오존, 오존/超音波 및 오존/紫外線을 利用한 廢水處理

金基成,羅德寬,李禹範 순천대학교 공업기술연구소 1988 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.2 No.-

The wasterwater treatment using combination system of ozone/ultrasonics or ozone/ultraviolets compared with the ozone was able to increase the ozone oxidation rate and hydrogenperoxide generation. But, the patterns of interactions between ozone and ultrasonics or ultraviolets are very complex, and reaction mechanism are not understood completely. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate fundamental factors of effective ozonization when this combination works were carried out.

加壓浮上法과 流動層法을 이용한 活性슬러지 混合液의 固液分離에 관한 比較硏究

羅德寬,李基完 순천대학교 공업기술연구소 1995 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.9 No.-

When the concentrated activated sludge was separated by Dissolved Air Flotation(DAF) and Fluidized Bed(FB), the influence factors such as concentration of raw sludge, floating and settling velocity, effluent SS, concentration of floated and settled sludge, and polymer dosage were investigated with experiment. The solid liquid separation of concentrated activated sludge could be barely expected by sedimentation, but it could be easily done by DAF and FB. The sludge in FB was about 6.0%. Settling velocity in FB was about two to three times faster than floating velocity in DAF within the polymer dosage of 5 to 20㎎/l. FB was more effective than DAF for the separation efficiency of sludge. The optimal polymer dosage of DAF and FB were 5 ㎎/ℓl and 20㎎/ℓ, respectively.

제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 유리 테스토스테론과 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 농도

남기덕,김영설,박철영,오승준,김덕윤,우정택,김성운,양인명,김진우,최영길 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.24 No.6

연구배경:인슐린저항성은 제2형 당뇨병과 심혈관질환의 주요한 위험 인자로 성호르몬과 상호 관계가 있다고 알려져 있다. 그러나 여성과는 달리 남성에서는 연령과 인슐린저항성에 따른 유리 테스토스테론과 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 농도의 변화에 대한 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 그러므로, 본 저자등은 제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 정산인과 비교해서 유리 테스토스테론과 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 농도를 측정하고 연령에 따른 변화 정도를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법:대상 환자 모두에서 연령과 체질량지수, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 공복혈당과 인슐린 농도를 측정하였다. 혈중 유리 테스토스테론 농도는 방사면역측정법(radioimmunoassay)을 이용해서 측정하였고, 혈중 성호르몬 결합글로불린은 면역방사계측측정법(immunoradiometric assay)을 이용해서 측정하였다(Diagnostic System Laoratories, Wbster, TX, USA). 결과:1)제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 정상 대조군 남성에 비해 성호르몬 결합글로불린은 104.1±35.0 vs 25.7±3.5 mole×10??로 의미 있게 높았으나(p<0.001), 유리 테스토스테론은 13.7±9.5 vs 13.6±6.5 ng/dL로 차이가 없었다. 2)연령과 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 사이의 상관 계수는 제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 0.40로 중등고의 양의 상관 관계를 보였고(p<0.001), 정상 대조군 남성에서 0.11로 유의한 상관 관계를 보이지 않았다. 연령과 유리 테스토스테론 사이의 상관 계수는 제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 0.08, 정상 대조군 남성에서-0.17로 모두에서 유의한 상관 관계를 보이지 않았다. 3)연령과 체질량지수를 보정한 후에 제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자와 정상 대조군 남성에서 혈중 인슐린 농도, 유리 테스토스테론과 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 사이에는 상관 관계가 없었다. 결론:제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 정상 남성에 비해 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 농도가 증가되어 있었으며, 유리 테스토스테론은 차이가 없었다. 연령이 증가함에 따라 성호르몬 결합 글로블린이 제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 정상 남성에 비해 증가 폭이 의미있게 컸으며, 유리 테스토스테론은 변화가 없었다. Background: Insulin resistance is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. There are many previous studies indicating that insulin lowers serum sex hormone-binding globulin levels, and there is inverse correlation between insulin resistance and serum sex hormone-binding globulin levels in women. However, in men, a limited number of studies are available to explain the effect of sex hormone on age and insulin. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the relationship among free testosterone, hormone-binding globulin and age in type 2 diabetic men and control subjects. Method: Age, body mass index, total cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting blood sugar, and insulin concentrations were examined on 89 type 2 diabetic men and 47 control subjects. The free testosterone level was measured by commercially available double-antibody system (Radioimmunoassay). The sex hormone-binding globulin level was also measured by commercially available double-antibody system(Immunoradiometric assay). Results: 1) Sex hormone-binding globulin level was significantly increased in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, there was no significantly difference in free testosterone level between the two groups. 2) Sex hormone-binding globulin was positively correlated with age (r=0.4, p <0.001) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Sex hormone-binding globulin and free testosterone were not correlated with age in control sujects. 3) Free testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations were not significantly related to serum insulin concentration after adjusting for age and body mass index. Conclusions: We observed increased sex hormone-binding globulin concentration in diabetes man, and was a positively related to age. Further studies are needed to understand the relationships between age, insulin resistance, testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations(J Kor Diabetes Asso 24:699~707,2000).

