Pharmacotherapy and regional cerebral blood flow in children with obsessive compulsive disorder

Rasim Somer Diler,Mustafa Kibar,Ayse Avci 연세대학교의과대학 2004 Yonsei medical journal Vol.45 No.1

While regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) studies on adults involving the caudate, prefrontal, orbitofrontal, and cingulated areas have been reported, no such published data on children exist. In this study, we aimed to determine the significance of pre- and post-treatment regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) differences in children with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and compared them with healthy controls. Eighteen drug-free obsessive compulsive children, aged 11 to 15, without comorbid states except for anxiety disorders - participated in this study. The control group consisted of 12 children, aged 11 to 15, with no medical or psychiatric illnesses. Using SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography) scans with Technetium-99m-HMPAO-hexamethly propyleneamine oxime (Tc99mHMPAO), the rCBF was calculated in 15 regions of the control group according to a standard protocol, while in the study group, it was measured at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment with a fixed dose of paroxetine (20 mg qd). We compared the resulting pre- and post-treatment CBF values for the control group and study group. The right and left caudates, right and left dorsolateral prefrontals, and cingulate had significantly higher rCBF in children with obsessive compulsive disorder than in the control group. These areas, in addition to the right anteromedial temporal, showed significant rCBF reduction after treatment with paroxetine. The mean percentage of change in obsession scores during the treatment correlated significantly with the baseline and post- treatment rCBF level of the right caudate, post-treatment left caudate, and baseline left caudate. Our findings on children are consistent with adult studies and support the theory of a cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical loop disturbance in OCD.

T-786C, G894T, and Intron 4 VNTR (4a/b) Polymorphisms of the Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene in Bladder Cancer Cases

Polat, Fikriye,Diler, Songul Budak,Azazi, Irfan,Oden, Artun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.6

The aim of the present study was to determine whether endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene polymorphisms play a role in development of bladder cancer in the Turkish population. The study was performed on 75 patients (64 men, 11 women) with bladder cancer and 143 healthy individuals (107 men, 36 women) with any kind of cancer history. Three eNOS gene polymorphisms (T-786C promoter region, G894T and intron 4 VNTR 4a/b) were determined with polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment lenght polymorphism methods. In our study, GT and TT genotypes for eNOS G894T polymorphism were found to significantly vary among patients with bladder cancer and control group (OR: 0.185, CI: 0.078-0.439, p=0.0001 and OR: 0.324, CI: 0.106-0.990, p=0.026). Also, the frequency of the 894T allele was significantly higher in patients with bladder cancer (51%). No association was identified for eNOS T-786C and intron 4 VNTR 4a/b polymorphisms between patients with bladder cancer and control groups in our Turkish population.

Microstructure characterization and mechanical properties of Cr-Ni/ZrO₂ nanocomposites

Sevinc, O zlem,Diler, Ege A. Techno-Press 2022 Advances in nano research Vol.13 No.4

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr-Ni steel and Cr-Ni steel-matrix nanocomposites reinforced with nano-ZrO₂ particles were investigated in this study. Cr-Ni steel and Cr-Ni/ZrO₂ nanocomposites were produced using a combination of high-energy ball milling, pressing, and sintering processes. The microstructures of the specimens were analyzed using EDX and XRD. Compression and hardness tests were performed to determine the mechanical properties of the specimens. Nano-ZrO₂ particles were effective in preventing chrome carbide precipitate at the grain boundaries. While t-ZrO₂ was detected in Cr-Ni/ZrO₂ nanocomposites, m-ZrO₂ could not be found. Few α'-martensite and deformation bands were formed in the microstructures of Cr-Ni/ZrO₂ nanocomposites. Although nano-ZrO₂ particles had a negligible impact on the strength improvement provided by deformation-induced plasticity mechanisms in Cr-Ni/ZrO₂ nanocomposites, the mechanical properties of Cr-Ni steel were significantly improved by using nano-ZrO₂ particles. The hardness and compressive strength of Cr-Ni/ZrO₂ nanocomposite were higher than those of Cr-Ni steel and enhanced as the weight fraction of nano-ZrO₂ particles increased. Cr-Ni/ZrO₂ nanocomposite with 5wt.% nano-ZrO₂ particles had almost twofold the hardness and compressive strength of Cr-Ni steel. The nano-ZrO₂ particles were considerably more effective on particle-strengthening mechanisms than deformation-induced strengthening mechanisms in Cr-Ni/ZrO₂ nanocomposites.

