Treatment of Partial-Thickness Burn Wounds with Combined Advanced Therapies: Cultured Allogenic Keratinocyte and Epidermal Growth Factor

Key Day Lee,Eun Choang Cha,Lee Jimin,강상윤,범진식,Cho Jaeyoung 대한창상학회 2023 Journal of Wound Management and Research Vol.19 No.1

Background: Cultured allogenic keratinocyte (CAK) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) are commonly used biological treatments for partial-thickness burn wounds. A comparative study was conducted on whether the combination therapy of CAK and EGF promotes partial-thickness burn wound healing.Methods: From January 2020 to March 2021, 73 patients who visited the hospital with partial-thickness burns were enrolled in the study. Patients were treated with CAK (Kaloderm) (n=20), EGF (Easyef) (n=17), and CAK+EGF (n=24). Wound healing rate, time to heal, factors affecting wound healing (age, sex, underlying disease, mode of injury, location of injury, initial wound size), and scarring were comparatively analyzed.Results: The wound healing rate for 20 days was 85% (17/20) in the CAK group, 88% (15/17) in the EGF group, and 92% (22/24) in the CAK+EGF group. The average healing time was 11.0±6.0 days, with the CAK group taking 12.6±5.5 days, EGF group taking 11.5±6.0 days, and CAK+EGF group taking 9.0±6.3 days. The patients who received CAK+EGF treatment had higher hazard than the patients without CAK+EGF treatment (hazard ratio, 2.078; 95% confidence interval, 1.021–4.228). Smaller wound size <5 cm2 (hazard ratio, 2.869; 95% confidence interval, 1.426–5.773) was associated with complete wound healing. Though statistically insignificant (P=0.218), less scars occurred in the CAK+EGF group.Conclusion: Combination therapy of CAK and EGF promotes wound healing in partial-thickness burn wounds.

What fate bestows the European Political Parties (Europarties)? The Challenges of Democracy Building at the EU-Level

( Stephen Day ) 한국EU학회 2022 Asia-Pacific Journal of EU Studies Vol.20 No.2

Despite the ascribed constitutional role that foresees the European Political Parties (Europarties) as an integral part of the European Union’s representative democracy, they continue to remain peripheral figures. While the cumulative effect of legal initiatives has been to enhance their day-to-day operational performance, this has yet to translate into a transformative impact where they are viewed as key players in the EU’s political system. As a result, the Europarties remain in a weakened state where they find themselves caught up in repetitive debates about what needs to be done. At the heart of that impasse is the relationship between the Europarties and their National Member Parties (NMPs) who tend to display an attitude of resistance and indifference towards them. However, although NMPs often seek to dilute and limit the impact of specific types of transnational practice that are viewed as a sine qua non for strengthening the Europarties, they do not seek to completely shut down debates or prevent more limited types of transnational practice from being enacted.

[S4-2] GMPs a Systematic Process for Quality

Sandy O’Day 한국식품영양과학회 2009 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2009 No.11

Potential use of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyl octadecyl ammonium chloride as an antimicrobial and antiviral agent for the disinfection of personal protective equipment

김유진,Hana Youn,Junbeom Kim,Daye Lee,Seonghye Go,Ji-eun Park,Sunhak Lee,Jinyong Noh,남상섭 대한백신학회 2020 Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research Vol.9 No.2

Currently, no vaccine or established therapeutic agents are available for coronavirus disease 2019. The sharp increase in demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) necessitates an improvement in the protective efficacy of PPE. We evaluated the potential antimicrobial and antiviral effects of a surface-coating disinfectant (3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyl octadecyl ammonium chloride, Si-QAC) when applied onto PPE. Si-QAC-pre-coated PPE was artificially contaminated with either influenza virus or Salmonella. The results showed significantly reduced influenza and Salmonella titers in Si-QAC-coated PPE; these antimicrobial effects lasted 7 days. This suggests that this surface-coating disinfectant effectively reduces pathogen contamination of PPE, enabling their safe and long-term use.

