서울 서남부지역 노인 인구에서 비만증 유병률과 고지혈증과의 상관성

최경묵,조영직,김경오,김동림,김난희,백세현,안정천,서홍석,오동주,최동섭 대한노인병학회 2000 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.4 No.3

기존의 치료에 반응하지 않는 다발성 간전이 대장암 환자에서 방사선조사와 병합한 수지상세포 면역치료의 1, 2상 임상시험

최영민(Youngmin Choi),이형식(Hyung-Sik Lee),권혁찬(Hyuk-Chan Kwon),한상영(Sang-Young Han),최종철(Jong-Cheol Choi),정주섭(Ju-Seop Chung),김창원(Chang-Won Kim),김동원(Dong-Won Kim),강치덕(Chi-Duk Kang) 대한방사선종양학회 2008 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.26 No.2

목 적: 기존치료에 반응하지 않는 다발성 간전이를 동반한 대장암 환자에서 방사선치료와 병합한 수지상세포 면역 치료의 독성과 반응도를 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2004년 5월부터 2006년 11월까지 다발성 간전이가 동반된 대장암 환자들 중에서 항암화학 요법에 반응하지 않은 환자 중 지원자를 대상으로 연구를 시행하였다. 본 임상 시험에 대하여 동아대학교병원과 부산대학교병원의 임상윤리심의위원회의 허가를 획득하였고, 동의서에 서명한 환자들을 임상 시험의 대상으로 등록하였다. 환자의 말초 혈액으로부터 수지상세포를 추출하여 배양하였다. 임상시험 일자에 맞추어서 6×106개의 수지상세포를 바이알(0.5 ml)에 넣어서 디씨백/아이알 주사를 만들었다. 수지상세포 면역치료는 2주 간격으로 간전이암조직에 3회 주사하고, 5주에 내약성 평가를 하였다. 내약성 평가를 통과한 환자에게는 8주에 4번째 수지상세포 면 역치료를 하였다. 병의 악화가 없거나 임상시험에 대한 환자의 동의 철회가 없는 경우에는 5, 6번째 수지상세포면역치료를 각각 12, 16주에 시행하였다. 방사선치료는 수지상세포 면역치료를 주사할 간전이암 부위에 주사하기 전일 및 당일에 4 Gy씩을 조사하였다. 내약성 평가는 3×106개의 수지상세포로부터 시작하여, 12×106개의 수지상세포까지 시행하였다. 내약성 평가의 최대 내성 용량으로 추가 임상시험을 하였다. 수지상세포 면역치료 주사를 맞은 모든 환자들에서 안전성 평가를 하였다. 4회 이상 주사를 맞은 환자들을 대상으로 10주에 치료 반응을 평가하여 유효성을 조사하였다. 결 과: 임상시험에 등록한 24명 중 22명에서 수지상세포 면역치료를 시행하였다. 내성약 평가에는 14명이 등록하여 11명에서 평가를 완료하였다. 시험약과의 관련성이 있을 것으로 생각되는 grade 3 이상의 약물반응으로 인한 이상반응은 없었다. 12×106개의 수지상세포를 내성용량으로 확인하였고, 내성용량인 12×106개 수지상세포 면역치료를 이용하여 8명에서 추가로 시험을 하였다. 치료에 대한 환자들의 내성은 양호하였고, grade 3을 초과하는 치명적인 부작용은 발생되지 않았다. 4회 이상의 수지상세포 면역치료 주사를 받은 환자가 17명이었고, 이 중의15명에서는 종양의 반응도 평가가 이루어졌다. 본 연구의 목적은 안전성 평가이지만, 면역치료의 유효성 평가를 위해, 방사선치료와 수지상세포 면역치료 주사가 시행된 부위 외의 간전이암에서 반응도를 조사 하였다. 면역치료의 반응은 평가가 이루어진 환자들에서 정지성 병변이 4명, 진행성 병변이 11명 이었다. 결 론: 수지상세포 면역치료와 병행한 방사선치료는 이론적으로 국소 및 전신 제어에 상승효과가 있을 것으로 기대할 수 있다. 하지만 기존 치료에 반응하지 않는 매우 진행된 직장암 환자들을 대상으로 한 본 연구에서는 방사선 치료와 병합한 수지상세포 면역치료로 인한 심각한 부작용의 발생은 없었다는 결과와 4예에서의 정지성 병변의 관찰을 보고한다. 수지상세포의 최대 투여 용량, 적절한 투여 방법, 적절한 방사선의 양, 방사선과 수지상 세포의적절한 투여 간격 등에 관한 추가 연구를 통하여, 향후 제 2상, 3상 시험으로서의 진행 여부에 긍정적인 결과를얻을 수 있다고 판단한다. Purpose: To assess the toxicity and tumor response induced by DCVac/IRⓇ dendritic cell (DC) immunotherapy combined with irradiation for refractory colorectal cancer patients with multiple liver metastases. Materials and Methods: Between May 2004 and November 2006, applicants from a pool of refractory colorectal cancer patients with multiple liver metastases were enrolled. The patients were registered after having signed the informed consent form, which had been approved by the Institutional Review Board from the Dong-A University and Busan National University Hospital. DCs were obtained from peripheral blood of each patient, and then cultured in vitro. A total of 6×106 DCs were packed into a vial (DCVac/IRⓇ, 0.5 ml) at the convenience of each patient’s schedule. On the day before and on the day of each vaccination, each patient received a 4 Gy radiation dose to the target tumor. On the day of vaccination, the indicated dose of autologous DCs was injected into the irradiated tumor using ultrasound-guided needle injection procedures. A total of four vaccinations were scheduled at three 2-week intervals and one 4 week interval at the Dong-A University and Busan National University Hospital. If the tumor status was deemed to be stable or responding to therapy, an additional vaccination dose or two was approved at 4 week intervals beyond the fourth immunization. A tolerance test for DCs was conducted by injecting a range of doses (3×106 to 12×106 DCs) after the 3rd injection. Moreover, the maximal tolerable dose was applied to additional patients. Treatment safety was evaluated in all patients who had at least one injection. Treatment feasibility was evaluated by the 10th week by assessing the response of patients having at least 4 injections. For systemic toxicities, the evaluation was performed using the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria, whereas adverse effects were recorded using common WHO toxicity criteria. Results: Of the 24 registered patients, 22 received the DCs injections. Moreover, of the 14 patients that applied for the tolerance test, only 11 patients completed it because 3 patients withdrew their testing agreement. A grade 3 or more side effect, which was possibly related to the DC injection, did not occur in additional patients. The 12×106 DC injection was identified as the maximum tolerable dose, and was then injected in an additional 8 patients. Patients tolerated the injection fairly well, with no fatal side effects. In order to assess the feasibility of DC immunotherapy, the response was evaluated in other hepatic lesions outside of the targeted hepatic lesion. The response evaluation was performed in 15 of the 17 patients who received at least 4 injections. Stable and progressive disease was found in 4 and 11 patients, respectively. Conclusion: The DC-based immunotherapy and radiotherapy is theoretically synergistic for the local control and systemic control. The DCVac/IRⓇ immunotherapy combined with irradiation was tolerable and safe in the evaluated cases of refractory colorectal cancer with multiple liver metastases. Future work should include well designed a phase II clinical trials