Antibacterial Activity of Photodeposited Ag Nanoparticles on Cotton Fibers Enabled by Atomic Layer Deposition

Halil I. Akyildiz,Busra Aydemir Yilmaz,Sumeyye Diler 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.10

Atomic layer deposition is a low-temperature conformal thin film formation technique that can modify materials tocreate functional surfaces. In this study, ALD coatings onto fibrous structures were used to synthesize the Ag nanoparticleson the fibers, which can be used for a wide variety of applications. During the treatment, cotton fibers were coated with20 nm thick ZnO films via ALD, and Ag nanoparticles were deposited on top using a photochemical approach. As thesamples were analyzed with FESEM images, the ZnO film coatings were found conformal and crystalline with evident grainson the fiber surfaces. After the photodeposition process, the Ag particles were also grown conformal on ALD films withflake-like morphology. XRD analysis showed ZnO and Ag crystalline peaks were visible for the corresponding samples. XPSanalysis showed Ag deposition onto untreated cotton is due to ionic interactions whereas the presence of ZnO enablesmetallic nanoparticles formation. Antibacterial activity of the coating materials was tested using ISO 20645 and AATCC 100standards, indicating that a high amount of silver present on the surface of the fibers created an uninhabitable environment forthe S. aureus and E. coli bacteria.

A Cytogenetic Study in 120 Turkish Children with Intellectual Disability and Characteristics of Fragile X Syndrome

Osman Demirhan,Deniz Ta?temir,Rasim Somer Diler,Sunay Fırat,Ayse Avcı 연세대학교의과대학 2003 Yonsei medical journal Vol.44 No.4

We review the evidence for the frequency of the fragile X syndrome (FXS), other X-linked abnormalities, and other chromosomal disabilities of Turkish pediatric psychiatry outpatients with intellectual disability. Reported clinical features and genetic findings were used in cytogenetic screenings to estimate the prevalence of the fragile X (fra X) and other chromosomal aberrations in 120 patients with mental retardation, language disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity, or developmental delay, in comparison with 30 healthy children. Data on the clinical, intellectual and behavioral findings in 14 fra X positive children (11.7%) is presented. Ten of the 120 patients (8.3%) had enlargement of the heterochromatin region of chromosome 9. Other chromosomal aberrations and autosomal fragile sites (FS) were also observed. There was a statistically significant difference in the autosomal and X-linked FS between the study and control groups (p<0.05). The tests for the fra X chromosome are likely to be of diagnostic benefit in young children with autism or developmental delay, particularly in speech, and who have large and prominent ears.

Effect of β-Mannanase and α-Galactosidase Supplementation to Soybean Meal Based Diets on Growth, Feed Efficiency and Nutrient Digestibility of Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)

Yigit, Nalan Ozgur,Koca, Seval Bahadir,Isil, Behire,Diler, Ibrahim Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.5

A 12-week feeding trial was conducted with 87 g rainbow trout to evaluate the effects on growth performances, feed efficiency and nutrient digestibility of adding ${\beta}$-mannanase and ${\alpha}$-galactosidase enzymes, solely or in combination. Seven diets were prepared by adding ${\beta}$-mannanase, ${\alpha}$-galactosidase and mixed enzyme at two different levels (1 g/kg and 2 g/kg) to control diet (without enzyme) including soybean meal. Mixed enzymes (1 g/kg, 2 g/kg) were prepared by adding ${\beta}$-mannanase and ${\alpha}$-galactosidase at the same doses (0.5+0.5 g/kg and 1+1 g/kg). At the end of the experiment, addition of ${\beta}$-mannanase, ${\alpha}$-galactosidase and mixed enzyme to diet containing 44% soybean meal had no significant effects on growth performance and gain:feed (p>0.05). In addition, adding ${\beta}$-mannanase, ${\alpha}$-galactosidase and mixed enzyme in different rations to trout diets had no affect on nutrient digestibility and body composition (p>0.05).