한국(韓國)마라톤 기록향상(記錄向上)에 관한 연구(硏究)

원종세 ( Jong Se Won ),이동옥 ( Dong Ok Lee ) 건국대학교 교육연구소 1993 교사와 교육(구 교육논집) Vol.17 No.-

The purpose of this study was to suggest an experimental target records for elite marathon runners for the next 10 years in Korea. The subjects were elite class male marathon runners participation in the Dong-ah Marathon Events and Cho-il Marathon Events during the past decade in Korea. During the past 10 years, marathon records have made tremendous stride in the area of developing and training elite marathoners. Results of this study may be helpful in planning strategies and making policy towerds the development of marathon in Korea in the coming years. The results of this study were as follows; 1. During the past 10 years (1983~1992), Dong-ah Marathon records was improved 1.81373 percent, and Cho-il Marathon records was improved 2.4925 percent. 2. The top records of Dong- ah Marathon will be 2° 07`09" for the next 10 years, and the top record of Cho-il Marathon will be 2° 07`59" for the next 10 years.

Cation Size Effect on the Framework Structures in a Series of New Alkali-Metal Indium Selenites, AIn(SeO₃)₂ (A = Na, K, Rb, and Cs)

Lee, Dong Woo,Kim, Saet Byeol,Ok, Kang Min American Chemical Society 2012 Inorganic Chemistry Vol.51 No.15

<P>A new family of quaternary alkali-metal indium selenites, AIn(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (A = Na, K, Rb, and Cs) have been synthesized, as crystals and pure polycrystalline phases through standard solid-state and hydrothermal reactions. The structures of the reported materials have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. While AIn(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (A = Na, K, and Rb) crystallize in the orthorhombic space group, <I>Pnma</I>, with three-dimensional framework structures, CsIn(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> crystallizes in the trigonal space group, <I>R</I>3̅<I>m</I>, with a two-dimensional structure. All of the reported materials, however, share a common structural motif, a network of corner-shared InO<SUB>6</SUB> octahedra and SeO<SUB>3</SUB> groups. Interestingly, the size of the alkali-metal cations profoundly influences the bonding nature of the SeO<SUB>3</SUB> group to the InO<SUB>6</SUB> octahedra. Complete characterizations including infrared spectroscopy, elemental analyses, and thermal analyses for the compounds are also presented, as are dipole moment calculations. A detailed cation size effect on the framework structure is discussed.</P><P>A series of new alkali-metal indium selenites materials, AIn(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (A = Na, K, Rb, and Cs) have been synthesized by standard solid-state and hydrothermal reactions. While the AIn(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (A = Na, K, and Rb) exhibit 3D framework structures, CsIn(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> shows a 2D layered structure. Cation size plays an important role in determining the framework structures of the materials.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/inocaj/2012/inocaj.2012.51.issue-15/ic301316r/production/images/medium/ic-2012-01316r_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ic301316r'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Rapid Collection of Opinions from Healthcare Professionals in Multiple Institutions Using Short Message Service and Google Forms

Lee, Wonwoong,Shin, Soo-Yong,Seo, Dong-Woo,Sohn, Chang Hwan,Ryu, Jeong Min,Lee, Jae Ho,Kim, Won Young,Oh, Bum Jin,Hong, Sung Ok,Lim, Kyoung Soo Korean Society of Medical Informatics 2017 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.23 No.2

Development of Autonomous Sprayer Considering Tracking Performance on Geometrical Complexity of Ground in Greenhouse

( Dong Hoon Lee ),( Kyou Seung Lee ),( Yong Jin Cho ),( Je Yong Lee ),( Sun Ok Chung ) 한국농업기계학회 2012 바이오시스템공학 Vol.37 No.5

