위장관계 악성종양에서 CA 125 측정의 의미

장우익 ( Jang U Ig ),안강현 ( An Gang Hyeon ),이종인 ( Lee Jong In ),김현수 ( Kim Hyeon Su ),김효열 ( Kim Hyo Yeol ),김수경 ( Kim Su Gyeong ),이동기 ( Lee Dong Gi ),배선우 ( Bae Seon U ),심영학 ( Sim Yeong Hag ),강명서 ( Kang Myeo 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.44 No.4

연구배경 : 종양표지자는 암외 진단, 임상적 병기구분 및 치료효과 판정에 유용하며, 위장관암에서 alphafetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, CA 19-9, 및 CA 72-4 등이 중요한 지표로 사용되고 있으나 위암의 경우, 현재까지 만족할 만한 유용성을 가진 종양표지자는 없는 실정이다. 저자등은 위암에 대한 새로운 종양표지자로 CA 125의 역할을 규명하고자 위암을 비롯한 각종 위장관암에서 CA 125와 기존의 종양표지자와의 유용성을 검토하였다. 방법 : 대상은 위장관 악성종양 181예, 위장관 양성질환자 55예를 대상으로 하였으며 CA 72-4는 CIS ELSA CA 72-4 RIA kit, CA 19-9는 Abbott CA 19-9 RIA kit, CEA는 Abbott CEA kit, CA 125는 Centocor CA 125 RIA kit를 사용하여 측정하였으며, 각각의 정상치 한계는 4 U/ml, 37 U/ml, 5ng/ml그리고 35 U/ml로 하였다. 결과 : 1) CA 125는 양성 소화기 질환에서 93%의 높은 특이도를 보였으나 복수가 있는 간경변증의 경우 거의 전예에서 혈중 CA 125값이 증가하여 악성종양군과 감별이 어려웠다. 2) CA 125는 위암에서 민감도가 36%로 CA 72-4와 차이가 없었다. 3) CA 125는 췌담도암에 대한 민감도가 55%로 CA 19-9의 85%에 비해 낮았으며 두 종양표지자를 병합하여 사용한 경우 민감도의 증가(95%)를 볼 수 있었다. 4) 23예의 조기위암 환자에서 CA 125의 민감도는 9%로 낮았다. 5) Conventional image study 상으로 인지되지 않은 복강내 암종증 환자에 대한 CA 125의 민감도는 36%였다. 결론 : CA 125는 위암에서 기존의 종양표지자인 CA 72-4와 유용성의 차이를 보이지 않았으며 전이성 위암에서 높은 민감도를 나타내었다. 혈중 CA 125의 증가는 위장관의 악성 및 양성질환에 관계없이 복수의 유무와 밀접한 연관관계를 가지는 것으로 사료되며 통상적인 영상 진단법상으로 인지되지 않은 복강내 암종중의 예견에 있어서는 유용하지 않을 것으로 생각된다. Background: Detection of tumor markers could offer an accessible method for screening risk groups in order to achieve an early diagnosis of cansers, to contribute to and adequate staging, and to help evaluate effects of therapy. CA 125 is an antigenic determinant defined by murine monoclonal antibody OC 125, and synthesized by coelomic epithelial derivatives such as Mullerian epithelium and mesothelial tissues. CA 125 is regarded as useful tumor marker for non-musinous epithelial ovarian tumors. So we investigated whether CA 125 is reliable tumor marker for gastrointestinal malignancies and especially for detection of intraperitoneal carcinomatosis unrecognized by conventional imaging studies. And we compared CA 125 with other conventional tumor markers in the serodiagnosis of gastrointestinal malignancies. Methods: Serum CA 72-4, CA 19-9, CA 125 and CEA were determined radioimmunologically with monoclonal antibodies. A cut-off value of 4 U/ml, 37 U/ml, 35 U/ml and 5 mg/ml were used respectively. Results: The results are summarized as follows. 1) CA 125 had high specificity (93%) for benign gastrointestinal disease but was not useful to differetiate malignant ascites and benign ascites. 2) In gastric carcinoma, the sensitivity of CA 125 (36%) was not so different to that of CA 72-4(36%). 3) In pancreatobiliary carcinoma, the sensitivity of CA 125(55%) was inferior than that of CA 19-9 (85%), but combined use of these two tumor markers increases sensitivitu(95%) for the diagnosis. 4) The sensitivities of CA 125 for 23 early gastric cancer was 9%. 5) The sensitivities of CA 125 for the intraperitoneal carcinomatosis that was not recognized by conventional imaging studies was 36%. Conclustion: Our data indicates that CA 125 is not better in the serodiagnosis of gastrointestinal malignancies than other conventional tumor markers, and CA 125 has a little predictive value in the diagnosis of intraperitoneal carcinomatosis unrecognized by the conventional imaging studies. Serum CA 125 elevation in benign or malignant diseases closely correlated with the presence of ascites.

