Sub-centres, socio-economic characteristics and commuting: a case study and its implications

Dong Lin,Andrew Allan,Jianqiang Cui 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2017 도시과학국제저널 Vol.21 No.3

Institutional and economic reforms in China have not only delivered major improvements in people’s living standards but also changed the spatial structure of Chinese cities. In addition, substantially increased commuting times have become a serious problem influencing quality of life in the mega-cities of China. Accordingly, research into the dynamics of urban restructuring in rapidly growing Chinese cities and the impacts on workers’ commuting patterns would provide important evidence in this research field. The results of this case study suggest that polycentric urban development has a significant influence on employees’ commuting times. Promoting local jobs-housing balance in sub-centres would shorten commuting times for workers. The findings also suggest that the locations and types of employment centres are significantly associated with individuals’ choice of housing and workplace locations, and accordingly their commuting behaviour. The effects of decentralization of employment on workers’ commuting times differ depending on the extent of suburbanization of different economic sectors. The findings in this research also suggest that workers’ commuting behaviour is related to individual socio-economic characteristics, such as income and education.

The impacts of urban spatial structure and socio-economic factors on patterns of commuting: a review

Dong Lin,Andrew Allan,Jianqiang Cui 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2015 도시과학국제저널 Vol.19 No.2

Previous studies have reported that urban spatial structure and the spatial relationship between jobs and housing are strongly correlated with commuting patterns. Nevertheless, a number of studies have also supported the concept that the spatial relationship between workplaces and residences cannot be the only reason behind observed commuting behaviour. Some ‘soft’ factors also affect people's commuting patterns. When considering these ‘soft’ factors, urban land development patterns such as urban structure and the spatial relationship between jobs and housing must not be overlooked. In this paper, we first conduct a brief review of the debate about how urban spatial structure and the jobs–housing relationship affect commuting patterns. Then we mainly focus on the ‘soft’ factors related to commuting behaviour. We divided the ‘soft factors’ into city-level factors and individual- and household-level factors. These perspectives will offer insights to identify a set of key factors that could affect the patterns of commuting.

Enhancing Natural Disaster Resilience through NGO Participation in China

Dong Lin,Jae Eun Lee,Seol A Kwon,Quan Jin 위기관리 이론과 실천 2020 Crisisonomy Vol.16 No.10

The purpose of this paper is to strengthen natural disaster resilience by providing strategic measures for NGOs to participate in disaster management in China. For the research purpose, this paper used the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis method to qualitatively analyze the internal and external environmental factors that NGOs face in the disaster management process, in combination with AHP to quantitatively analyze each factor. We suggested strategic measures for NGOs in the disaster management field at the public sector and NGO levels as follows; ① to supplement laws and policies; ② to strengthen supervision and auditing; ③ to emphasize participation enthusiasm; ④ to strengthen promotion; ⑤ to reinforce communication; ⑥ to train professional manpower through various channels; ⑦ to establish cooperative relationships with other actors, and ⑧ to pay attention to the vulnerable.

A Deconvolutive Neural Network for Speech Classification With Applications to Home Service Robot

Donglin Wang,Leung, H,Kurian, A P,Hye-Jin Kim,Hosub Yoon IEEE 2010 IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measureme Vol.59 No.12

<P>Reverberation deteriorates the quality and intelligibility of speech, leading to the poor performance of classification systems. Room reverberation parameters depend on the location of the speaker and the microphone and the room geometry. For mobile robots, the reverberation is constantly changing due to the relative movement of the speaker and the robot. This can affect the spectral properties of the signal and therefore, the classification accuracy. The contribution of this paper is a new network architecture, which uses neural network constant modulus algorithm (NNCMA) based equalizer followed by a multi-layer preceptron (MLP) classifier. NNCMA is an MLP which is trained with a cost function similar to constant modulus algorithm (CMA). With this two-stage structure, the classifier does not have to consider the time-varying nature of the reverberation. The proposed algorithm is applied to speech samples collected by the home service robot WEVER-R2 for speaker classification in a typical home or office environment. We use them for gender classification application. The proposed neural network was found to have 83.73% of classification accuracy for age classification and 88.91% of classification accuracy for gender classification, while the standard MLP had a classification accuracy of 71.43% and 72.29%, respectively.</P>

Impact of Asian Native Plants on US Horticultural Market

Donglin Zhang,Jung-Myung Lee,Ki Sun Kim 한국원예학회 2008 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