Adam Smith의 invisible hand에 관한 연구

徐大允 관동대학교 기업경영연구소 1998 경영논집 Vol.17 No.-

Adam Smith는 경제학의 아버지이며, 경제학이라는 산맥에서 마치 히말라야산과 같은 위치를 차지하고 있다. 그러나 오늘날 그의 이론에 대한 연구가 많이 이루어 지고 있지 않으며, 그의 이론에 대한 중요성도 망각되어 가고 있는 것 같다. 이런 면에서 그의 기본적인 경제철학인 invisible hand의 본질이 무엇이며, 그는 어떤 근거로 invisible hand에 의하여 경제가 자동조절된다고 주장하였는가를 검토하는 것은 의미있는 일이다. 우주가 창조주의 의지대로 운행되듯이 경제사회라는 소우주도 동일한 원리에 따라서 운용되고 있다는 대명제하에, 개인의 이기심(self-interest)에 기인한 경제 활동은 사회적 이익과 상충하지 않고 오히려 최대다수의 최대행복을 가져오는 방향으로 보이지 않는 손의 작용으로 자동조절된다는 난과록적인 주장이다. 따라서 정부의 인위적인 개입은 오히려 결과를 왜곡하므로 자유방임(laissez-faire)상태로 두어야 한다는 주장이다.

