Single Shot Epidural Injection for Cervical and Lumbosaccral Radiculopathies: A Preliminary Study

( Digambar Prasad Nawani ),( Sanjay Agrawal ),( Veena Asthana ) 대한통증학회 2010 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.23 No.4

Background: Epidural steroid injection is an established treatment modality for intervertebral disc prolapse leading to radiculopathy. In cases where two levels of radiculopathy are present, two separate injections are warranted. Herein, we present our experience of management of such cases with a single epidural injection of local anaesthetic, tramadol and methylprednisolone, and table tilt for management of both radiculopathies. Methods: 50 patients of either sex aged between 35-65 years presenting with features of cervical and lumbar radiculopathic pain were included and were subjected to single lumbar epidural injection of local anaesthetic, tramadol and methylprednisolone, in the lateral position. The table was then tilted in the trendelberg position with a tilt of 25 degrees, and patients were maintained for 10 minutes before being turned supine. All patients were administered 3 such injections with an interval of 2 weeks between subsequent injections, and pain relief was assessed with a visual analogue scale. Immediate complications after the block were assessed. Results: Immediate and post procedural complications observed were nausea and vomiting (20%), painful injection site (4%), hypotension (10%) and high block (4%). Pain relief was assessed after the three injections by three grades: 37 (74%) had complete resolution of symptoms; 18% had partial relief and 8 % did not benefit from the procedure. Conclusions: This technique may be used as an alternative technique for pain relief in patients with unilateral cervical and lumbar radiculopathies. (Korean J Pain 2010; 23: 254-257)

Depth-Based rank test for multivariate two-sample scale problem

Digambar Tukaram Shirke,Swapnil Dattatray Khorate The Korean Statistical Society 2023 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.30 No.3

In this paper, a depth-based nonparametric test for a multivariate two-sample scale problem is proposed. The proposed test statistic is based on the depth-induced ranks and is thus distribution-free. In this article, the depth values of data points of one sample are calculated with respect to the other sample or distribution and vice versa. A comprehensive simulation study is used to examine the performance of the proposed test for symmetric as well as skewed distributions. Comparison of the proposed test with the existing depth-based nonparametric tests is accomplished through empirical powers over different depth functions. The simulation study admits that the proposed test outperforms existing nonparametric depth-based tests for symmetric and skewed distributions. Finally, an actual life data set is used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed test.

Preparation of Catechol-linked Chitosan/Carbon Nanocomposite-modified Electrode and Its Applications

Harishchandra Digambar Jirimali,Duraisamy Saravanakumar,신운섭 대한화학회 2015 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.36 No.4

Fluorescent Bead–DNA Conjugate-based Dual Signal Amplification Technology

Mukesh Digambar Sonawane,Hae Ryong Lee,Satish Balasaheb Nimse,Keum-Soo Song,김태선,김상철 대한화학회 2016 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.37 No.5

One of the major challenges in DNA microarrays for their widespread application is assay sensitivity. Therefore, to achieve higher sensitivity, we developed a dual signal amplification technology based on the fluorescence beads (FB). It is the first report of the development of a dual signal amplification technology for DNA microarrays by synthesizing and applying the FB–DNA conjugates. The FB–DNA conjugates and Cy5-T1-FB-mixed-DNA demonstrated ~250–325-fold increase in sensitivity when compared with the conventional use of Cy5-labeled oligonucleotides such as Cy5-T1. Furthermore, the Cy5-T1-FB-mixed-DNA demonstrated ~5–1.3-fold increase in the sensitivity when compared with that of the FB–DNA conjugates alone.

Single Shot Epidural Injection for Cervical and Lumbosaccral Radiculopathies: A Preliminary Study

Nawani, Digambar Prasad,Agrawal, Sanjay,Asthana, Veena The Korean Pain Society 2010 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.23 No.4

Background: Epidural steroid injection is an established treatment modality for intervertebral disc prolapse to radiculopathy. In cases where two levels of radiculopathy are present, two separate injections are warranted. Herein, we present our experience of management of such cases with a single epidural injection of local anaesthetic, tramadol and methylprednisolone, and table tilt for management of both radiculopathies. Methods: 50 patients of either sex aged between 35-65 years presenting with features of cervical and lumbar radiculopathic pain were included and were subjected to single lumbar epidural injection of local anaesthetic, tramadol and methylprednisolone, in the lateral position. The table was then tilted in the trendelberg position with a tilt of 25 degrees, and patients were maintained for 10 minuted before being turned supine. All patients were administered 3 such injections with an interval of 2 weeks between subsequent injections, and pain relief was assessed with a visual analogue scale. Immediate complications after the block were assessed. Results: Immediate and post procedural complications observed were nausea and vomiting (20%), painful injection site (4%), hypotension (10%) and high block (4%). Pain relief was assessed after the three injections by three grades: 37 (74%) had complete resolution of symptoms; 18% had partial relief and 8% did not benefit from the procedure. Conclusions: This technique may be used as an alternative technique for pain relief in patients with unilateral cervical and lumbar radiculopathies.