Purpose: Some of the most representative approaches are to apply next generation technologies to save energy consumption, fully automated control system to appropriately maintain environmental conditions, and autonomous assistance system to reduce labor load and ensure operator`s safety. Nevertheless, improvement of upcoming method for soil cultured greenhouse has not been sufficiently achieved. Geometrical complexity of ground in protected crop cultivation might be one of the most dominant factors in design of autonomous vehicle. While there is a practical solution fairly enough to promise an accurate travelling, such as autonomous sprayer guided by rail or induction coil, for various reasons including the limitation of producer`s budget, the previously developed sprayer has not been widely distributed to market. Methods: In this study, we developed an autonomous sprayer considering travelling performance on geometrical complexity of ground in soil cultured greenhouse. To maintain a stable travelling and to acquire a real time feedback, common wire with 80 mm thick and body frame and sprayer boom. To evaluate performance of the prototype, tracking performance, climbing performance and spraying boom`s uniform leveling performance were individually evaluated by corresponding experimental tests. Results: The autonomous guidance system was proved to be sufficiently suitable for accurate linear traveling with RMS as lower than approximately 10 cm from designated path. Also the prototype could climb 10° of ground`s slope angle with 40 kg of water weight. Uniform leveling of spraying boom was successfully performed within 0.5° of sprayer boom`s slope. Conclusions: Considering more complex pathways and coarse ground conditions, evaluations and improvements of the prototype should be performed for promising reliability to commercialization.

Off-Road Machinery Systms Engineering : The Evaluation of a General Purpose Bale System Performance and Its Bale Quality

( Dong Il Chang ),( Sun Ok Chung ),( Byoung Kwan Cho ),( Dong Seok Park ),( Nam Seok Sung ),( Jung Chul Kim ),( In Hyun Lee ),( Ju Take Park ) 한국농업기계학회 2013 바이오시스템공학 Vol.38 No.4

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to develop a general purpose baler system that is appropriate for the domestic forage cultivation environment and operated by the medium size tractor for production of bale silage made of green forage crops, and to test its performance. Methods: In a first experiment, the time of formation per one bale and densities of bales that are produced from bale system, were measured. In a second experiment, power requirement was measured by a power measurement system manufactured during bale system work. Results: The power measurement system was constructed with strain-gage sensors to measure torque of a PTO axle and proximity sensor to measure rotating speed of a PTO axle. Thus, the power requirement was calculated by PTO torque and PTO rotating speed. For evaluation of bale quality, the samples of bales were analyzed for contents of moisture, ADF, NDF and TDN. Conclusions: If the results of this study will be utilized, the coefficient of utilization of agricultural machinery will be increased by the operation of a medium size tractor that is a major disseminated tractor in farm, and it will contribute tremendously to make a forage production base for livestock farms.

Na_1.4InTe_3.6O_9.4: New Variant of a Hexagonal Tungsten Oxide (HTO)-Like Layered Framework Containing Both a Main-Group Cation, In³⁺, and a Lone-Pair Cation, Te⁴⁺

Lee, Dong Woo,Ok, Kang Min American Chemical Society 2013 Inorganic Chemistry Vol.52 No.11

<P>A novel hexagonal tungsten oxide (HTO)-like layered framework containing a main-group cation, In<SUP>3+</SUP>, and a lone-pair cation, Te<SUP>4+</SUP>, is reported. Na<SUB>1.4</SUB>InTe<SUB>3.6</SUB>O<SUB>9.4</SUB> exhibits a layered structure consisting of InO<SUB>6</SUB>, TeO<SUB>3</SUB>, and TeO<SUB>4</SUB> polyhedra. The synthesis, crystal structure determination, characterization, and reactivity of the material will be presented.</P><P>The first hexagonal tungsten oxide (HTO)-like layered framework containing both a main-group cation from the p block, In<SUP>3+</SUP>, and a lone-pair cation, Te<SUP>4+</SUP>, has been synthesized and characterized. The layered material changes to the three-dimensional framework in a dilute acidic solution.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/inocaj/2013/inocaj.2013.52.issue-11/ic4009152/production/images/medium/ic-2013-009152_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ic4009152'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Tumor suppressor p16^INK4a inhibits cancer cell growth by downregulating eEF1A2 through a direct interaction