Four Poems by Hwang Dong-kyu

Hwang Dong-kyu,Kim U-ch’ang(번역자) The Academy of Korean Studies 1967 Korea Journal Vol.7 No.1

원조포미바이러스 U5 LTR 말단의 보존적인 잔기의 돌연변이에 대한 인테그라제의 반응성

현우석,이동현,고현탁,신차균,Hyun, U-Sok,Lee, Dong-Hyun,Ko, Hyun-Tak,Shin, Cha-Gyun 대한약학회 2008 약학회지 Vol.52 No.2

The long terminal repeat (LTR) of retroviral DNA genome plays an important role in the integration process by providing substrate recognition site for viral integrase (IN). The dinucleotide CA near the 3'-end of the LTR termini is completely conserved among retoviruses. In order to study specificity of interaction between prototype foamy virus (PFV) IN and its U5 LTR DNA, the effect of mutagenesis of the CA sequence was investigated by studying reactivity of PFV IN to the mutant LTR substrates. Replacement of only the C or the A allowed 60 to 100% of the reactivity of the wild type LTR substrate. In addition, replacement of the C and the A showed 50 to 80% of the reactivity of the wild type LTR substrate, indicating that PFV IN has less specificity on the conserved CA sequence when it is compared to the other retroviral INs. Therefore it is suggested that PFV IN is less dependent on the conserved sequence of LTR termini for its enzymatic reaction.

佛頂心觀世音菩薩陀羅尼經 의 치병법을 통해 살펴본 한국 불교의학의 일면

이유진(U-Jin Lee),안상우(Sang-Woo Ahn),김동율(Dong-Ryul Kim) 한국의사학회 2019 한국의사학회지 Vol.32 No.1

TheSūtraofGreatDhāraṇīoftheUṣṇīṣa-cittāisoneofthemostwidelypublishedscripturesofEsotericBuddhism duringtheGoryeo andJoseondynasty.ThesutraisoftenreferredtoasaBuddhistmedicalscripturewhoserecitationisbelievedtoallaydiseasessuch asdifficultbirth,chestpain,andinfectiousandincurablediseases.Itutilizestwomajormethodsforhealing:recitingandcopyingthe sutraorcopyingthedharaniandtalismanwhichappearattheendofthetextwithfinecinnabarandingestingthem witharomatic water.In ordertounderstand the medicaland historicalvalue ofthissutra,thisstudyexaminesthehistoricalbackground ofits establishmentinearlyChinaanditsmigrationtoKoreaintheGoryeoperiod.Thisstudyalsoinvestigatestheidentityandvalueofthe scriptureinBuddhistmedicalhistory.TheoldestknownprintedtextsofthesutrainKoreaaredatedtothelate11thcentury.Because ofthematerialbenefitsofthetext,thetraditionofprintinganddistributingthesutrawasverypopularbetweenthe13thand19th centuries.Therefore,examples ofthe sutra having been used formedicinalpurposes during rites are found in historicalrecords. Finally,thestudytriestoidentifytherelationshipbetweenthetreatmentmethodsoftheSutraandthoseofKoreantraditionalmedicine focusingonseveralKoreantraditionalmedicaltextssuchastheHyangyak-Jibseongbang(CompilationofNativeKoreanPrescriptions), theDonguibogam,andtheEuibang-Hapbu.

영상분석을 이용한 U-Turn허용구간에서의 교통상충 판단기준 정립 및 적용

김응철,오주택(O, Ju-Taek),정동우(Jeong, Dong-U) 대한교통학회 2008 대한교통학회 학술대회지 Vol.58 No.-

현재 전국의 주요 교차로에서 현시를 줄여 교통소통을 원활히 하는 방법으로 대향차로가 3차로 이상의 도로일 경우 U-Turn허용구간을 설치하여 운행하는 방법을 사용하고 있다. U-Turn허용구간의 증가로 인하여 U-Turn차량들로 인한 사고 및 상충의 수도 함께 증가하고 있으나 사고 자료를 이용한 안전도 판단은 다년도 사고자료 취득의 어려움과 경미한 사고들의 부재로 인하여 분석에 어려움이 있다. 이러한 사고 자료를 이용한 안전도 판단의 어려움을 대체하는 방법으로 상충을 이용한 방법이 연구되어 사용되고 있으나 U-Turn허용구간에서 사용되는 구체적인 상충판단기준의 정립이 미흡한 상황이다.

