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TAX REVENUES EFFECTS OF CORRUPTION AND GOVERNANCE IN WAEMU COUNTRIE
ABDOULAYE DRAMANE 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2022 Journal of Economic Development Vol.47 No.4
Tax revenue mobilization constitutes one of the major challenges facing African countries in general and those of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) in particular to finance their various development programs. Thus, this article aims to analyse the tax revenues effects of corruption and governance in WAEMU countries. To this end, an econometric model is estimated using three relevant methods, namely, the fixed effects method, fixed effects with sample heteroscedasticity correction and the instrumental variables method on a panel of seven countries over the period 1996-2017. The findings show that governance positively affects tax revenues, while corruption hinders tax revenues from increasing in WAEMU countries. The results obtained have made it possible to suggest concrete actions in terms of economic policy implications with a view to increasing tax revenues in the countries of this area.
Mammary Paget’s Disease of the Nipple: Relatively Common but Still Unknown to Many
Poh Siang Ooi,Nani Draman,Siti Suhaila Mohd Yusoff,Wan Zainira Wan Zain,Dharmendra Ganasagaran,Hui Heng Chua 대한가정의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.40 No.4
Mammary Paget’s disease is clinically defined as skin inflammation of the nipple area and is an adenocarcinoma of the epidermis of the nipple. The pathogenesis of mammary Paget’s disease is relatively unknown; nonetheless, there are two popular theories that support the underlying carcinoma and de novo carcinogenesis. For the attend-ing medical practitioner, mammary Paget’s disease poses a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma, especially in the absence of a clinically palpable breast mass. We report a rare case of a 48-year-old Malay woman who presented at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia with the symptom of skin erosion on the left nipple and un-responsiveness to multiple topical treatments. A full evaluation and assessment of the patient were conducted, and mammary Paget’s disease was diagnosed.
Hemiballismus in Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus
Juhaida Jaafar,Razlina Abdul Rahman,Nani Draman,Nor Akma Yunus 대한가정의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.39 No.3
Hemiballismus, a subtype of chorea, is a rare movement disorder, and is most commonly found secondary to stroke. Movements are involuntary, violent, coarse, and have a wide amplitude. There is increasing report of hemi-ballismus occurring in non-ketotic hyperglycemia. Spontaneous improvements or remissions were observed in many patients, and treatment should be directed towards the cause of hemiballismus. There is no randomized control trial to guide clinicians in deciding the best treatment option when managing hemiballismus. Symptomatic treatment includes the use of drugs such as dopamine receptor blocker and tetrabenazine. Surgical treatment is re-served for severe, persistent, and disabling hemiballismus. This case is of an elderly woman with long standing un-controlled diabetes who presented with abnormal movement in her left upper limb for 2 months, which resolved slowly with good control of her glucose levels. Treating physicians need to have a high index of suspicion to prevent mismanagement of the condition.
Nur Sharharni Mohd Tahir,Rosnani Zakaria,Nani Draman 대한가정의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.40 No.5
Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in the general population. The relationship between dyspepsia and particularly gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and psychiatric comorbidity such as anxiety is poorly defined. However, GERD was noted to be strongly associated and often coincident in onset with generalized anxiety disorder in the community. In this paper, we report the case of an adult man who presented with severe weight loss and underlying GERD, and was later found to have an anxiety disorder as the cause of both.
A Case Report of Steroid Withdrawal Syndrome
Faziana Wahab,Razlina Abdul Rahman,Lili Husniati Yaacob,Norhayati Mohd Noor,Nani Draman 대한가정의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.41 No.5
We report a case of steroid withdrawal syndrome in a 74-year-old woman who was suspected of having an occult exogenous Cushing’s syndrome secondary to prolonged traditional complementary medicine use. She presented with non-specific symptoms of lethargy, malaise, and poor oral intake with weight loss for 1 month, and investigations showed suboptimal 9 AM cortisol level. She has responded well to steroid replacement.