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Growth of Bulk Single Crystals of Urea for Photonic Applications
Arumugam Saranraj,Sathiyadhas Sahaya Jude Dhas,Michael Jose,Sathiyadhas Amalapusham Martin Britto Dhas 대한금속·재료학회 2018 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.14 No.1
We report the growth of technologically important urea crystals of record size (48 ×16 × 8 mm3) by doping sulfuric acid and employing slow evaporation technique. Thegrown crystal was identified by single crystal X-Ray diffraction and FTIR spectralanalysis. Optical properties of the grown crystal were analyzed by UV-Vis spectrumand the presence of H2SO4 was confirmed by EDAX analysis. Thermogravimetricanalysis, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Photo acoustic studies were alsocarried out to determine the thermal properties of the grown crystal. The dielectricproperties for wide range of frequencies (1 Hz to 1 MHz) at different temperatures(35, 40, 60, 80, 100 °C) were analyzed. The second harmonic conversion efficiencyof the grown H2SO4 doped urea crystal was found to be 3.75 times higher than thecommercially available KDP crystals.
Muduli, Subas,Lee, Wonjoo,Dhas, Vivek,Mujawar, Sarfraj,Dubey, Megha,Vijayamohanan, K.,Han, Sung-Hwan,Ogale, Satishchandra American Chemical Society 2009 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.1 No.9
<P>A 50% enhancement in the conversion efficiency (4.9-7.37%) is realized in dye-sensitized solar cells using hydrothermally synthesized TiO(2)-multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites as compared to hydrothermally synthesized TiO(2) without MWCNT and Degussa P25. Several characterizations have been employed to reveal the nature of the modification imparted to the MWCNTs under hydrothermal processing conditions and the resulting TiO(2)-MWCNT conjugation through -COOH groups. Efficient charge transfer in the nanocomposite and efficient electron transport by MWCNT (significantly higher incident-photon-to-current conversion efficiency) are suggested to be the possible reasons for the enhancement.</P>