Physical Changes in Satsuma Mandarin Leaf after Infection of Elsinoë fawcettii Causing Citrus Scab Disease

Dilli Prasad Paudyal,현재욱 한국식물병리학회 2015 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.31 No.4

Citrus scab disease is one of the destructive diseases that reduce the value of fruit for the fresh market. We analyzed the process of symptom development after infection with scab pathogen Elsinoë fawcettii in the susceptible satsuma mandarin leaves to observe the structural modification against pathogen. The cuticle and epidermal cells along with 3–5 layers of mesophyll tissue were degraded 1–2 days post inoculation. Surrounding peripheral cells of degraded tissues grew rapidly and then enveloped the necrotic area along with the growing conidia. Cross sections through the lesion revealed hyphal colonization in epidermis and mesophyll tissues. In response to the pathogen colonization, host cell walls were lignified, inner cells were rapidly compartmentalized and a semi-circular boundary was formed that separated the infected region from the non-infected region, and finally prevented the intercellular pathogen spread.

Lack of any Prognostic Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Dilli, Utku Donem,Yildırim, Mustafa,Suren, Dinc,Alikanoglu, Arsenal,Kaya, Vildan,Goktas, Sevil,Yildiz, Mustafa,Sezer, Cem,Gunduz, Seyda Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

Background: The purpose of this study is to determine whether the IGF1R expression has a prognostic role in non-small cell lung cancer. Materials and Methods: Forty-seven patients histopathologically diagnosed with small cell lung cancer upon bronchoscopic biopsy or resection materials were included in the study. IGF1R expression was examined via immunohistochemical methods. In samples, >10% staining were assessed as positive and ${\leq}10%$ as negative. Information about demographic datas and treatments was obtained by retrospective searches of patient files. Results: IGF1R expression was determined as positive in 38 (80.9%) and as negative in 9 (19.1%) patients. There was no significant relation between IGF1R expression and histological sub-type, local invasion, lymph node and metastasis status (p=0.842, p=0.437, 0.064, 0.447, respectively). There was also no correlation with IGF1R expression and survival (p=0.141). Conclusions: There are conflicting results between IGF1R and its prognostic effects in the various studies. It has been claimed in some studies it is not related to prognosis as in our study, and in some studies it has been claimed that it is a good prognostic factor whereas in some studies it has been claimed as being a factor for worse prognosis. We think that IGF1R expression in non-small cell lung carcinoma patients deserves further analysis, because of its potential prognostic and predictive roles.

Ancient Life in Far west Nepal in 21st Century

Dilli Prasad Jaishi 한국물학회 2017 한국물학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Far-West Nepal is naturally beautiful and life is beautiful here. The culture is rich and relatively untouched, from the nomadic Rautes to the Rana Tharu, who travelled all the way from Rajasthan when the Moghuls invaded India. About 300 Km western from mountain area of Far west Nepal the life in Terai village is different. Every village here gives us experience of different feel with the maturity of the ethnic tribe lives. Tharu peopleare anethnic groupindigenousto the southern foothills of theHimalayas. Tharus here have their old culture and customs. Tharu community usually catches fish for food founding rivers. They prepare different dishes from fish. Shakhiya, Humra, Hutunguwa and Kathariya dances are main attraction of ancient salivations. The dress worn by them are typical and called Lehenga which is the ancient customs. Plough, Yoke, Leveler, Harrow, Mallot are the tillage implements tools of farmers. Khilna, Kudali are the intercultural operation tools of farmers. Sickle is the main harvesting tools. Wooden Pin, wooden pole, suhaga, bamboo basket(Kilta), tokri, hand mill (Jutaro/Jato), water mill (ghatta), winnower, sieve, sack, shearer, skinner and pineare the post harvest tools and implements. These are the ancient tools of agriculture system of farmers in far west Nepal still using. The ancient life in far west Nepal is the attraction to the world community where they can have unique experience of ancient life with all culture and customs in far west Nepal. To accomplish the different feel of every village in short time, the far west Nepal is an idol destination for experiencing the feeling of ancient life.