Recovery of acids from dilute streams : A review of process technologies

Vivek Digambar Talnikar,Yogesh Shankar Mahajan 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.10

Chemical process industries convert raw materials into useful products. Acids, among other chemicals,are used in many industries as reactants, solvents and also as catalysts in a few instances as well. Resulting streamsare dilute, from which the acids must be recovered. For recovery, many technologies can be used by which acids canbe regained as such or can be converted into other value-added products like esters. Membrane processes and biologicalprocesses are being researched academically and practiced industrially. These have their own advantages and disadvan-tages in view of conversion, energy consumption etc. These are not always advantageous and hence an alternate pro-cess technology is necessary like reactive separation (RS). RS is advantageous especially when the acid is to be con-verted to other useful products by reaction, due to additional advantages or because no other technology is well suited ordue to cost considerations alone. Conventional process technologies use the reactor configuration followed by the sub-sequent separation sequence. This approach can sometimes suffer from lesser conversion, difficulties in separation etc. To overcome these problems, RS has an edge over other processes in terms of the recovery of the useful compounds. Reactive distillation (RD), reactive extraction (RE) and reactive chromatography (RC) are the separation technolo-gies that can be useful for acid recovery in an economically feasible way. This review covers the various processesof acid recovery along with the recent work in the field of reactive separations.

Chitosan-Cu-salen/Carbon Nano-Composite Based Electrode for the Enzyme-less Electrochemical Sensing of Hydrogen Peroxide

Jirimali, Harishchandra Digambar,Saravanakumar, Duraisamy,Shin, Woonsup The Korean Electrochemical Society 2018 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.9 No.3

Cu-Salen complex was prepared and attached into chitosan (Cs) polymer backbone. Nanocomposite of the synthesized polymer was prepared with functionalized carbon nano-particles (Cs-Cu-sal/C) to modify the electrode surface. The surface morphology of (Cs-Cu-sal/C) nanocomposite film showed a homogeneous distribution of carbon nanoparticles within the polymeric matrix. The cyclic voltammogram of the modified electrode exhibited a redox behavior at -0.1 V vs. Ag/AgCl (3 M KCl) in 0.1 M PB (pH 7) and showed an excellent hydrogen peroxide reduction activity. The Cs-Cu-sal/C electrode displays a linear response from $5{\times}10^{-6}$ to $5{\times}10^{-4}M$, with a correlation coefficient of 0.993 and detection limit of $0.9{\mu}M$ (at S/N = 3). The sensitivity of the electrode was found to be $0.356{\mu}A\;{\mu}M^{-1}\;cm^{-2}$.

Chitosan‐Cross‐linked Osmium Polymer Composites as an Efficient Platform for Electrochemical Biosensors

Jirimali, Harishchandra Digambar,Nagarale, Rajaram Krishna,Lee, Jong Myung,Saravanakumar, Durai,Shin, Woonsup WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2013 Chemphyschem Vol.14 No.10

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A new family of chitosan‐cross‐linked osmium polymer composites was prepared and its electrochemical properties were examined. The composites were prepared by quaternization of the poly(4‐vinylpyridine) osmium bipyridyl polymer (PVP‐Os) which was then cross‐linked with chitosan, yielding PVP‐Os/chitosan. Films made of the composites showed improved mass and electron transport owing to the porous and hydrophilic structure which is derived from the cross‐links between the Os polymer and chitosan. The rate for glucose oxidation was enhanced four times when glucose oxidase (GOx) was immobilized on PVP‐Os/chitosan compared immobilization on PVP‐Os.</P>

Nonparametric two sample tests for scale parameters of multivariate distributions

Chavan, Atul R,Shirke, Digambar T The Korean Statistical Society 2020 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.27 No.4

In this paper, a notion of data depth is used to propose nonparametric multivariate two sample tests for difference between scale parameters. Data depth can be used to measure the centrality or outlying-ness of the multivariate data point relative to data cloud. A difference in the scale parameters indicates the difference in the depth values of a multivariate data point. By observing this fact on a depth vs depth plot (DD-plot), we propose nonparametric multivariate two sample tests for scale parameters of multivariate distributions. The p-values of these proposed tests are obtained by using Fisher's permutation approach. The power performance of these proposed tests has been reported for few symmetric and skewed multivariate distributions with the existing tests. Illustration with real-life data is also provided.

Biomarker detection technologies and future directions

Nimse, Satish Balasaheb,Sonawane, Mukesh Digambar,Song, Keum-Soo,Kim, Taisun The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 The Analyst Vol.141 No.3

<P>Biomarkers play a vital role in disease detection and treatment follow-up. It is important to note that diseases in the early stage are typically treated with the greatest probability of success. However, due to various technical difficulties in current technologies for the detection of biomarkers, the potential of biomarkers is not explored completely. Therefore, the developments of technologies, which can enable the accurate detection of prostate cancer at an early stage with simple, experimental protocols are highly inevitable. This critical review evaluates the current methods and technologies used in the detection of biomarkers. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive review covering the advantages and disadvantages of the biomarker detection methods. Future directions for the development of technologies to achieve highly selective and sensitive detection of biomarkers for point-of-care applications are also commented on.</P>