중국의 固體廢物汚染放置法

노청석,최동일 한국환경법학회 2004 環境法 硏究 Vol.26 No.3

This is a study on the Act on the Control of Solid Wastes of China. An outlines of this study is as follows : China is called as ‘factory of the world’ lately due to economy development which is caused by reform and opening policy, practical economy policy. In economy development process, China government is getting into trouble about the control of solid wastes. Developing Cities yield refuses of life, industrial wastes, dangerous wastes. Its disposal is connected directly with cities' survival. In order to solve this problem, Government have established 'Act on the Control of Solid Wastes' which is fundamental Act on solid wastes disposal in 1995, and 'Interim regulation on the Environment Protection Control of Waste Import', 'Regulation on the Control of Medical Waste', 'Measures on the Control of City's Radiation', 'Act on the Control of Radiation Pollution', 'Measures on the Control of Medical Instrument and Waste' and so on. These statutory laws adopted 'reclamation' as a main disposal means, but will adopt 'incineration' in future. And special provisions have been established for dangerous wastes and radiation wastes. Government will expand investment in this part. But most important policy is prior protection. We must make an effort to reduce a waste and recycle for sound and sustainable development.

Function of Rhs proteins in porcine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli PCN033

Lu Wenjia,Tan Jia,Lu Hao,Wang Gaoyan,Dong Wenqi,Wang Chenchen,Li Xiaodan,Tan Chen 한국미생물학회 2021 The journal of microbiology Vol.59 No.9

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is an important zoonotic pathogen that places severe burdens on public health and animal husbandry. There are many pathogenic factors in E. coli. The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a nano-microbial weapon that can assemble quickly and inject toxic effectors into recipient cells when danger is encountered. T6SSs are encoded in the genomes of approximately 25% of sequenced Gram-negative bacteria. When these bacteria come into contact with eukaryotic cells or prokaryotic microbes, the T6SS assembles and secretes associated effectors. In the porcine ExPEC strain PCN033, we identified four classic rearrangement hotspot (Rhs) genes. We determined the functions of the four Rhs proteins through mutant construction and protein expression. Animal infection experiments showed that the Δrhs-1CT, Δrhs-2CT, Δrhs-3CT, and Δrhs-4CT caused a significant decrease in the multiplication ability of PCN033 in vivo. Cell infection experiments showed that the Rhs protein is involved in anti-phagocytosis activities and bacterial adhesion and invasion abilities. The results of this study demonstrated that rhs1, rhs3, and rh4 plays an important role in the interaction between PCN033 and host cell. Rhs2 has contribution to cell and mice infection. This study helps to elucidate the pathogenic mechanism governing PCN033 and may help to establish a foundation for further research seeking to identify potential T6SS effectors.

Attenuation of Experimental Autoimmune Hepatitis in Mice with Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Carrying MicroRNA-223-3p

Lu, Feng-Bin,Chen, Da-Zhi,Chen, Lu,Hu, En-De,Wu, Jin-Lu,Li, Hui,Gong, Yue-Wen,Lin, Zhuo,Wang, Xiao-Dong,Li, Ji,Jin, Xiao-Ya,Xu, Lan-Man,Chen, Yong-Ping Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2019 Molecules and cells Vol.42 No.12

MicroRNA-223-3p (miR-223-3p) is one of the potential microRNAs that have been shown to alleviate inflammatory responses in pre-clinical investigations and is highly encased in exosomes derived from bone mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-exosomes). MSC-exosomes are able to function as carriers to deliver microRNAs into cells. Autoimmune hepatitis is one of the challenging liver diseases with no effective treatment other than steroid hormones. Here, we examined whether MSC-exosomes can transfer miR-223-3p to treat autoimmune hepatitis in an experimental model. We found that MSC-exosomes were successfully incorporated with miR-223-3p and delivered miR-223-3p into macrophages. Moreover, there was no toxic effect of exosomes on the macrophages. Furthermore, treatments of either exosomes or exosomes with miR-223-3p successfully attenuated inflammatory responses in the liver of autoimmune hepatitis and inflammatory cytokine release in both the liver and macrophages. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of miR-223-3p level and STAT3 expression in the liver and macrophages. These results suggest that MSC-exosomes can be used to deliver miR-223-3p for the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis.

