감탄사에 관해 주목할 사항들

이두원 忠州大學校 2008 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.43 No.-

Unlike won within the interjection chunk na won cham!, ke within the interjection chunk na ke cham! cannot be scrambled into the final position of the chunk. The reason is that it originates from the pronoun ku kes. While won within the interjection chunk na won cham! is a primary interjection, ke within the interjection chunk na ke cham! is a secondary interjection. Using the Korean interjections, I propose that while the primary interjection of one simple syllable can be freely scrambled to the final position, the secondary interjection cannot do so. Primary interjections are words that cannot be used in any other ways than as an interjection; e.g., oops and ouch. Secondary interjections "are those words that have an independent semantic value but that can be used as utterances by themselves to express a mental attitude or state". From a diachronic perspective, then, the showing/saying continuum may have evolutionary implications. Based on this, I lead to a better characterization of some of the vaguer elements of human communication, of which the use of interjections is one example: that is, the interjection chunk (na won cham! or na ke cham!) should come before the saying continuum (ki-ka mak-hye). Such an interjection chunk expresses exclamations for nonsense ranging from mild to severe negative emotions.

임베디드 리눅스 기반의 영상처리기법에 관한 연구

원지운,정원교,홍원기,이용두 대구대학교 정보통신연구소 2004 情報通信硏究 Vol.3 No.1

현재 embedded system에서 많은 기업체들이 리눅스를 채용하고 있고, 우리 생활에서 쓰이는 각종 전자기기, 정보가전, 제어장치 등에 적용되고 있다. 최근 멀티미디어 처리와 같은 점차 복잡한 기능이 요구되면서 임베디드 운영체제를 사용하기 시작하였고, 이러한 운영체제로 리눅스가 주목받게 되었다. 이는 가격 경쟁력뿐만 아니라 각 H/W에 따라 운영체제와 응용프로그램을 다양하게 변화시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 CCD 카메라로부터 영상을 입력받아 압축하여 LCD 모니터에 출력하기 위한 임베디드 시스템 기반의 영상처리에 관해 기술한다. Recently, many industries adopts linux as an operating system for embedded system, which is commonly used in our life as the type of electronic machinery, electric home appliances and so on. The embedded operating system is getting more complex as lots of features such as multimedia are required. The operating system should be adjusted to the hard ware and software in order to satisfy a competitive price. In this paper, a operating system is discussed in order to compress the images form the CCD camera and then spread the LCD.

Compatibility of Give and Cwuta with the Gradable Adverb : Abstract Direct Objects

이두원 忠州大學校 2007 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.42 No.-

While the factor of the accomplishment-denoting VP is the verbs such as ka- or o-, that of the accomplishment-denoting cwuta predicate is the abstract direct object. The dative verbs such as give and cwuta modifiable by the gradable adverb gradually or cemcem are accomplishment verbs in the sense that the adverb is compatible with events that give rise to an interpretation that involves a series of subintervals at the aspectual temporal level. In this paper, it is argued that the endpoint of the event in the dative construction is the goal.

The Dative Goal and Intervention Effects

( Doo Won Lee ) 대한언어학회 2012 언어학 Vol.20 No.3

Lee, Doo-Won, 2012, The Dative Goal and Intervention Effeds, The Linguistic Association of Korean Journal, 20(3), 91-108, The so-called intervention effect may be driven by the dative argument when the nominative object undergoes Agree with T. At this point, the nominative object cannot move to spec-T. The goal- or object-oriented honorific morpheme tuli or the subject-oriented honorific morpheme si, which is marked on the verb, can appear only when its target is honorific. In this respect, as a Probe, the honorific morpheme tuli or si with an uninterpretable honorification feature, which is active due to the feature, should search down for its matching feature in a Goal. If an uninterpretable honorification feature in a Probe finds a matching feature in a Goal in its local c-command domain, then both features come into an operation called Agree (Chomsky, 2000). However, an intervention effect occurs whenever a non-honorific dative argument intervenes between an honorific v (i.e., tuli on v, here) and an honorific object. The dative argument in the higher clause triggers the intervention effect against its own anaphor binding when the coindexed anaphor phrase in the lower clause moves over the dative argument; hence, the anaphor binding in the copy position is cancelled. To sum up, the VP-dative argument triggers an intervention effect against both honorication agreement and anaphor binding.