위장관암 환자에서 혈청 CA 72-4, CA 19-9 및 CEA의 진단적 의의

장우익 ( Jang U Ig ),김철한 ( Kim Cheol Han ),김현수 ( Kim Hyeon Su ),이종인 ( Lee Jong In ),이동기 ( Lee Dong Gi ),권상옥 ( Kwon Sang Og ),심영학 ( Sim Yeong Hag ),김대성 ( Kim Dae Seong ),윤갑준 ( Yun Gab Jun ),장세진 ( Jang Se 대한내과학회 1992 대한내과학회지 Vol.42 No.6

연구배경 : 종양표지자는 암의 조기진단, 임상적 병기 구분 및 치료효과 판정에 사용될 수 있다. 위장관암에서 alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen 및 CA 19-9가 중요한 종양표지자로 사용되고 있으나 위암에 대한 적당한 종양표지자가 없는 실정이다. 이에 저자등은 위암에 대한 새로운 종양표지자로 CA 72-4의 역할을 규명하고자 위암을 비롯한 각종 위장관암에서 CA 19-9 및 CEA를 동시 측정하여 비교하였다. 방법 : 대상은 위장관 악성종양환자 273예, 위장관 양성질환자 215예 및 정상대조군 93명이었으며, CA 72-4는 CIS ELSA CA 72-4 RIA kit, CA 19-9는 Abbott CA 19-9 RIA kit 그리고 CEA는 Abbott CEA RIA kit를 이용하여 측정하였으며, 각각의 정상 상한치는 4 U/ml, 37U/ml 그리고 5ng/ml로 하였고 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 결과 : 1) CA 72-4, CA 19-9 및 CEA의 평균치는 악성종양군에서 정상대조군이나 양성질환군보다 높았다(p<0.05). 2) CA 72-4는 장기별 양성질환에서 95~100%의 높은 특이도를 보였으나 CA 19-9는 담도질환에서 54%, CEA는 간장질환에서 63%로 CA 72-4에 비해 낮은 특이도를 보였다. (p<0.05). 3) CA 72-4는 위암에서 민감도가 49%로 CEA(31%) 및 CA 19-9(31%)보다 높았다(p<0.05). 4) CA 72-4는 췌장암 및 담도암에서 민감도가 각각 43%, 44%로서 CA 19-9(각각 79%, 87%)보다 낮았으며 (p<0.05), 대장암에서도 35%로 CEA(74%)보다 매우 낮았다(p<0.05). 5) 8예의 조기위암환자 전예에서 CA 72-4를 비롯한 CA 19-9 및 CEA가 모두 음성이었다. 6) 위암에서 림프절 전이 유무에 따른 CA 72-4의 차이는 없었으나, 원격 전이가 없는 환자군(10%)에 비해 원격전이군(77%)에서 현저하게 높은 양성률을 보였다(p<0.05). 7) 위암의 병기별 CA 72-4의 분포는 4병기에서 83%로 1병기(7%), 2병기(8%) 및 3병기(13%)보다 현저히 높았다(P<0.05). 8) 근치적 위절제술을 시행한 5예의 위암환자에서 수술후 CA 72-4치가 정상 상한치 이하로 감소하였고 항암 약물요법에 반응을 보였던 4예의 진행성 위암환자에서도 약물치료후 현저한 감소가 있었다. 9) CA 72-4는 전이성 대장암 및 췌장암에서 국소 및 국소진행성 대장암 및 췌장암에 비해 현저히 높은 양성률을 보였다. 10) 위암환자에서 CA 72-4와 CA 19-9 또는 CA 72-4와 CEA사이의 상관관계는 없었다. 결론 : 이상과 같이 CA 72-4는 위암에서 CA 19-9 및 CEA 보다 높은 민감도를 보였으며 특히 4병기 위암에서 현저히 높은 민감도를 보이는바 CA 72-4가 양성인 경우 치료방침을 결정하는데 신중한 고려가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 또한 CA 72-4는 위암에서 수술 혹은 항암 약물 요법의 치료 monitoring에 적절히 사용될 수 있는 종양 표지자로 생각된다. 또한 각종 위장관 질환에서 CA 72-4는 기존의 종양표지자에 비해 높은 특이도를 보이는바 CA 72-4가 양성인 경우 항상 악성종양의 가능성을 고려하여야 한다. Background: Detection of tumor markers could offer an accessible method for screening risk groups in order to achieve an early diagnosis of cancers, to contribute to an adequate staging, and to help evaluate effects of therapy. Alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen and CA 19-9 are regarded as valuable tumor markers for gastrointestinal cancers. But in spite of the high incidence of gastric cancer in Korea, ideal tumor markers for gastric ancer have proved unrelible. So we investigated whether new tumor marker CA 72-4 is a reliable tumor marker for gastric cancer. And we compared CA 72-4 with CA 19-9 and CEA in the serodiagnosis of gastrointestinal cancers. Methods: Serum CA 72-4, CA 19-9 and CEA were determined radioimmunologically with monoclonal antibodies. A cut-off value of 4 U/ml, 37 U/ml and 5 ng/ml were used, respectively. Results: The results are summarized as follows. 1) The mean value of 72-4, CA 19-9 and CEA in malignant diseases were significantly higher than those of the benign digestive diseases (p<0.05). 