Physical Changes in Satsuma Mandarin Leaf after Infection of Elsinoë fawcettii Causing Citrus Scab Disease

Paudyal, Dilli Prasad,Hyun, Jae-Wook The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2015 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.31 No.4

Citrus scab disease is one of the destructive diseases that reduce the value of fruit for the fresh market. We analyzed the process of symptom development after infection with scab pathogen $Elsino{\ddot{e}}$ fawcettii in the susceptible satsuma mandarin leaves to observe the structural modification against pathogen. The cuticle and epidermal cells along with 3-5 layers of mesophyll tissue were degraded 1-2 days post inoculation. Surrounding peripheral cells of degraded tissues grew rapidly and then enveloped the necrotic area along with the growing conidia. Cross sections through the lesion revealed hyphal colonization in epidermis and mesophyll tissues. In response to the pathogen colonization, host cell walls were lignified, inner cells were rapidly compartmentalized and a semi-circular boundary was formed that separated the infected region from the non-infected region, and finally prevented the intercellular pathogen spread.

Biological Effect and Chemical Composition Variation During Self-Fermentation of Stored Needle Extracts from Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc.

Paudyal, Dilli P.,Park, Ga-Young,Hwang, In-Deok,Kim, Dong-Woon,Cheong, Hyeon-Sook The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2007 식물생명공학회지 Vol.34 No.4

Extract of Japanese red pine needles has been used in Asia pacific regions since long periods believing its valuable properties as tonic and ability of curing diseases of unidentified symptoms. Some selective compounds present in the extract and their effects were analyzed. Carbohydrates and vitamin c were identified using HPLC; terpenoid compounds by GC-MS; anti-bacterial analysis by paper discs, plates count and gastrointestinal motility by whole cell patch clamp. The extract is a mixture of compounds therefore its diverse effect was expected. Self-fermentation in extract proceeds after spontaneous appearance of yeast strains without inoculation. Effects and composition of the extract vary with varying period of self-fermentation. Extract inhibits the growth of bacteria dose dependently exhibiting its antibacterial properties however effectiveness increases with increase in fermentation period. The extract also can modulate gastrointestinal motility in murine small intestine by modulating pace maker currents in ICC mediated through ATP sensitive potassium channel.

The regulatory role of c-MYC on HDAC2 and PcG expression in human multipotent stem cells

Bhandari, Dilli Ram,Seo, Kwang-Won,Jung, Ji-Won,Kim, Hyung-Sik,Yang, Se-Ran,Kang, Kyung-Sun Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE Vol.15 No.7

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Myelocytomatosis oncogene (c-MYC) is a well-known nuclear oncoprotein having multiple functions in cell proliferation, apoptosis and cellular transformation. Chromosomal modification is also important to the differentiation and growth of stem cells. Histone deacethylase (HDAC) and polycomb group (PcG) family genes are well-known chromosomal modification genes. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of c-MYC in the expression of chromosomal modification <I>via</I> the HDAC family genes in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). To achieve this goal, c-MYC expression was modified by gene knockdown and overexpression <I>via</I> lentivirus vector. Using the modified c-MYC expression, our study was focused on cell proliferation, differentiation and cell cycle. Furthermore, the relationship of c-MYC with HDAC2 and PcG genes was also examined. The cell proliferation and differentiation were checked and shown to be dramatically decreased in c-MYC knocked-down human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs, whereas they were increased in c-MYC overexpressing cells. Similarly, RT-PCR and Western blotting results revealed that HDAC2 expression was decreased in c-MYC knocked-down and increased in c-MYC overexpressing hMSCs. Database indicates presence of c-MYC binding motif in HDAC2 promoter region, which was confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. The influence of c-MYC and HDAC2 on PcG expression was confirmed. This might indicate the regulatory role of c-MYC over HDAC2 and PcG genes. c-MYCs’ regulatory role over HDAC2 was also confirmed in human adipose tissue-derived MSCs and bone-marrow derived MSCs. From this finding, it can be concluded that c-MYC plays a vital role in cell proliferation and differentiation <I>via</I> chromosomal modification.</P>