Effect of low processing rate on homogeneous microstructural evolution of polyacrylonitrile‑based carbon fibers

Doo‑Won Kim,Dae Ho Kim,Sung Ryong Kim,Bo‑Hye Kim,Yun Hyuk Bang,Duck Joo Yang,Go Bong Choi,Yoong Ahm Kim,Kap Seung Yang 한국탄소학회 2019 Carbon Letters Vol.29 No.5

This study demonstrates that low processing rate for producing polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fiber is a critical to obtain a homogeneous radial microstructure with high resistance to oxidation, thereby resulting in their improved mechanical strength. The dry-jet wet spun PAN organic fibers were processed (e.g., stabilized and then carbonized) utilizing two different rates; one is 1.6 times longer than the other. The effect of processing rate on the microstructural evolutions of carbon fibers was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy after slow etching in air, as well as Raman mapping after graphitization. The rapidly processed fiber exhibited the multilayered radial structure, which is caused by the radial direction stretching of the extrusion in the spinning. In case of the slowly processed fiber, the layered radial structure formed in the spinning process was changed into a more homogeneous radial microstructure. The slowly processed fibers showed higher oxidation resistance, higher mechanical properties, and higher crystallinity than the rapidly processed one. Raman mapping confirmed that the microstructure developed during spinning was sustained even though fiber was thermally treated up to 2800 °C.

Study on a Dynamic master system for Controller Area Network

Won,Ji-Woon,Hong,Won-Kee,Lee,Yong-Doo 한국정보기술응용학회 2005 한국정보기술응용학회학술대회 Vol.2005 No.1

근원 불명 전이암의 예후인자와 생존율

원종호,박성규,홍대식,박희숙,김은석,최두호 순천향의학연구소 1999 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.5 No.1

Purpose : Patients with cancer of unknown primary site represent 5% to 10% of all cancer patients. This study was to evaluate survival and prognostic factors of patients with malignancy of unknown origin. Materials and Methods : A retrospective analysis was done for one hundred and two patients with malignancy of unknown origin who were treated from January 1989 to December 1998. There were 52 male and 50 female patients. Age of patients ranged from 20 to 94 years (mean 58 years). Clinical presentation depended on the site of metastases. In cases of multiple metastatic sites, we selected the first apparent metastasis or the symptomatic one for which the patient was first seen. The three most frequent initial metastatic sites were peritoneum, lymph node, and liver. Median follow up period was 4 months(0-100 months) and survival rate measured form the time of diagnosis. Results : The two years survival rate was 13.6% with a median survival time of 4 months. The factors associated with the overall survival rate were the tumor marker CEA(p=0.0061), smoking history(p=0.0039), and histologic type(squamous cell carcinoma versus non-squamous cell carcinoma, p=0.0295). Marginal statistical difference was found according to performance status. No statistical differences were found according to sex, weight loss, initial metastatic site and numbers, primary lesion site, and treatment modality. Conclusion : Squamous cell carcinoma was associated with survival rate. In squamous cell carcinoma of unknown origin with good prognostic factor, especially cervical lymph node metastasis, we suggest an approach of extensive initial workup for staging and aggressive treatment.

超高壓送電에 따른 長幹碍子의 開發에 關한 硏究

金元燮,金斗燮 全北大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

This paper explains well in developing new long Rod insulator and it's design at the base of new method of insulation development, and will serve the safety of power supply system and the improvement of reliability. I analyze theoretically flashover discharge characteristics of Long Rod insulators and develop the new type Long Rod insulator experimentally in this paper. Generally, flashover phenomena of suspension insulator or Bushing etc. are called flashover discharge in space and surface series air gaps. Their characteristics, according to creeping surface distance and space air gap, show various phenomena. The destructive voltage and progress of creeping surface corona and creeping flashover discharge varies according to the shape and arrangement of the electrode, the surface condition of the solid dielectrics and the amount of moisture in the air. Whole gap flashover discharge characteristics change according to arrangement and relative size of the electrode can be classified according to the following three forms; continuously increasing, decreasing, decreasing after increasing and increasing after decresing. Whole gap maximum flashover voltage will be obtained by adjusting the gap ratio and the size electrode. The characteristics may be obtained by theoretical analysis and it will be an important factor on development of new long Rod insulators in super high voltage Transmission. All the advanced countries has adopted the Transmission system by super High voltage Transmission. Lately, many European countries are prepared to 1000kv High Voltage transmission system, therefore it is necessary for us to develop new type insulators and other many transmission devices.