도장작업시 유해인자들의 노출수준과 작업환경관리실태

이세기,문덕환,이채관,황용식,선병관,손병철,김대환,이창희,김휘동,이채언 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.5

Objectives: For the purpose of preparing the fundamental data and assessing the status of exposure level of chemical substances in painting process. Methods and Materials: The author determined the concentration of organic solvents, lead(Pb), Chromium(Cr), and Toluene-2, 4-diisocyanate(TDI) in air of painting process to 90 industries classified by 15 types of manufacturing industry during a period from Jan. 1st 2001 to Dec. 31st 2001. Results: The results were as follows: 1. The geometric mean level of each chemical substance was 0.1706 ppm for exposure index in organic solvents, 0.0019㎎/㎥ for Pb, 0.0024 ㎎/㎥ for Cr, and 0.0004ppm for TDI, respectively. 2. The exposure level of each chemical substances by type of painting was the highest in dipping and brush painting for organic solvent, in spray-painting for TDI, and in spray gun-painting for Pb and Cr, respectively. 3. The exposure level of each chemical substances by type of local ventilation equipment was higher in enclosed and booth type for organic solvents. Cr, and TDI, and in exterior type for Pb, respectively than those of other types. 4. The exposure level of each chemical substances by type of hazardous material arresting media was higher in using water for organic substances, in using bag filter for Pb, TDI, respectively than those of other types. Conclusion: According to above results, this study suggests that the exposure level by type of industry exceeded the exposure level in wooden furniture and metal furniture manufacturing industry for organic solvents and Pb, respectively.

동천의 정화능력 평가

라덕관,박상숙,김기성,김영규,김성진 순천대학교 1999 순천대학교 자연과학논문집 Vol.18 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the self-purification capacity of Dongcheon in Sunchon. According to water quality of Dongcheon, the mean concentrations of BOD and DO were 0.7∼1.6㎎/ℓ and 7.1∼8.0㎎/ℓ, which correspond to the grade Ⅱ of water quality standards. The ratio of BOD loading inflowed from Sunchon-city, Seocheon and Okchoen were measured 4.8%, 52.1% and 23.7%, respectively. The deoxygenation constant(k_1) and reaeration constant(k_2) of Dongchoen were estimated as 3.19day^(-1) and 2.181day^(-1). The results of DO distribution analysis by Streeter-Phelps equation showed that critical point was 12.1㎞ downstream, and then DO concentration was 6.94㎎/ℓ. In addition, the self-purification capacity assessment indicated that BOD loading to maintain over 5㎎/ℓ of DO should be less than 0.925ton/day.