Lee, Mee-Hyun,Choi, Bu Young,Cho, Yong-Yeon,Lee, Sung-Young,Huang, Zunnan,Kundu, Joydeb Kumar,Kim, Myoung Ok,Kim, Dong Joon,Bode, Ann M.,Surh, Young-Joon,Dong, Zigang The Company of Biologists Limited 2013 Journal of cell science Vol.126 No.16

Clinical Trials of Interferon-gamma in Treating Warts

Lee, Suk Woo,Houh, Dong,Kim, Hyung Ok,Kim, Chung Won,Kim, Tae Yoon Korean Dermatological Association 1990 Annals of Dermatology Vol.2 No.2

New Bismuth Selenium Oxides: Syntheses, Structures, and Characterizations of Centrosymmetric Bi₂(SeO₃)₂(SeO₄) and Bi₂(TeO₃)₂(SeO₄) and Noncentrosymmetric Bi(SeO<sub>3

Lee, Eun Pyo,Song, Seung Yoon,Lee, Dong Woo,Ok, Kang Min American Chemical Society 2013 Inorganic chemistry Vol.52 No.7

<P>Three new mixed metal selenium oxides materials, Bi<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>4</SUB>), Bi<SUB>2</SUB>(TeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>4</SUB>), and Bi(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)(HSeO<SUB>3</SUB>), have been synthesized by hydrothermal and solid-state reactions using Bi(NO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>·5H<SUB>2</SUB>O, SeO<SUB>2</SUB> (or TeO<SUB>2</SUB>), H<SUB>2</SUB>SeO<SUB>4</SUB>, and Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> as reagents. The reported materials have been structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. While Bi<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>4</SUB>) and Bi<SUB>2</SUB>(TeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>4</SUB>) are crystallographically centrosymmetric (CS), Bi(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)(HSeO<SUB>3</SUB>) crystallizes in a noncentrosymmetric (NCS) space group. The isostructural Bi<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>4</SUB>) and Bi<SUB>2</SUB>(TeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>4</SUB>) exhibit three-dimensional framework structures that are composed of BiO<SUB>6</SUB>, Se<SUP>4+</SUP>O<SUB>3</SUB> (or Te<SUP>4+</SUP>O<SUB>3</SUB>), and Se<SUP>6+</SUP>O<SUB>4</SUB> polyhedra. However, Bi(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)(HSeO<SUB>3</SUB>) exhibits corrugated layers that are composed of BiO<SUB>5</SUB>, Se<SUP>4+</SUP>O<SUB>3</SUB>, and Se<SUP>4+</SUP>O<SUB>2</SUB>(OH) polyhedra. All three materials contain local asymmetric coordination environments attributable to the lone pairs on the Bi<SUP>3+</SUP>, Se<SUP>4+</SUP>, and/or Te<SUP>4+</SUP> cations. Powder second-harmonic generation (SHG) measurements on NCS Bi(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)(HSeO<SUB>3</SUB>) using 1064 nm radiation indicate that the material has a SHG efficiency of approximately 20 times that of α-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> and is not phase-matchable (type 1). The origin and magnitude of the SHG efficiency of Bi(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)(HSeO<SUB>3</SUB>) is explained by determining the net direction of the polarizations arising from individual asymmetric polyhedra. Infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis, elemental analysis, and dipole moment calculations for the reported materials are also presented.</P><P>Three new bismuth selenium oxides, Bi<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>4</SUB>), Bi<SUB>2</SUB>(TeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>4</SUB>), and Bi(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)(HSeO<SUB>3</SUB>) have been successfully synthesized. Centrosymmetric Bi<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>4</SUB>) and Bi<SUB>2</SUB>(TeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>4</SUB>) exhibit three-dimensional framework structures, and noncentrosymmetric Bi(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)(HSeO<SUB>3</SUB>) shows a layered structure.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/inocaj/2013/inocaj.2013.52.issue-7/ic4002384/production/images/medium/ic-2013-002384_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ic4002384'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