2) CA 72-4 had high specificity ranged from 95%-100% in benign digestive disease groups but CA 19-9 (54%) had lower specificity in cholelithiasis(p<0.05) and CEA (63%) in benign liver diseases (p < 0.05). 3) In gastric carcinoma, the sensitivity of CA 72-4 (49%) was higher than that of CA 19-9 (31%, p<0.05) and CEA (31%, p<0.05). 4) The sensitivities of CA 72-4 was inferior to CA 19 -9 in pancreatic cancer (43% versus 79%, p<0.05) and in bile duct cancer (44% versus 87%, p<0.05) and to CEA in colon cancer (35% versus 749& p<0.05). 5) Eight of 45 resected gastric carcinoma patients had TI lesion (early gastric cancer), and CA 72-4, CA 19-9 and CEA were demonstrated all negative results for early gastric cancer. 6) In gastric carcinoma, there was no correlation between CA 72-4 positivity and occurrence of lymph node metastasis but significant difference of CA 72-4 positivity was observed between those with distant metastasis and those without metastasis(p<0.05). 7) The positive ratings in stages Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ gastric carcinoma were 7% (1 of 14 patients), 8% (1 of 12 patients), 13% (2 of 16 patients), and 83% (24 of 29 patients) respectively and significant higher CA 12-4 positivity was observed in stage IV gastric carcinoma (p<0.05). 8) Elevated levels of serum CA 72-4 decreased to below the cut-off value after radical gastric resection in five patients with resectable gastric carcinoma and decreased also after chemotherapy in four patients with chemo-responsive metastatic gastric carcinoma. 9) Comparing with local or locally advanced colon cancer and pancreatic cancer, high positivity of CA 72-4 was observed in metastatic colon cancer and pancreatic cancer. 10) No significant correlation was observed between CA 72-4 and CA 19-9 or between CA 72-4 and CEA in gastric carcinoma. Conclusion: In conclusion, our data indicates that CA 72-4 is a reliable new tumor marker of disease stages and activity in gastric carcinoma. And CA 72-4 had a very high specificity in benign digestive diseases, so that elevated serum levels of CA 72-4 should always be taken seriously.

Relativistic Analogue Hidden in Projectile Motion

Lim Jae Hoon,Jung Dong-Won,Kim U-Rae,Cho Sungwoong,Lee Jungil 한국물리학회 2020 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.77 No.8

We present a four-vector analogue Uμ≡U0,U)=(|V'|,V) that can be directly constructed from the velocity of a projectile. Here, V and V' are the velocities of a projectile at heights h+H and h, respectively. In the non-relativistic regime, the mathematical structure of this four-vector analogue has an exact correspondence to the relativistic counterpart four-velocity uμ=γ(1,β)c of a massive particle. Based on this observation, we illustrate the design of an introductory laboratory experiment to investigate the Lorentz invariance and its covariant nature by measuring the velocity of a projectile. The experiment may help students to acquire a concrete perspective of Lorentz covariance through their own measurements and analyses of a free-fall motion.