자기공명영상을 이용하여 측정한 정신분열병 환자의 상측두회 크기

정운섭,김석현,박용천,남정현,박동우 漢陽大學校 精神健康硏究 1999 精神健康硏究 Vol.18 No.-

老齡化社會에 對備한 高齡者 就業問題와 對策方案 硏究

金東燮 公州大學校 地域開發硏究所 1992 地域開發硏究論叢 Vol.1 No.1

On entering the industrial society, our society faced with the aging society due to the nuclear family and the extention of the average life expectancy. The objectives of the study were to review the problems and to suggest the strategies for the aged employment. The main findings from the study were as follows: 1) It has been inevitable to utlize the aged laborer since 1970s due to increasing life expectancy and changing attitude toward supporting of the aged. 2) Though life expectancy has been increased, the retiring age of laborer is more or less the same with that of 1960s. However, the majority of the aged is poor and the rate of the aged employment is very low. 3) The aged have reasons that they want to be employed, the reasons are, ①for making living expenses ② for enjoying working ③ for the health ④ for overcoming loneliness. 4) The kinds of job for the aged is varied. The aged can work all kinds of job except hard working by the young. 5) The enterprise shrink the aged employment due to the high wages, the lack of adaptability to new technoligy, and the weak of mental and physical function. 6) Compared with the young, the aged is lower in productivity, nevertheless, there is no evidence of differences in sincerity and responsibility. 7) Self-reliance effort by the aged for the aged employment is very weak and studies and polices by the government for the aged employment is very low. 8) The structure of population is changing. So, studies and policies by the government for the aged employment and self-reliance effort by the aged should be implemented. Based in the findings of the study, the followings should be carried out to enhance the aged employment. 1) Reducing the enterprise burden by improving seniority wage system for the extension of the retiring age. 2) Recommendating the aged re-employment by considering the will to work, the health and the work results of the aged. And giving the chance to work by the part time work and the contract work. 3) Growing technology ability by giving the chance of occupational tranning to the aged having the will to work. 4) Establishment of relevant policy institutions for the aged employment, and carring out the promotion law of the aged employment. 5) Supporting to enterprises employing the aged by taxing system. 6) Supporting to the the aged welfare factory and the aged industries for managing themselves. 7) Making the benefit system to households of supporting his the aged. 8) Widening the aged pansion.

