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Dogar, Salahuddin,Kim, Soo Min,Kim, Sam Dong American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.16 No.10
<P>We present the first active high-performance ultraviolet (UV) sensor based on aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN)/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NRs) selectively grown on the gate area by hydrothermal method. Faster response and recovery times (similar to 10 and similar to 190 ms) are obtained from the NR-gated sensors than those (similar to 270 and similar to 660 ms) of the seed-layer-gated devices by the periodic switching of the UV light under the same measurement conditions. This response speed is much superior to those of other ZnO nanostructure-based passive sensors, which exhibit much slower response times of several tens or hundreds of seconds. The NR-gated HEMT sensors show a very high responsivity of 1.1x10(5) A/W at a source optical power of 100 W and a wavelength of 300 nm, which is about one order higher than the best responsivity of a ZnO nanowire-based sensor reported to date. This improvement in responsivity and sensing speed is owing to the reduction in dimensionality with the ultra-high surface-to-volume ratio of the three-dimensional ZnO NR sensing structure and high performance characteristics of the AlGaN/GaN HEMTs.</P>
Dogar, Salahuddin,Khan, Waqar,Khan, Fasihullah,Kim, Sam-Dong Elsevier S.A. 2017 Thin Solid Films Vol.642 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this work, we examine the effect of NH<SUB>3</SUB> plasma post-treatment on the ultraviolet (UV) photo-response transient characteristics of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorod (NR)-gated AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) photodetectors. The recovery time of the detectors (180ms) was significantly reduced to 80ms by the NH<SUB>3</SUB> plasma-treatment for 180s, while no significant reduction in response time upon UV illumination is measured from the plasma-treated devices. The photoluminescence and X-ray diffraction reveals that continuous improvement in crystalline quality of NRs is observed with the plasma duration up to 180s. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement shows that the surface band bending of ZnO crystals is lowered with the corresponding plasma treatment.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> ZnO nanorod-gated AlGaN/GaN HEMT-based UV photodetectors </LI> <LI> Effects of NH<SUB>3</SUB> plasma treatment on the transient characteristics of photodetectors </LI> <LI> Crystalline quality and optical property improved by NH<SUB>3</SUB> plasma treatment </LI> <LI> Significant reduction of response time achieved by NH<SUB>3</SUB> plasma treatment </LI> </UL> </P>
Waqas Ahmed Dogar,Aish Muhammad,Gyoung-Rae Cho,Muhammad Hanif,Kazim Ali,Asad Farooq,Asma Akbar,Sajjad Ahmed,Hoyong Shin 한국국제농업개발학회 2023 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.35 No.2
An aeroponic seed potato production technology project has been established in Pakistan through the Technical Cooperation Project (TCP) between RDA-KOPIA and PARC. For sustainable potato production, producing high-quality and disease-free potato seeds is critical in Pakistan. The majority of the farmers recycle their own seeds or obtain them through informal ways. Consequently, tuber-borne illnesses proliferate, seeds deteriorate, and yield diminishes. To mitigate such problems, the country moved to sustainable seed potato production by adopting rapid seed multiplication strategies like the combination of tissue culturing with aeroponic seed production technology which is being evaluated as an alternative to traditional pre-basic seed production methods. A series of experiments were carried out to evaluate the shoot development and mini tuber production attributes between two cultivars, different plantlet size and planting period between October 27, 2021, and January 27, 2022, at the NARC aeroponic facility. A CRD design with three replications was used. The study aimed to compare the productivity by variety, plantlet size and planting period to improve aeroponic seed production technology in Pakistan. The results indicated that Lady Rosetta outperformed Asterix in terms of shoot growth and small tuber output. Early planting at an optimal temperature of 27 degrees Celsius in the daytime showed a substantial difference when compared to late planting in November and tuberization was commenced 50-55 days after transplantation. Furthermore, in an aeroponic seed potato production system, normal plantlets (8-10 cm) at the time of transplantation, performed better than medium and small plantlets. In a nutshell, it was determined that normal size plantlets (8-10 cm) of Lady Rosetta cultivar, planted at optimum time to plant showed best results in the aeroponic system at NARC, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Seby John,Syed Irteza Hussain,Bartlomiej Piechowski,Mohammad Asif Dogar 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2020 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.22 No.1
Objective: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is now an established treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with large vessel occlusion (LVO) within 6 hours. Since 2018, MT is also recommended from 6-24 hours after selecting with additional multimodal imaging including perfusion imaging. We sought to investigate patients with significant discrepancy in core infarct between computed tomography (CT) and CT perfusion (CTP). Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with AIS who were evaluated for MT using the RAPID software (IschemaView, Redwood City, CA, USA) from February 2018 to March 2019 were included. Cases with discrepancy between infarct volume on non-contrast CT and core volume (cerebral blood flow <30%) as analyzed by RAPID on CTP were analyzed. Results: In the study period, 635 patients were evaluated for acute stroke symptoms. Non-contrast head CT was performed in 635 patients, and CTP with RAPID software post processing was performed in 134 patients. Among the 134 patients, 8 (5.9%) patients had gross discrepancy in core infarct between CT and CTP, with underestimation of infarct by CTP. Evaluation of these cases shows that the likely reason for this discrepancy is recanalization of a LVO, which then leads to erroneously normal or gross underestimate of the core infarct volume determined from CTP post processing analysis. Conclusions: Recanalization of a LVO can lead to erroneously normal or gross underestimation of the core infarct as determined by post processing software analysis of CTP data. The whole composite of hyperacute CT imaging should be examined while making decisions. This caveat of perfusion imaging interpretation has not been reported previously.