否定極語 特性과 自由選擇語, 程度쓰임의 疑問詞 否定極語

李斗源 忠州大學校 1997 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.32 No.1

영어 any는 두 가지 쓰임을 보인다. 하나는 부정극어쓰임(negative polarity use)이고 다른 하나는 자유선택어쓰임(free choice use)이다. 네덜란드어의 의문사 부정극어(wh-NPI)는 자유선택어로. 그 쓰임이 가능하다 (Rullmann 1996). 이런 측면에서, 한국어의 의문사 부정극어는 영어 any와 네덜란드어의 의문사 부정극어와 같은 쓰임을 보인다. 영어 any는 부정극어로 쓰일 때, 질의 정도(quantity scale)을 보이고, 자유선택어로 쓰일 때, 종류의 정도(kind scale)을 보인다(Lee & Horn 1994). 한국어의 의문사 부정극어가 부정극어와 자유선택어로 쓰일 때, 각각 질의 정도와 종류의 정도를 또한 보인다. 이런 측면에서 한국어의 의문사 부정극어는 영어 any와 그 쓰임이 같다. 한국어의 부정극어로 '아무(N)도'와 자유선택어로 '아무(N)(이)라도'가 고찰되어 왔다 (Y.-5. Lee 1993, C.-M. Lee 1996). 이 글에서는 의문사 부정극어가 이 두 가지 쓰임을 대용할 수 있다는 것과 각 한국어 부정극어의 특성이 밝혀진다.

신사회운동의 제도화와 민주주의의 발전 : 이론과 쟁점 Theories and Debates

서두원 서울대학교 사회과학연구원 2000 한국사회과학 Vol.22 No.1

20세기 후반 오랫동안 지속되어오던 권위주의체제의 붕괴는 제3세계에서 신사회 운동의 성장을 촉발시켰으며, 이것은 신사회 운동이 민주주의에 미치는 영향에 대한 학문적 관심을 증대 시켰다.본 논문은 이미 출간된 2차 자료를 토대로 북남미와 유럽의 다양한 신사회 운동의 경험을 비교, 역사적 접근방식에 따라 분석한다.기존 사회 운동론 연구는 난해한 이론적, 방법론적 어려움에 직면하고 있다.국가간에 존재하는 역사적, 사회적 조건의 명확한 차이로 인해 운동의 결과에 대한 분석은 다양하고, 때로는 상반된 평가를 도출해냈다.그럼에도 불구하고 본 논문은 운동의 제도화가 국가의 정책결정과정에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 제도적 통로를 확보하고 체제 내의 개혁적 정치 세력들과의 정치적 연대를 가능하게 해준다는 점에서 민주주의 공고화와 발전에 기여하는 중요한 정치적 과정이라는 사실을 밝혀낸다.운동의 제도화하는 운동조직의 특정한 성격과 유리한 정치적 기회구조의 융합의 결과로 나타나는 역사적 산물이다.그러나 운동의 제도화가 항상 민주주의를 발전시키는 것은 아니다.운동조직의 분명한 집단정체성과 국가권력으로부터의 독자성을 유지하는 내적 조건과 국가의 성격이 다소 개방적이고 민주적 정당이 체제 내에서 확고한 세력을 유지하는 외적 조건이 결합되는 상황 하에서만 제도화에 의한 민주주의 발전이 가능하다. As the end of long-fending authoritarianism in the late twentieth century provoked the global growth of new social movements in the Third-World, scholar have increasingly been attentive to how new social movement matter for democratic progress. Based on secondary sources, I analyze with comparative/historical perspective numerous cases of new social movements in North and South Americas and Europe and their impact on democracy. Despite daunting theoretical and methodological problems of studying movement outcomes and disparate historical and social con(litions producing diverse, contending views of movement effects, my research confirms that institutionalization of movements is a major, though not sole, mechanism for consolidating and advancing democracy as it acquires an institutional route to influece state policy-making and allows movement groups to forge political alliance with reformist power elites within polity. Movement institutionalization if facilitated only under specific juncture in which particular characters of movement organization blend with favorable political opportunities, of which traits are much variant by time and context Yet movement institutionalization promotes democracy as long as social movement organization maintains identity and autonomy vis-a-vis state power, state is open, and democratic parties sustain a stronghold inside the government.