New Selenites: Hydrothermal Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Characterization of Rb₃HGa₂(OH)₂(SeO₃)₄, Rb₃Ga₅(SeO₃)₈(HSeO₃)₂·0.5H<s

Lee, Dong Woo,Ok, Kang Min American Chemical Society 2013 Inorganic chemistry Vol.52 No.17

<P>Three new gallium selenites, Rb<SUB>3</SUB>HGa<SUB>2</SUB>(OH)<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>4</SUB>, Rb<SUB>3</SUB>Ga<SUB>5</SUB>(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>8</SUB>(HSeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>·0.5H<SUB>2</SUB>O, and RbGa(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>·H<SUB>2</SUB>O, have been synthesized by hydrothermal reactions using Rb<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB>, Ga(NO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>·<I>x</I>H<SUB>2</SUB>O, and SeO<SUB>2</SUB> as reagents. Rb<SUB>3</SUB>HGa<SUB>2</SUB>(OH)<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>4</SUB> consists of unidimensional corner-linked chains of GaO<SUB>4</SUB>(OH)<SUB>2</SUB> that are connected by a SeO<SUB>3</SUB> group, whereas Rb<SUB>3</SUB>Ga<SUB>5</SUB>(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>8</SUB>(HSeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>·0.5H<SUB>2</SUB>O and RbGa(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>·H<SUB>2</SUB>O exhibit three-dimensional frameworks consisting of three, mutually perpendicular, eight-membered rings (8-MRs). In all three reported materials, Se<SUP>4+</SUP> is in an asymmetric coordination environment attributable to the stereoactive lone pair. Ion-exchange reactions, infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis, elemental analysis, and dipole moment calculations for the reported materials are also presented. Crystal data: Rb<SUB>3</SUB>HGa<SUB>2</SUB>(OH)<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>4</SUB>, orthorhombic, space group <I>Cmca</I> (No. 64), with <I>a</I> = 7.17890(10) Å, <I>b</I> = 18.0925(2) Å, <I>c</I> = 12.6972(2) Å, and <I>Z</I> = 4; Rb<SUB>3</SUB>Ga<SUB>5</SUB>(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>8</SUB>(HSeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>·0.5H<SUB>2</SUB>O, triclinic, space group <I>P</I>-1 (No. 2), with <I>a</I> = 10.7727(2) Å, <I>b</I> = 12.5372(3) Å, <I>c</I> = 12.6952(3) Å, α = 87.210(10)°, β = 85.447(10)°, γ = 72.519(10)°, and <I>Z</I> = 2; RbGaSe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>6</SUB>·H<SUB>2</SUB>O, triclinic, space group <I>P</I>-1 (No. 2), with <I>a</I> = 8.7027(6) Å, <I>b</I> = 9.7622(7) Å, <I>c</I> = 15.3347(14) Å, α = 105.622(4)°, β = 90.210(4)°, γ = 116.385(2)°, and <I>Z</I> = 2.</P><P>Three new mixed-metal selenites, Rb<SUB>3</SUB>HGa<SUB>2</SUB>(OH)<SUB>2</SUB>(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>4</SUB>, Rb<SUB>3</SUB>Ga<SUB>5</SUB>(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>8</SUB>(HSeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>·0.5H<SUB>2</SUB>O, and RbGa(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>·H<SUB>2</SUB>O, have been successfully synthesized. The open-framework material, RbGa(SeO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>·H<SUB>2</SUB>O, shows a robust ion-exchange behavior as well as reversible dehydration/rehydration properties.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/inocaj/2013/inocaj.2013.52.issue-17/ic4013894/production/images/medium/ic-2013-013894_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ic4013894'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>