Clinical characteristics of patients with psoriasis with high serum total immunoglobulin E: A retrospective single-center study

( Seung Hui Seok ),( Tae Bin Im ),( Jung U Shin ),( Hee Jung Lee ),( Moon Soo Yoon ),( Dong Hyun Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2020 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.72 No.1

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic T17 cells-driven immune-mediated inflammatory disease. However, psoriasis patients may have elevated serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE), which is a hallmark of Th2 inflammation. In previous case reports, patients with psoriasis with high serum IgE levels did not respond well to treatment or exacerbated eczema lesions. Objectives: We sought to investigate the clinical characteristics of psoriasis patients with high serum total IgE levels. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of 130 patients with plaque psoriasis who had done serum total IgE level test from November 1, 2009, to October 31, 2019. We compared the demographics, clinical characteristics, severity of the disease, and treatment regimen for each high IgE group (>214 U/mL), and normal IgE group (≤214 U/mL). Results: Among 130 patients with psoriasis, 41 patients (31.5%) had high serum IgE level. High IgE levels were positively associated with the severity of disease and psoriasis lesions including scalp, hands, feet, and flexures which are difficult-to-treat were observed significantly higher in patients with high serum IgE level. There was no correlation between age, gender, disease duration, or presence of pruritus, and serum total IgE level. Conclusion: High serum IgE levels in psoriasis may be a prognostic factor which is related with more severe and difficult-to-treat traits requiring systemic treatment.

Zinc stearate의 첨가가 $UO_{2}$분말의 겉보기밀도, 혼합 및 성형에 미치는 효과

나상호,김시형,이영우,양명승,손동성,Na, Sang-Ho,Kim, Si-Hyeong,Lee, Yeong-U,Yang, Myeong-Seung,Son, Dong-Seong 한국재료학회 1995 한국재료학회지 Vol.5 No.4

윤활제인 zinc stearate의 첨가량 (0~4wt%)을 변화시켜 U$O_{2}$분말의 겉보기밀도, 성형시의 분말입자간 마찰과 입자/다이벽 마찰간의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 소량의 윤활제 첨가시에는 U$O_{2}$분말입자간 박막의 윤활제 도포층이 형성되어 겉보기밀도가 증가한 반면 다량의 윤활제를 첨가한 경우에는 U$O_{2}$ 분말입자에 두꺼운 윤활제 도포층이 형성되고 미혼합된 윤활제가 존재하여 겉보기밀도는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 윤활제를 첨가혼합한 상태에서 다이벽 윤활도포 유무에 따라 구한 U$O_{2}$ 성형체의 성형압력/성형밀도 자료로부터 분말입자간 마찰, 입자/다이벽 마찰 그리고 성형시 lubrication/inhibition등의 상대적 중요성을 조사하였다. 입자/다이벽 마찰에 의한 압력손실은 입자간 마찰에 의한 압력손실보다 크게 나타났다. 입자/다이벽 마찰에 의한 압력손실은 다이벽 윤활제 도포에 의해 최소화될 수 있지만 상대적으로 바람직하지 않은 성형시의 inhibition이 야기되는 것으로 나타났다.

Downregulation of GFAP, TSP-1, and p53 in human glioblastoma cell line, U373MG, by IE1 protein from human cytomegalovirus

Lee, Karim,Jeon, Kipyoung,Kim, Jong-Mook,Kim, Vic Narry,Choi, Dong Hee,Kim, Seung U.,Kim, Sunyoung John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2005 Glia Vol.51 No.1

<P>Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a member of the β-herpesvirus family, which has tropism for glial cells. It was recently reported that HCMV might play important roles in the pathogenesis of malignant glioma. In this study, we investigated the effects of the HCMV IE1 protein on the gene expression profile in the human glioblastoma cell line, U373MG by employing cDNA microarray technology. Using DNA chips containing approximately 1,000 human cDNAs, RNA samples from U373MG cells stably expressing IE1 were compared with those from the control cells lacking IE1 cDNA. Fluorescence intensities of 13 genes were significantly decreased in IE1-expressing cells, while one gene was found to be upregulated. Among these 14 genes, we chose to work further on glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), and p53, because of their previously known involvement in tumorigenesis. The mRNA levels of all these genes were found to be decreased in IE1-expressing glioblastoma cells by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) as well as Northern blot analysis. The decreased expression of these genes was also observed at protein levels as measured by immunocytochemistry or fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. Our data strongly suggested that HCMV IE1 could modulate the expression of cellular genes that might play important roles in the pathogenesis of glial tumors. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>