MORPHOMETRICS OF PLASMOPORELLA(HELIOLITID; UPPER ORDOVICIAN, SOUTH CHINA)

Lu Liu,Dong-Chan Lee,Dong-Jin Lee 한국고생물학회 2011 고생물학회지 Vol.27 No.2

Identifying a Cinnamoyl Coenzyme A Reductase (CCR) Activity with 4-Coumaric Acid: Coenzyme A Ligase (4CL) Reaction Products in Populus tomentosa

Dong-Dong Wang,Hua Bai,Wei-Qi Chen,Hai Lu,Xiang-Ning Jiang 한국식물학회 2009 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.52 No.5

A cinnamoyl coenzyme A reductase (CCR, EC 1.2.1.44), one of the key enzyme involved in lignin biosynthesis, was cloned from Populus tomentosa (Chinese white poplar). At the same time, a 4CL1 gene was cloned from P. tomentosa, too. The two genes were subcloned in pQE31 vector and expressed in Escherichia coli M15. Both of them were purified by Ni-NTA. Purified CCR protein was digested by trypsin and analyzed by HPLC-MS; the peptide segments had 27% similarity with the sequence of the CCR protein. 4CL was thought to be a neighbor enzyme of CCR in lignin biosynthesis. In this paper, a 4CL1 from P. tomentosa was cloned, and its enzyme reaction products were extracted for the substrates of CCR. Three 4CL1 enzyme reaction products were monitored by HPLC-MS and then the CCR enzyme reaction was detected by GC-MS. In the CCR reaction, the three corresponding aldehyde (p-coumaraldehyde, caffealdehyde, and coniferaldehyde) were detected and identified by Frontier3 software. The results showed that the CCR that we cloned from P. tomentosa had affinities with 4CL1 enzyme reaction products and a ptCCR that was cloned from aspen (Li et al., Plant Cell Physiol 46(7):1073–1082, 2005) only had affinity with feruloyl-CoA. The different results maybe depend on the different study method. The method of exacting 4CL enzyme products as the substrates of CCR in the paper was reliable and can be used in lignin biosynthesis network to detect the enzymes in the neighborhood that depended on the polarity of the substrates and products. This CCR gene had eight homology sequence CCR gene when a BLAST was conducted in Populus trichocarpa genome database. The CCR homology genes in Populus suggested that some CCRs may take part in the lignin biosynthesis, too. The gene family would be the hot spot in the future study.

Theoretical Study on Interactions between N-Butylpyridinium Nitrate and Thiophenic Compounds

Lu, Renqing,Liu, Dong,Wang, Shutao,Lu, Yukun Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.6

By using density functional theory calculations, we have performed a systemic study on the electronic structures and topological properties of interactions between N-butylpyridinium nitrate ($[BPY]^+[NO_3]^-$) and thiophene (TS), benzothiophene (BT), dibenzothiophene (DBT), naphthalene (NAP). The most stable structure of $[BPY]^+[NO_3]^-$ ion pair indicates that hydrogen bonding interactions between oxygen atoms on $[NO_3]^-$ anion and C2-H2 on pyridinium ring play a dominating role in the formation of ion pair. The occurrence of hydrogen bonding, ${\pi}{\cdots}$H-C, and ${\pi}{\cdots}{\pi}$ interactions between $[BPY]^+[NO_3]^-$ and TS, BT, DBT, NAP has been corroborated at the molecular level. But hydrogen bonding and ${\pi}{\cdots}{\pi}$ interactions between $[BPY]^+[NO_3]^-$ and NAP are weak in terms of structural properties and NBO, AIM analyses. DBT is prior to adsorption on N-butylpyridinium nitrate ionic liquid.