韓國輸出의 現況 및 當面課題에 關한 考察

徐大允 관동대학교 1985 關大論文集 Vol.13 No.2

Ⅰ. Introduction Export has been playing an important role in developing Korean economy ever since the early 1960s. But the fast-growing export has been slowing down since 1979 becasue of its structural and fundamental changes both in export industry and overseas market. In view of unique structure and position of Korean economy, export is compelled to keep growing; Korea has no natural resourses enough to maintain her economic development, and one of the most highly populated countries in the world. Korea has no choice but to continue her economic development based on export growth. This study is therefore to find out new ways to take as the second stage of export development in order to revitalize it by reviewing the export so far and analyzing the export competition power, ever-increasing protectionism prevailing worldwide. Ⅱ. Changed Overseas Market Situation 1. Ever-increasing Protectionism The world economy has been slowing down mainly due to the oil shocks of 1973 and 1979, and unstable international monetary situation since the early 1970s. Every country suffering from high unemployment and shortage of foreign exchange has been reinforcing import regulations and various trade barriers. The principal export products such as textiles, footwear, electronics, and steel products are under the various trade barriers like quota system, countervailing duty, self-regulation of export countries, etc. involving 19 major export countries. In terms of amount exported in 1980, 1981, and 1982, each 24.2%, 22.4%, and 22.3% had been exported under the influence of export regulations. But the percentage goes up much higher as 38.1%, 36.1%, and 34.7% each for 1980, 1981, and 1982 if applied only to advanced countries. Ⅲ. Structural Analysis of Export 1. Export Trend Export has been increased with incredibly high rate; U$ 55 milliion in 1962 reached to U$1 billion in 1971, U$ 10 billion in 1977, and U$ 15 billion in 1979. But the situation changed from 1980 by showing slow growth mainly because of deteriorated competition power, and worldewide recession. 2. Export Market by Commodity Mining, agricultural, and marine products played an important role in the early 1960s, but later in late 1960s labor-intensive products took over, again from mid-1970s heavy industry products started to lead the export. In the early 1960s, principal export commodities were Tungsten ores, raw silk, fresh and frozen fish, but textiles, plywood, wig led the export industry from the early 1970s. The following products were electronics, ship, iron and steel products, which still keep pace together with textils. 3. Export Market by Principal Country As of late 1983, korean goods are shipping out to 176 countries which means Korea diversified her market worldwide, virtually covering the entire world except some communist countries. Export market however is too much concentrated and dependent on the U.S.A. and Japan, which cover almost 1/2 of entire export amount. In this respect, more efforts should be placed on the development of African, Latin conutries, and Australian market. Ⅳ. Problems and Its Solution 1. Cutthroat Competition Fair competition is a advantage of free economy society, which brings better production efficiency, quality, improvement, and cost-down. However, the competition beyond the limit leads to no profit all the parties concenred. Cutthroat competition among Korean exporters has been the chronical trouble since wig export boomed in late 1960s, which can be raised as a classic case brought no benefit to exporters, importers, even consumers. Cutthroat competition means nothing but suicide. What is worse, it will eventually brings import regulations. 2. Overseas Production System This has several benefits; 1) to make it possible to avoid import regulations. 2) to be familiar with merchandising based on local marketing concept. 3) to expedite internationalization of Korean side management. 4) to accumulate experience in international division of industry. 5) to learn advanced production system, technology, market information, and management skill. 3. Practical Marketing Strategy No marketing policy has been required since export so far has been order-made. But situation has been changed in terms of commodity structure and method of export. Exporters should be market-oriented to meet consumer's requirements. From the long term standpoint, brand image should be establish in the local market. More attention should be paid to the design and packing which are the most important sales points. Merchandising should also be made based on the local market information, fashion, consumers trend, etc. In a word, exporter should create demand by himself. 4. Shift to Capital Intensive Higher Added-value Products. Labor-intensive products like textiles, footwear have been losing competitive advantage due to increased labor cost compared to that of Chins, Thailand, Malysis, Sri Lanka and the like. Greater attention should be paid to the capital intensive products in terms of better utilization of resourses, and higher added-value together with the deteriorated competitive advantage of labor-intennsive products. However, raw and intermidiate production material, and parts industry should be brought up in order to make it possible that capital intensive products can get higher added-value, and to keep competitive advantage. 5. The Second Export Drive Needed. There is a strong tendency that too much emphasis is being laid on the qualitative approach of export. No one denys the importance of improvement in export structure, profitability, and marketing strategy but the export amount must be increased to contribute to economy growth, creating job opportunity, and foreign exchanged reserve. Export amount per capita of Korea is just U$ 555 compared to U$ 1,168 of Japan, U$ 1.202 of Taiwan, not to mention of U$ 5,320 of Belgium, U$ 4,012 of Switzerland. Korean export has long way to go and be revitalized particulary in terms of growth. Ⅴ. Conclusion This study is to find out new ways to enhance export by reviewing the export by commodity, market, market, andother situations. In order to revitalize export under this situation, competitive advantages should be recovered by stabilizing wage, financing expenses, and improving quality. Market should also be diversified and shipment should be made in orderly manner, not rushing in a short period. Cutthroat competition among Korean exporters will bring loss exporters involved, and will eventually lead to no national interest. Supposing export price is raised just 1 percent for the entire export of U$ 24.4 billion (in 1983), it will add U$ 244 million. Aside from the above, more fundamental steps be required. Overseas production system will bring benefit in terms of merchandising, production technology, and practical marketing policy. At the same time, this will help avoid import barriers. Exporters should pay more attention to the marketing policy from now on, also should establish brand image which is made based on the export market sense. Sales promotion activities are needed from the long term standpoint particulary in case of consumer goods. Labor-itensive light industry products should be switched over to capital-intensive higher added value goods. But in this case, R and D, and material, parts industries should be brought up. Lastly, more attention to the export revitalization drive is needed since there is a strong tenddency that too much emphasis is paid on the domestic industry reinforcement as well as qualitative approach of export industry. But it is too early to give too much priority on the above said. More attention should be paid to the increasing export size at least for the time being.

작업관련 근골격계질환의 인간공학적 실태조사 및 분석

양성환,김대성,최정화 한국생산성학회 2001 生産性論集 Vol.15 No.1

The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data of the evaluation methodology in order to apply the ergonomic program for industrial workplace. The result is helpful to establish the improvement alternatives that considered the assessment tools suitable work characteristics in order to prevent musculoskeletal disorders in workplace. We analysed the collected data of workers complaining of musculoskeletal-related pains during 4 months using musculoskeletal administration program(WinCare). As the results, the pained workers had mostly a pain in low back. The results showed that the pained workers in the automotive manufacturing industry pained in several body parts because they worked using the whole body. Also, most of pained workers in the electronic industry and the other industry pained respectively in the upper limb and low back related heavy load handling. That is due to difference of body parts used in each industry. The approach of this study will help to more precise assessment of the ergonomic work postures when establishing the ergonomic improvement plan, especially to consider the application method to workplace using the suitable ergonomic assessment tools classified by type of industry.