Variability and Predictability of Summer Monsoon Rainfall over Pakistan
Adnan Muhammad,Khan Firdos,Rehman Nadia,Ali Shaukat,Hassan Sher Shah,Dogar Muhammad Mubashar,Mehmood Shahbaz,Hasson Shabehul 한국기상학회 2021 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.57 No.1
Rainfall variability associated with the South Asian Summer Monsoon has increased in recent decades, particularly at the northwestern monsoon margins over Pakistan, leading to more frequent and intense hydro-meteorological extremes that have adversely affected the agrarian economy, water and food security in the country. Devising effective strategies to ensure sustainable development in Pakistan thus requires that the monsoonal rainfall be predicted on an inter-annual scale. Here, we predicted the inter- and intra-annual variability of the monsoonal rainfall over Pakistan and its possible drivers using a linear statistical forecast model of the principal component (PC) regression analysis. For this purpose, highly correlated PCs of the National Centre for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) based sea level pressure, horizontal and meridional winds to the observed rainfall for the period 2001–2013 were ingested in a stepwise multiple regression model, which was further validated for the duration of 2014–2015. Our results suggest that featuring correlation coefficient, mean absolute error, mean bias, and root mean square error of 0.75, 42.23, −14.92 and 60.65, respectively, the model exhibits robust skill in predicting the inter-annual monsoonal rainfall variability at its extreme northwestern margins over Pakistan.
Manoj Kumar Reddy Somagutta,Lourdes Pormento Maria Kezia,Pousette Hamid,Alaa Hamdan,Muhammad Adnan Khan,Rockeven Desir,Rupalakshmi Vijayan,Saloni Shirke,Rishan Jeyakumar,Zeryab Dogar,Sarabjot Singh Ma 대한감염학회 2021 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.53 No.2
This study aims to assess anakinra's safety and efficacy for treating severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Numerous electronic databases were searched and finally 15 studies with a total of 3,530 patients, 757 in the anakinra arm, 1,685 in the control arm were included. The pooled adjusted odds ratio (OR) for mortality in the treatment arm was 0.34 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.21 - 0.54, I2 = 48%), indicating a significant association between anakinra and mortality. A significant association was found regarding mechanical ventilation requirements in anakinra group compared to the control group OR, 0.68 (95% CI, 0.49 - 0.95, I2 = 50%). For the safety of anakinra, we evaluated thromboembolism risk and liver transaminases elevation. Thromboembolism risk was OR, 1.59 (95% CI, 0.65 - 3.91, I2 = 0%) and elevation in liver transaminases with OR was 1.35 (95% CI, 0.61 - 3.03, I2 = 76%). Both were not statistically significant over the control group. Anakinra is beneficial in lowering mortality in COVID-19 patients. However, these non-significant differences in the safety profile between the anakinra and control groups may have been the result of baseline characteristics of the intervention group, and further studies are essential in evaluating anakinra's safety profile.
Aish Muhammad,Cho Gyoungrae,Iqbal Hussain,Kazim Ali,Muhammad Zeeshan,Saima Noor,Hina Hafeez,Shahid Hameed,Shahid Hameed,Cha Jaebeom,Waqas Ahmed Dogar 한국국제농업개발학회 2022 한국국제농업개발학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.09
Potato is an important cash crop of Pakistan and widely cultivated in plains and mountains of Punjab. Khyber Pakhtun Khawa Gilgit Baltistan, on an area of 0.313 million hectares in summer, autumn and spring with an annual production of 07.9 million tons. In Pakistan potato yield is 25.2 tons per hectare, which is although above the world average but comparatively low as compare to the potential and other advance potato growing countries because of several reasons. Availability of healthy seeds and advance production technology are the major constraints to achieve the higher potato production goals. It is very alarming that in spite of good position in potato growing countries, we are unable to produce good quality seed. In Pakistan >01% quality seed is available against the seed demand around 0.5-0.7 million tons per annum and mostly depend upon the imported seed 15000-20000 tons per annum. Tissue culture industry has been a proven global technology in potato seed production, so it is dire need of the growing population and climatic change to adopt these modern technologies of potato production for sustainable and higher production and income to contribute potato growing farmers of Pakistan. It is possible with the commercial use of tissue culture and allied techniques as aeroponic potato seed production along with good management and plant protection measures to provide indigenous high vigor and high yield potential potato seed. Pakistan Agricultural Research Council has established Aeroponic Potato Seed Production facility at National Agricultural Research Center with the collaboration of Korean Govt RDA-KOPIA Pakistan. The Aeroponics is a modern technology for growing plants by providing a nutrient solution in the air without soil. Plants grow rapidly in the growth chamber under the aseptic environment, balanced nutrition and sufficient oxygen availability that improves potatoes production in the aeroponic system. This can produce 10 times more yield than conventional production systems. Aeroponics techniques are credited for making potato yield more efficient, and can reduce the number of steps in the potato seed multiplication. Through tissue culture and aeroponics facilities development in Pakistan, first ever more than 200,000 nucleus mini harvested at NARC from the autumn 2021 and spring 2022 planation at KOPIA screen houses. Further seed multiplication from the harvest is under progress at up hills and more than 500,000 tubers (G1) are expected to be harvested during October-November 2022. It is very encouraging, impressive and successful venture of KOPIA at Pakistan for the potato seed production and self-sufficiency to insure food security in the country.