Anti-cancer Activities of Anthocyanins of Vitis Coignetiae Pulliat in Human Hepatocelluar Carcinoma Cells

Dong Yeok Shin,Chi Young Jung,Dong Hoon Kim,Gi Young Kim,강호성,류충호,Soon Chan Hong,Sung Chul Shin,최영현,이원섭,Jing Nan Lu,정진명,Woo Song Ha 대한암예방학회 2009 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4

Anthocyanins belong to a class of flavonoids, exhibiting some of the anti-tumor activities: antiangiogenesisand anti-invasive activity. Recently, the anthocyanins from the Fruit of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat(Meoru in Korea, AIMs) have been reported to have anti-cancer activities. Here, we tested the anti-cancereffects of AIMs in human hepatocelluar carcinoma cells (Hep3B and HepG2 cells). The AIMs inhibitedthe proliferation of the cells in a dose dependent manner. Hep3B cells were more sensitive to AIMs. The AIMs induced apoptosis through the loss of MMP (ΔΨm). The AIMs inhibited the motility andinvasion of the cells in wound healing test and Matrigel-invasion assay, respectively. The anti-migratoryand anti-invasive activities of AIMs were superior to the anthocyanins isolated from black bean. Inconclusion, this study indicates that AIMs have apoptotic and anti-invasive effects on human hepatocellularcarcinoma cells. AIMs had stronger anti-invasive activity than the anthocyanins from coat of black beanon both Hep3B and HepG2 cells. This study provides evidence that the anthocyanins isolated from Meorumight be useful in the treatment of human hepatocelluar carcinoma.

MORPHOMETRICS OF PLASMOPORELLA : HELIOLITID; UPPER ORDOVICIAN, SOUTH CHINA

Lu Liu,Dong-Chan Lee,Dong-Jin Lee 한국고생물학회 2011 정기총회 및 학술발표회 Vol.2011 No.2

Stabilization of a Coupled ODE-wave System with Disturbances

Lu Lu,Yu-Long Zhang,Jun-Min Wang,Dong-Xia Zhao 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.3

This paper is devoted to stabilizing an ODE-PDE coupled system with boundary disturbance, where the PDE is chosen to be a wave equation with viscous damping. Applying the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) technic, the unknown disturbance is estimated by the extended state observer (ESO). Assuming the absence of disturbance, the dynamic boundary connection is designed. The methods of spectral analysis and separation of operator are applied, which ensures the Riesz basis property as well as the spectrum determined growth condition. The exponential stability of the coupled system without disturbance is then concluded. Finally, combining the disturbance estimation and the dynamic boundary connection, a feedback controller designed to stabilize the coupled system, and the closed-loop system is proved to be asymptotically stable.

Effect of nano-composite materials on repair of ligament injury in sports detoxification

Lu, Chunxia,Lu, Gang,Dong, Weixin,Liu, Xia Techno-Press 2022 Advances in nano research Vol.13 No.3

Extraordinary properties of nanocomposites make them a primary replacement for many conventional materials. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, which is a frequent surgery in sport activities, is one of the fields in which nanocomposites could be utilized. In the present study, the mechanical properties of different porous scaffolds made from graphene nano-composites are presented ad load bearing capacity of these materials is calculated using finite element method. The numerical results are further compared with experimental published data. In addition, several geometrical and material parameters are analyzed to find the best configuration of nanocomposite scaffolds in reconstruction of ACL. Moreover, coating of detoxification chemicals are extremely easier on the nano-structured materials than conventional one. Detoxification potential of nano-composites in the injured body are also discussed in detail. The results indicated that nano-composite could be successfully used in place of auto- and allografts and also instead of conventional metallic screws in reconstruction of ACL.