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Self-sustained n-Type Memory Transistor Devices Based on Natural Cellulose Paper Fibers
Rodrigo Martins,Luís Pereira,Pedro Barquinha,Nuno Correia,Gonçalo Gonçalves,Isabel Ferreira,Carlos Dias,Elvira Fortunato,N. Correia,M. Dionísio,M. Silva 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009 Journal of information display Vol.10 No.4
Reported herein is the architecture for a nonvolatile n-type memory paper field-effect transistor. The device was built via the hybrid integration of natural cellulose fibers (pine and eucalyptus fibers embedded in resin withionic additives), which act simultaneously as substrate and gate dielectric, using passive and active semiconductors, respectively, as well as amorphous indium zinc and gallium indium zinc oxides for the gate electrode and channel layer, respectively. This was complemented by the use of continuous patterned metal layers as source/drain electrodes.
Derterminants of Foreign Direct Investment Inflows in Senegal
Gorgui Dione,Ho-Jung Kang 한국무역연구원 2011 무역연구 Vol.7 No.3
The success stories of India, South Korea, and China’s economic development highlight the benefits that a country can get by utilizing a strategy that attracts and gains value from FDI. While FDI inflows have been increasing in some developing countries, Africa has not been successful except in natural-resource exploitation. Given the importance of FDI to Africa, an important question that arises is: How can Senegal increase its global share of FDI? Developing countries are increasingly aware of the role of foreign direct investment (FDI) as an engine of growth in their economies. Foreign investor can contribute to growth by providing much needed capital and skills, by sharing risks in large projects and by serving as a vehicle for technology transfer. For many developing countries, FDI is a mechanism by which to promote industries in which they have a potential comparative advantage that cannot otherwise be exploited. The purpose of this study is therefore to find determinants of FDI inflows in Senegal. To achieve this purpose, we collected data of 30-year periods, 1980-2009, based on data availability. And then performed the multiple regressions with SPSS 17.0. We have found that market size and infrastructure have positive effect on FDI inflows in Senegal significantly. But openness has no significant effect on FDI inflows in Senegal.
Global correction of projection estimators under local constraint
Comte F.,Dion C. 한국통계학회 2020 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.49 No.4
This paper presents a general methodology for nonparametric estimation of a function s related to a nonnegative real random variable X, under a constraint of type s(0) = c. When a projection estimator of the target function is available, we explain how to modify it in order to obtain an estimator which satisfes the constraint. We extend risk bounds from the initial to the new estimator, and propose and study adaptive procedures for both estimators. The example of cumulative distribution function estimation illustrates the method for two diferent models: the multiplicative noise model (Y = XU is observed, with U following a uniform distribution) and the additive noise model (Y = X + V is observed where V is a nonnegative nuisance variable with known density).
Patrick N. Bisimwa,Michel Dione,Bisimwa Basengere,Ciza Arsène Mushagalusa,Lucilla Steinaa,Juliette Ongus 대한수의학회 2021 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.22 No.3
Background: African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious viral disease of domestic pigs that presents as a hemorrhagic fever, and for which no effective vaccine is available. The disease has a serious negative social and economic impact on pig keepers. There is limited information on the potential risk factors responsible for the spread of ASF in South Kivu. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the potential risk factors associated with ASF infection in suspected ASF virus (ASFV)-infected pigs. Methods: We sampled whole blood from 391 pigs. Additionally, 300 pig farmers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Viral DNA was detected by using the real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. Results: The majority of pigs sampled, 78% (95% confidence interval [CI], 74.4–82.6), were of local breeds. Over half, 60.4% (95% CI, 55.5–65.2), were female, and most of them, 90.5% (95% CI, 87.6–93.4), were adult pigs (> 1 year old). Viral DNA was detected in 72 of the 391 sampled pigs, indicating an overall infection rate of 18.4% (95% CI, 14.5–22.4). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed several risk factors positively associated with ASFV infection: feeding with swill in pen (odds ratio [OR], 3.8; 95% CI, 2.12–6.77); mixed ages of pigs in the same pen (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.99–5.57); introduction of new animals to the farm (OR, 5.4; 95% CI, 1.91–15.28). The risk factors that were negatively (protective) correlated with ASFV positivity were the presence of male animals and the use of an in-pen breeding system. Conclusion: Local pig farmers should be encouraged to adopt proper husbandry and feeding practices in order to increase the number of ASF-free farms.