지구차원에서 도심건축물의 개발규모 관리방식에 관한 국제비교 연구

정동섭,양윤재,이정형 대한건축학회 2005 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.21 No.3

The purpose of this study is to analyze the methods of the Building Envelope Design in foreign cities. The Study is especially focused on the Integrated Control Methods of Building Envelope Plan as District Level in a commercial area. In generally, There have been the methods to control development density such as FAR, BCR, Building Height to manage efficiently urban land-use in district Level. However, each element of the methods has been separately adapted to urban management plans, Urban Design Guidelines, District Detailed Plans, and even Zoning. Moreover, there have been suggested some limits to adjust them to control the contemporary building density and form. Therefore, this paper defined the concept of the Building Envelope Design Control, sorted it out the guideline elements and suggested the control methods through the comparative analysis of the Envelope Plan of foreign cities.

도시노후지역에서 이해 관계자의 특성에 따른 정비방식의 효과성 분석과 적용가능성에 관한 연구

정동섭,배웅규,양윤재 대한건축학회 2005 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.21 No.3

The purpose of this study is to suggest the alternative methods of the improvement of residential environment, focusing on the Incumbent Upgrading, through the participation of the interested parties in a site. One of the critical issues in the improvement of the residential area is re-dwelling of the tenant. However, there has not been considered it in the design process. At the results of those kinds of residential developments, there have resulted in side-effects, disharmonious of either urban landscape or urban grain, the lack of Infra-structure, and even effected on a negative influence in terms of social aspects such as free-rider, unequal distribution of development profit, and so on. Consequently, this study focused on the design solution for the improvement of a residential area considering the grain, the tenant, and defined the effectiveness of the alternatives by comparing it with existing design approaches in the aspects of physical factors.

오존 발생기용 전원장치 개발 및 특성에 관한 연구

김동희,이달해,성현직,오승훈,이봉섭,배상준 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1997 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.25 No.1

The power semiconductor switching devices(PSSD) continuously developed, Power Electronic Technology using PSSD is gradually extended. The high frequency inverter to generate the large power high frequency subject to power electronic technology pursuit various application. Also, in emboss with environmental destruction problem cause the atmosphere and the water pollution to growth of the commercial society, the research in favor of cleansing environmental a pollutant actively proceed. Cause of having a strong oxygenization in the physical world, the ozone has sterillization effect predominantly against virus, bacteria, etc and has application in decolorization, deodorization, food storage and air cleansing and has a merit that does not cause the secondary pollution by being restored to oxygen lastly. Therefore, This project describe study on the ozone generation power supply using the high frequency electric field method and the lamp type ozone generator using photochemistry, one of method of generate ozone.

허혈성 신경손상기전 연구를 위한 기관형적 해마조직절편배양 인공 허혈모델

이무섭,민경수,김동호 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 1999 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.9 No.2

