervals

Duk-Joon Chang, Sunyeong Heo 조선대학교 기초과학연구원 2012 조선자연과학논문집 Vol.5 No.3

Because of the equivalence between control chart procedures and hypothesis testing, we propose to use likelihood ratio test (LRT) statistic Z2i as the multivariate control statistic for simultaneous monitoring means of the multivariate normal process. Properties and comparisons of the proposed control charts are explored and conducted for matched fixed sampling interval (FSI) and variable sampling interval (VSI) with two sampling interval charts. The result of numerical comparisons shows that EWMA chart with two sampling interval procedure is more efficient than the corresponding FSI chart for small or moderate changes. When large shift of the process has occurred, we also found that Shewhart chart is more efficient than EWMA chart.

Comparison of two sampling intervals and three sampling intervals VSI charts for monitoring both means and variances

Chang, Duk-Joon The Korean Data and Information Science Society 2015 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.26 No.4

In industrial quality control, when engineers use VSI control procedure they should consider both required time to signal and switching behaviors together in the case of production process changed. Up to the present, many researchers have studied fixed sampling interval (FSI) chart and variable sampling interval (VSI) chart in the points of average number of samples to signal (ANSS) and average time to signal (ATS). However, ANSS and ATS do not provide any switching information between different sampling intervals of VSI schemes. In this study, performances of two sampling intervals VSI chart and three sampling intervals VSI chart are evaluated and compared. The numerical results show that ANSS and ATS values of two sampling intervals VSI chart and three sampling interval VSI chart are similar regardless the amount of shifts. However, the values of switching behaviors including ANSW are less efficient in three sampling intervals VSI charts than in two sampling intervals VSI chart.

Multivariate EWMA Control Chart for Means of Multiple Quality Variableswith Two Sampling Intervals

Chang, Duk-Joon,Heo, Sunyeong The Basic Science Institute Chosun University 2012 조선자연과학논문집 Vol.5 No.3

Because of the equivalence between control chart procedures and hypothesis testing, we propose to use likelihood ratio test (LRT) statistic $Z_i^2$ as the multivariate control statistic for simultaneous monitoring means of the multivariate normal process. Properties and comparisons of the proposed control charts are explored and conducted for matched fixed sampling interval (FSI) and variable sampling interval (VSI) with two sampling interval charts. The result of numerical comparisons shows that EWMA chart with two sampling interval procedure is more efficient than the corresponding FSI chart for small or moderate changes. When large shift of the process has occurred, we also found that Shewhart chart is more efficient than EWMA chart.

평활근 증식과 점액성 기질 변화를 보인 사구맥관근종 1 예

김창덕(Chang Duk Kim),박재홍(Jae Hong Park),류영욱(Young Wook Ryoo),김병천(Byung Chun Kim),이규석(Kyu Suk Lee) 대한피부과학회 2001 대한피부과학회지 Vol.39 No.10

Glomus tumors are benign neoplasms that are derived from modified smooth muscle cells known as glomus cells. Histologically, it can be subdivided as glomus tumor proper, glomangioma, and glomangiomyoma according to relative proportions of components. Glomangiomyomas are the least frequent type and their overall architectural pattern may resemble glomus tumor proper or glomangioma, but there is a gradual transition from glomus cells to elongated mature smooth muscle cells. This transition is most obvious in the region surrounding large vessels. We present a case of glomangiomyoma of the left upper arm and the left fourth finger, in which ten-year history of two painful, bluish-colored subcutaneous nodules. On histologic examination, this case showed marked smooth muscle cell proliferation around large vessles and mucinous stromal change. (Korean J Dermatol 2001;39(10) 1147-1151)

오리고기에 關한 硏究(Ⅱ) : 오리고기 통조림의 貯藏中 罐內變化 Various Changes in the Canned Duck-meat during the Storage Period

조덕봉,김동필,성하진,장인애 광주보건대학 1978 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

Various changes, especially leaching of heavy metals, in .the canned dock-meat during the 10 months storage period were investigated. Detinning reached to 57.28 ppm level, and the leaching of Pb and Fe levels were equivalent to 3.88 and 60.00 ppm respectively in the stored 10 months cans. The changes of pH and vacuum degrees were not significant and swelled cans were not observed. . Corrosion of tin-plate was increased as the during storage period in each sample.