Biodegradable dexamethasone polymer capsule for long-term release
Avery Zheng,Thomas Waterkotte,Tilahun Debele,Gregory Dion,박윤지 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.2
We have developed sustained Dex (dexamethasone) capsule implants for sustained local delivery for inflammatory disease treatment. Four different biodegradable polymers were used as capsule materials: polycaprolactone (PCL), poly(lactic acid) (PLA), 90:10 poly(lactic-co-glycolide) (PLGA), and 50:50 PLGA. The drug release profiles from the four types of capsule were compared and the profiles were fit to a cylindrical reservoir first-order kinetics model. As a result, 50:50 PLGA showed the fastest release with the largest permeability and partition coefficient at 0.4909 nm/s and 1.9519, respectively. On the other hand, PCL showed the slowest release with the smallest permeability and partition coefficient at 0.1915 nm/s and 0.8872, respectively. The results indicate that the drug release kinetics are highly correlated with hydrophobicity of the polymer sheet: the more hydrophobic, the slower the drug release kinetics for the hydrophilic drug. The in vitro therapeutic efficacy of the Dex implant was also explored using TNF-α stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), showing effective suppression of IL-6 levels with the implant compared to free Dex with minimal toxicity. Overall, this study suggests that the release trend of Dex from implants follows the hydrophobicity of each polymer, and the Dex implant inhibits the IL-6 expression effectively.
Analyzing Crowdsourced Mobile Content: Do Games Make a Difference?
Pe-Than, Ei Pa Pa,Goh, Dion Hoe-Lian,Lee, Chei Sian Korea Institute of Science and Technology Informat 2017 Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice Vol.5 No.2
Populating information-rich online environments through crowdsourcing is increasingly becoming popular. One approach to motivate participation is via games. That is, a crowdsourcing game offers entertainment while generating useful outputs as byproducts of gameplay. A gap in current research is that actual usage patterns of crowdsourcing games have not been investigated thoroughly. We thus compare content creation patterns in a game for crowdsourcing mobile content against a non-game version. Our analysis of 3,323 contributions in both apps reveal 10 categories including those that conform to the traditional notion of mobile content created to describe locations of interest, and those that are social in nature. We contend that both types of content are potentially useful as they meet different needs. Further, the distribution of categories varied across the apps suggests that games shape behavior differently from non-game-based approaches to crowdsourcing.
Jin Ma,Heng Xiang,Danielle J. Donnelly,Fan-Rui Meng,Huimin Xu,Dion Durnford,Xiu-Qing Li 한국식물생명공학회 2017 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.11 No.5
Genome editing (also known as targeted mutation) has promise for molecular breeding. Compared with the CRISPR/Cas9 system, the transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) have likely a lesser off-target rate in genome editing. Both a rapid test system for the functionality of designed TALENs and an effective delivery system for introducing the TALENs to plants are critical for successful target mutation. TALENs have usually been tested in protoplasts or introduced to plants with viral vectors. However, plant regeneration from protoplast culture can generate extensive somatic variation. Viral vectors are not always available, and plants edited by these vectors usually require virus elimination. Here, we used a nonviral, Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression approach, to serve both rapid test and effective delivery of TALENs into two vegetatively propagated potato cultivars, Solanum tuberosum Russet Burbank and Shepody. Two TALENs with different molecular weights (22 and 27 aarepeat modules) were expressed to target two endogenous genes (starch branching enzyme and an acid invertase) by Agrobacterium-mediated infiltration (agroinfiltration) into leaves of potato plants. The infiltrated leaf DNA was analyzed using restriction site loss assay and subsequent DNA sequencing. Deep sequencing of these tetraploid cultivars was also conducted to determine the zygosity at the targeted chromosomal loci. TALENs, with different molecular weights, successfully agroinfiltrated and induced mutations at both targeted loci.