연구목적: 허혈성 신경손상의 연구에 있어서 유용한 방법으로서 쥐의 뇌 해마 조직을 잘라내어 얇은 조직 절편을 만들어 배양하고 인공적으로 저산소 상태를 만들어서 허혈성 신경손상의 연구에 사용 가능한 모델을 만들고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 생후 4-7일 된 쥐의 뇌에서 해마를 제거하고 조직절단기를 이용하여 400-500㎛정도 두께의 횡절편을 만든다. 이 절편을 투명한 계면막에 옮긴 뒤 배양액 내에서 36.5℃, 90-100% 습도, 5% CO₂의 조건하에서 약 2주간 배양한다. 배양 온도를 철저히 유지하면서 조직절편을 무산소방에 약 35분간 넣고 현미경을 이용하여 해마의 CA1 부위의 신경세포 손상의 정도를 관찰한다. propidium iodide를 함유한 배양액내에서 48시간 배양 후 조직편의 손상 정도를 도립형광현미경으로 관찰하면서 영상으로 컴퓨터에 저장한다. 조직을 무산소방내에 약 3시간정도 넣어 해마의 CA1 부위에 100%의 손상을 만들고 그 영상을 저장한다. 3시간 무산소처리후의 영상과 초기 영상을 비교하여 손상의 정도를 결정한다. 결과: 어린 쥐의 기관형적 해마조직절편배양은 저자들이 사용한 조건하에서 2주 이상 안정되게 유지되었으며, 무산소방에서 약 35분 정도 처리함으로써 해마의 CA1 부위에 40-70%의 일관성 있는 신경세포 손상을 유발할 수 있었다. 그리고 propidium iodide를 이용한 형광강도를 영상분석 소프트웨어를 이용하여 비교측정함으로써 신경세포손상의 정도를 정량적으로 측정할 수 있었다. 결론: 상기 방법을 사용하여 허혈성 신경손상의 기전연구에 유용한 모델을 만들 수 있었는데 생체모델과 달리 다양한 생리적 변수를 조절할 수 있고, 해마내의 신경세포간 연결이 유지되어 있는 아주 우수한 관내 실험방법으로 생각된다. Purpose: The authors tried to make useful in vitro artificial ischemia model using organotypic cultures of the rat hippocampus and anoxic chamber for the study of the mechanisms of ischemic neuronal injury. Materials and Methods: Hippocampal slices were prepared from 4 to 7 day old neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats by removing the brain, dissecting the hippocampal formation and making transverse slices(400-500 ㎛) using a tissue slicer. Individual slices were transferred onto the transparent Acocell interface membranes with the growth medium and grown at 36.5℃ in atmosphere with 90 to 100% humidity and 5% CO2 for 2 weeks. The cultures were transferred into an anoxic chamber at 36.5℃ for 35 minutes. The first imaging of the cultures, following the ischemic insult, was done after 48 hours of incubation with propidium iodide. Forty eight hours after the initial ischemic insult, the remaining neurons were killed by exposing the cultures to 3 hours of anoxia. The fluorescent intensity associated with 100% damage to CA1 was then determined and compared to the fluorescent intensity following the original ischemic insult. Results: We could make excellent organotypic hippocampal slice cultures which were stable over 2 weeks. Thirty five minutes artificial ischemic insult in the anoxic chamber resulted in 40 to 70% neuronal death in the CA1 of the rat hippocampal slice cultures. The amount of neuronal death was quantified by measuring the propidium iodide fluorescent intensity with the aid of image analysis software. Conclusion: Artificial ischemia model using organotypic cultures of the rat hippocampus was excellent in vitro technique which had retained much of the anatomy, synaptic circuitry as the intact hippocampus, and had eliminated some of the confounding physiologic variables. And this model must be a very important tool for the study of the mechanisms of ischemic neuronal injury.

신세대 대학생의 도덕의식 조사 연구

김동섭 公州大學校 産業開發硏究所 1998 産業開發硏究 Vol.6 No.-

Undergraduates who were born in Korea in 1970's have different moral consciousness comparing to one their parent's generation because of the rapid growth of economy and introduction of various kinds of foreign culture. This study is based on a survey from 500 of undergraduates, who are from all over the country and attending the Kongju National University, and a statistical analysis with significance level of 5% was performed. According to the survey, the undergraduates showed healthy moral consciousness on contrary to what had been expected and it can be summarized as follows; 1)the spirit of filial piety and respect should not be changed. 2)the degree of respect toward elderly people is still very high. 3)deep concering about supporing elderly parents was observed, 4)the most popular desired number of children is two. 4)to promote public welfare for popular desired number of children is two. 5) to promote public welfare for elderly people, enhancing the public welfare system and promoting nationwide attention toward respecting elderly ones were chosen as major concerns, and 6) as issues need to be stressed for moral education for the youngsters, manners related to respecting elderly ones, respecting others and selecting polite terms and keeping promises and time were chosen. Based on the study, in order to promote the moral consciousness of the undergraduates with changes of the times, establishing solid policies and showing concerns and guidance from the older generation are desired.

자속 분포학습에 의한 영구자석 동기전동기의 토오크 리플 저감

이동희,송달섭,원태현 동의공업대학 2001 論文集 Vol.27 No.1

PMSM drives are widely used in the industrial and residential applications because of high efficiency, high power density and high performance. For better performance of PMSM, however, torque ripples should be reduced. This paper investigates a reduction of torque ripple due to the unsinusoidal flux linkage produced by the shapes of stator slot and magnetic pole. To minimize torque ripple, a simple flux estimator is proposed. This method interactively compensates the distributed flux linkage from an error between the measured and estimated currents. The proposed algorithm is verified through simulation.