Infection and symptom development by citrus scab pathogen Elsinoë fawcettii on leaves of satsuma mandarin

Paudyal, Dilli Prasad,Hyun, Jae-Wook,Hwang, Rok-Yeun Springer-Verlag 2017 European journal of plant pathology Vol.148 No.4

Interaction of brassinosteroids and cytokinin in modulating light mediated signaling in Arabidopsis

Indeok Hwang, Dilli P. Paudyal, Hyeonsook Cheong 조선대학교 기초과학연구원 2008 조선자연과학논문집 Vol.1 No.1

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a special class of plant steroid hormones that are essential for normal growth and development. Part of confusion is whether BRs are unique to plants, because they have overlapping physiological roles with other better-studied hormones and with physiological responses caused by light. In systems designed to assay for cytokinins, the effects of BRs vary. We measured hypocotyl length for testing the ability of brassinolide (BL) to rescue double mutant between det2 and the photoreceptor null mutant phytochrome B (phyB). PHYB involved in controlling hypocotyl elongation in increased concentration of BL whereas phyBdet2 double mutant just partially rescue to phyB in white and red light indicated the involvement of BRs in PHYB regulated cell elongation. BRs regulated hypocotyl growth was delayed by BAP, a cytokinin treatment but inhibitory effects of BAPs on hypocotyl growth was slightly recovered by BL. The result indicated that the mode of action of BR and cytokinin is independent or sequential in the downstream light-regulated response control on hypocotyl elongation and also light modulated the action of BR and cytokinin in some extent.

Biological Effect and Chemical Composition Variation During Self-Fermentation of Stored Needle Extracts from Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc.

정현숙,Dilli P. Paudyal,Gayoung Park,황인덕,Kim Dong-Woon 한국식물생명공학회 2007 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.4

Extract of Japanese red pine needles has been used in Asia pacific regions since long periods believing its valuable properties as tonic and ability of curing diseases of unidentified symptoms. Some selective compounds present in the extract and their effects were analyzed. Carbohydrates and vitamin c were identified using HPLC; terpenoid compounds by GC-MS; anti-bacterial analysis by paper discs, plates count and gastrointestinal motility by whole cell patch clamp. The extract is a mixture of compounds therefore its diverse effect was expected. Self-fermentation in extract proceeds after spontaneous appearance of yeast strains without inoculation. Effects and composition of the extract vary with varying period of self-fermentation. Extract inhibits the growth of bacteria dose dependently exhibiting its antibacterial properties however effectiveness increases with increase in fermentation period. The extract also can modulate gastrointestinal motility in murine small intestine by modulating pace maker currents in ICC mediated through ATP sensitive potassium channel.

Improved Method to Increase Conidia Production from Isolates of Different Pathotypes of Citrus Scab Pathogen Elsinoe spp

현재욱,Dilli Prasad Paudyal,황록연 한국식물병리학회 2015 식물병연구 Vol.21 No.3

Elsinoe fawcettii and E. australis are two currently recognized scab pathogens of citrus. E. fawcettii has at least six pathotypes while E. australis has at least two pathotypes. Colonies of E. fawcettii and E. australis do not sporulate in artificial media including potato dextrose agar (PDA). Whiteside’s method has been widely used for preparing conidial inoculum in vitro. This study was carried out to develop efficient method for conidia production from artificial media. We developed a shaking method which included the following steps: 1) Colony grown on PDA was mashed with a steel spatula; 2) Mycelia fragments were cultured in 50 ml sterilized rain water in a rotary shaker-incubator (180 rpm) at 25ºC for 24 h: 3) The conidia suspension was filtered through two layers of cheesecloth. Average conidia production of all isolates tested using this shaking method was approximately 13.1 times higher than that from Whiteside’s method in this study.