하악골 우각부 골절시 소형금속판 내고정에 따른 3차원적 응력해석

박기덕,류선열 전남대학교 치과대학 1992 전남치대논문집 Vol.4 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress distribution and the displacement in the intact mandible and in the angle fractured mandible fixed with miniplate at the upper and lower border. X, Y, Z-directions of force(10Kgf) were applied on the right and left mandibular first molar unilaterally. Material property, geometry, and load conditions of each model were inputed to the three dimensional finite element program and the stress distribution and the displacement were analyzed. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In the intact model, stresses were evenly distributed along the external oblique ridge of mandible. On the opposite side, low level stresses were distributed along the external oblique ridge and coronoid process and Maximal principal stress was observed at the load applied teeth. 2. In the cases of fractured model, higher level stresses were observed than those of intact model and maximal principal stress was observed on the miniplate when the load was applied at the left first molar. In cases of load applied at left first molar maximal principal stress was observed on load applied tooth in model of internal fixation on external oblique ridge and in cases of load applied at right first molar maximal principal stress was observed on miniplate model of internal fixation on inferior border. 3. In the cases of internal fixation with miniplate on the external oblique ridge, stress distribution was similar to those of intact model and displacement was smaller than that of internal fixation on the mandibular inferior border 4. In the cases of internal fixation with miniplate on the inferior border, stress was distributed along the inferior border, being different from those in intact model. 5. In three type models, highest stress-concentration was observed under the vertical-(Z)-directional load and relatively stable results under inner-(X)-directional load on the fracture side first molar. Under load applied on opposite first molar, results were similar in three type models. These results suggest that stress distribution of internal fixation with miniplate on the external oblique ridge is more similar to intact model than internal fixation with miniplate on the inferior border with less displacement and internal fixation with miniplate on the external oblique ridge is more stable fixation method.

高密度 魚類養殖을 위한 效率的인 循環水 處理씨스템에 관한 硏究

李基完,羅德寬 순천대학교 공업기술연구소 1992 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.6 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to development the more effective treatment system of recycling water for the high-density fishfarming. Investigations through analysis of quality for the fishfarming water and the experimental treatment using the designed system with Biological Fluidized Bed(BFB) reactor have been performed for the recycling water in fishfarming. The obtained results showed that water quality in breeding pond was affected by the light cycle and vitalities of fishes and recycle flow range showing the most effective solid removal rates of the settler in system which was designed specially was near of 0.25ℓ/sec. Oxygen transfer rates in the aeration system consistes of four-column tower were in proportion to recycling flow rates of water. And also, the effluent BOD load in biological water treatment system using BFB reactor could be decreased to 65% than other existing water reuse aquaculture system with filter media.

濟州道의 導入牛에 있어서 고사리 中毒의 發生 狀況 및 그 對策에 對한 調査 硏究

張德支,金承贊,梁奇千 제주대학교 1980 논문집 Vol.12 No.-

The authors investigated the status of an outbreak of bracken poisoning, and counter-measures, among recently introduced cattle (from Nov., 1976 to Oct., 1979) belonging to 19 ranches on Jeju Island. 1. 364 head of a total of 2396 head (Aberdeen Angus 948, Brahman 188, santa 231, Shorthorn 334, Simmental 26, Hereford 101, Holstein 568) showed the symptoms of bracken poisoning, and 159 head died between May, 1979 and Oct., 1980. 2. It was recognized that Holstein, Shorthorn, Angus were sensitive, and Brahman, Santa, Here ford were resistant to the bracken toxicity. 3. As counter-measures against bracken poisoning, 1) pasture improvement and it's reasonable management, 2) optimal time (October-November) for introducing the cattle, 3) proper calf management, and 4) the early diagnosis of bracken poisoning were suggested.