Effects of Bacillus-based probiotics on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal health of weaned pigs

( Daye Mun ),( Hyunjin Kyoung ),( Myunghwan Kong ),( Sangdon Ryu ),( Ki Beom Jang ),( Jangryeol Baek ),( Kyeong Il Park ),( Minho Song ),( Younghoon Kim ) 한국축산학회 2021 한국축산학회지 Vol.63 No.6

Bacillus is characterized by the formation of spores in harsh environments, which makes it suitable for use as a probiotic for feed because of thermostability and high survival rate, even under long-term storage. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Bacillus-based probiotics on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, immune response, and intestinal microbiota of weaned pigs. A total of 40 weaned pigs (7.01 ± 0.86 kg body weight [BW]; 28 d old) were randomly assigned to two treatments (4 pigs/ pen; 5 replicates/treatment) in a randomized complete block design (block = BW and sex). The dietary treatment was either a typical nursery diet based on corn and soybean meal (CON) or CON supplemented with 0.01% probiotics containing a mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis (PRO). Fecal samples were collected daily by rectal palpation for the last 3 days after a 4-day adaptation. Blood, ileal digesta, and intestinal tissue samples were collected from one pig in each pen at the respective time points. The PRO group did not affect the feed efficiency, but the average daily gain was significantly improved (p < 0.05). The PRO group showed a trend of improved crude protein digestibility (p < 0.10). The serum transforming growth factor-β1 level tended to be higher (p < 0.10) in the PRO group on days 7 and 14. There was no difference in phylum level of the intestinal microbiota, but there were differences in genus composition and proportions. However, β-diversity analysis showed no statistical differences between the CON and the PRO groups. Taken together, Bacillus-based probiotics had beneficial effects on the growth performance, immune system, and intestinal microbiota of weaned pigs, suggesting that Bacillus can be utilized as a functional probiotic for weaned pigs.

Determination of Initial Denitrification in Intact Cores under Various Freshwater Wetland Types

Seo, Dong-Cheol,Delaune, R.D.,Lane, Robert R.,Day, John W. Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer 2012 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.45 No.1

Denitrification rate was determined for various freshwater wetland types in the Mississippi River Coastal delta plain. Site 1 and 4 were collected from forested-tupelo dominated wetland, and site 2 and 3 were from floating emergent marsh. The maximum $N_2O$ emission was $7.47mg\;N\;m^{-2}$ for site 1 at day 6 after the addition of nitrate, $6.96mg\;N\;m^{-2}$ for site 2 at day 4, $6.63mg\;N\;m^{-2}$ for site 3 at day 3, and $9.64mg\;N\;m^{-2}$ for site 4 at day 4. The denitrification rate was determined using the acetylene inhibition method $1.24mg\;N\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ for site 1, $1.93mg\;N\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ for site 2, $2.24mg\;N\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ for site 3, and $2.78mg\;N\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ for site 4. The maximum denitrification rate was in the order of site 4 > site 3 > site 2 > site 1.

Determination of Initial Denitrification in Intact Cores under Various Freshwater Wetland Types

Dong Cheol Seo,R. D. DeLaune,Robert R. Lane,John W. Day 한국토양비료학회 2012 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.45 No.1

Denitrification rate was determined for various freshwater wetland types in the Mississippi River Coastal delta plain. Site 1 and 4 were collected from forested-tupelo dominated wetland, and site 2 and 3 were from floating emergent marsh. The maximum N2O emission was 7.47 mg N m<SUP>-2</SUP> for site 1 at day 6 after the addition of nitrate, 6.96 mg N m<SUP>-2</SUP> for site 2 at day 4, 6.63 mg N m<SUP>-2</SUP> for site 3 at day 3, and 9.64 mg N m<SUP>-2</SUP> for site 4 at day 4. The denitrification rate was determined using the acetylene inhibition method 1.24 mg N m<SUP>-2</SUP> d<SUP>-1</SUP> for site 1, 1.93 mg N m<SUP>-2</SUP> d<SUP>-1</SUP> for site 2, 2.24 mg N m<SUP>-2</SUP> d<SUP>-1</SUP> for site 3, and 2.78 mg N m<SUP>-2</SUP> d<SUP>-1</SUP> for site 4. The maximum denitrification rate was in the order of site 4 > site 3 > site 2 > site 1.