The effect of Maternal Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane exposure to offspring mice behavior

Donglin Yi,Sunhwa Jeong,Minsu Lee,Eui-bae Jeung 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7

Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane(D5) is one of the most common chemical ingredients for cosmetic products, cleansing agents, hairdye, dry cleaning solvent and personal hygiene supplies. D5 is also known as estrogenic chemical. It can be absorbed through skin, airosol, and even oraly. People are exposed to D5 in daily environment. However, the risk of prenatal exposure to D5 has not yet been fully understood. Recent research shows that imbalance of dam’s estrogen induces brain development disorder, in this study the effect of prenatal exposure of D5 on brain development were assessed by behavioral test of their pup. According to previous study, the estimated amount of daily exposure of D5 to human is around 0.6mg/kg. Also, the systematical absorption ratio of D5 by oral is 10% in mice. Thus, we treated 3, 6, 12 mg/kg of D5 with corn oil per a day to pregnant female mice from E10 through E19. All behavioral tests were performed after pups became 6 weeks old. In high dose treated D5 group showed decreased social behavior and cognitive ability in three chamber test. The impairment of memory and exploring ability were found on high dose D5 group pups in novel object test. These results show that maternal exposure to D5 impairs social ablilty and memory of pups. As pups were only exposed to D5 in prenatal period, these symptoms were caused by abnormal brain development while they were embryos. This study shows that maternal exposure to D5 cause the offspring’s brain development disorders. Also, the results suggest the consideration of D5 usage in customer products. This work was supported by the Global Research and Development Center (GRDC) Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2017K1A4A3014959).

Fatigue Life Predictions based on a New Stress Field Intensity Approach

Donglin Tang,Jun Hou,Zhiquan Ma,Maoyang Li 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.5

This work is to introduce a new model for fatigue life prediction. At first, considering the weakening speed of weight function in the stress field of intensity method is too fast, a modification is presented to make it more suitable for the calculation of the fatigue life of the key components. In this model the stress contour line was proposed as the boundary of the damage zone and a new mathematical model for stress gradient was constructed. Then, the determination of the damage zone and the direction angle were given. Numerical simulations were performed to analyze the proposed new method. On the basis of the new stress field of intensity method, two examples were analyzed and calculated. Compared with the traditional method, the damage zone determined by the improved stress field method can change with the load amplitude, and it is closer to the shape and size of the real damage zone. The experiment effectively verifies the rationality of the new mathematical model and the feasibility of this new approach. With the small error and good stability, this new approach can be well used in the fatigue life prediction of notched specimen.

Oiltea Camellia – Eastern “Olive” for the World

Donglin Zhang,Riqing Zhang,Jiangfan Yu,Lois B. Stack,Bixia Xie,John M. Ruter 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Genetic Improvement of Oiltea Camellia in China

Riqing Zhang,Donglin Zhang,Xiaoling Jin,Tana Wuyun,Yongzhong Chen,Xu Zhang,Jinlin Ma 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

The effects of mitochondrial toxicity during myocardial differentiation in 3D model

Sunhwa Jeong,Donglin Yi,Jimin Lee,Eui-Bae Jeung 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7

Mitochondria, which are essential organelles for endocrine health, plays an important role in various physiological functions including hormonal biosynthesis, cell metabolism, proliferation and differentiation. Thus, mitochondrial toxicity can affect a variety of organs, such as liver, heart, muscle, kidney, and central nervous system. Mitochondrial toxicity is recognized as a contributor to drug-induced toxicity of various drugs such as hydroxy tamoxifen, valproic acid, acetaminophen, doxorubicin, and amiodarone. Here we describe in vitro assay using 3D culture in embryonic body(EB) state and establish a novel model of idiosyncratic toxicity based on mitochondrial impairment. The EBs were cultured in 3D model, and exposed to chemicals for 4 days. This study aims to investigate mitochondrial dynamics during myocardial differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells(mESCs). In the result, ID50 values under 10-3M each toxic chemical in eEBs state were obtained; the expression levels of mRNA associated mitochondrial complex were decreased in high concentration group. We also compared mitochondrial DNA copy numbers to examine the effect on the number of mitochondria in mESCs-derived cardiomyocytes. As a results, mitochondrial DNA copy number were increased upon the toxic chemicals at high concentration. Taken together, the results suggest that mitochondrial toxicity of unknown chemicals can be estimated with our alternative in vitro assay.