아데노이드 및 구개편도 절제술이 비저항과 비강 내 Geometry에 미치는 영향

나기상,박찬희,구본석,김영덕,김관호,박용호 충남대학교 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.2

수술 전 최소단면적이나 비강 부피는 아데노이드나 구개편도의 비대 정도와 상관관계를 보이지 않았으나 비저항은 아데노이드 비대 정도와 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 구개편도 및 아데노이드 절제술 후 코막힘과 구호흡 증상의 유의한 호전을 보였다. 수술 후 비강의 최소단면적과 부피 등 nasal geometry는 통계적으로 유의한 변화가 없었으나 비저항은 수술 후 유의한 감소를 보였으며 수술 후 비저항의 감소 정도는 아데노이드 비대 정도와 유의한 상관 관계를 보였다 . 이상의 결과로 아데노이드와 구개편도의 비대를 보이는 소아에서 코막힘 증상을 일으키는 데는 아데노이드 비대가 주요 원인이 되며 주로 비강의 후방에 위치한 아데노이드의 mass effect에 의할 것으로 생각한다. The aim of this study was to determine whether adenoid or tonsillar hypertrophy and subsequent adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy affect pediatric nasal airway resistance and nasal geometry and to evaluate the relationships between the degree of hypertrophy and nasal airway resistance or nasal geometry. Thirty-two children, aged 3 to 15 years, selected for adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy due to chronic nasal obstruction and mouth breathing were enrolled. The size of adenoid was evaluated by cephalometric radiograph. The degree of tonsillar hypertrophy was graded clinically. Nasal airway resistance and nasal geometry was evaluated by active anterior rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry respectively. These measurements were repeated one month and three months post-operatively. The size of adenoid was found well correlated to preoperative nasal airway resistance. However, there were no correlations between the degree of tonsillar hypertrophy and preoperative nasal airway resistance or nasal geometry. Nasal geometry was not changed after operation. However, nasal airway resistance was reduced significantly at 3 months after operation and the size of adenoid was found well correlated to postoperative changes of nasal airway resistance.

수질에 미치는 비점오염원의 영향

라덕관,김기성 순천대학교 공업기술연구소 1996 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.10 No.-

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of nonpoint source pollutants on water quality. The analytical parameters used for this study were BOD, COD, SS, and T-N. This study was conducted during the period from May to October 1995. During of rainfall, pollutants were flushed out through urban areas, rice fields, crop lands, forest areas and directly flowed into the receiving water, where the pollutants were increased. The concentrations of pollutants in the first flush were higher as the discharges increased, but those in the large rainfall runoff were decreased due to dillution. In this study, an increase in BOD, COD, SS, and T-N concentration were observed when the rainfall runoff increased. Especially, the large rainfall runoffs had much higher SS concentration than the runoffs during the dry period with the several hundreds ㎎/l range sometimes being reached. The yearly area yield rates and unit pollutant loading of nonpoint source were estimated from the land use types such as urban areas, rice fields, crop lands, and forest areas. In the urban areas, yearly area yield rates in ton/㎢ were estimated to be 46.93 of BOD, 78.6 of COD, 42.26 of SS, and 9.29 of T-N. And, unit pollutant loading in ㎏/㏊/yr were estimated to be 387.6 of BOD, 643 of COD, 432 of SS, and 72.8 of T-N. In the rice fields, yearly area yield rates in ton/㎢ were estimated to be 1.89 of BOD, 4.8 of COD, 4.26 of COD, 4.26 of SS, and 1.77 of T-N. And, unit pollutant loading in ㎏/㏊/yr were estimated to be 17.73 of BOD, 45.45 of COD, 36.6 of SS, and 9.91 of T-N. In the crop lands, yearly area yield rates in ton/㎢ were estimated to be 0.92 of BOD, 2.52 of COD, 2.29 of SS, and 0.56 of T-N. And, unit pollutant loading in ㎏/㏊/yr were estimated to be 7.12 of BOD, 18.9 of COD, 23.0 of SS, and 4.01 of T-N. In the forest areas, yearly area yield rates in ton/㎢ were estimated to be 0.32 of BOD, 0.88 of COD, 0.93 of SS, and 0.26 of T-N. And, unit pollutant loading in ㎏/㏊/yr were estimated to be 3.18 of BOD, 8.78 of COD, 8.91 of SS, and 2.48 of T-N. Urban nonpoint sources contain the largest pollutant loading in the land use types surveyed. The effects on water quality from nonpoint sources are variable and site-specific studies can be required.