기도절개술로 인한 매우 심한 삼킴장애: 증례 보고

Daham Kim,Bum-Seok Lee,Si-Woon Park,Hyung-Wook Han,Namo Jeon,Hyeon-Woo Jeon,Doo Young Kim 대한연하장애학회 2023 대한연하장애학회지 Vol.13 No.1

We report an extremely severe case of dysphagia in an elderly patient. Tracheostomy alone was found to be the cause of severe upper esophageal opening dysfunction. An 84-year-old woman was admitted with dyspnea. During hospitalization, she had respiratory failure and underwent a tracheostomy. On day 41 in the hospital, she complained of dysphagia and was a swallowing evaluation was done at the rehabilitation department. We ruled out other etiologies of upper esophageal dysfunction through a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and endoscopic evaluation. Through follow-up tests, it was found retrospectively that extreme dysphagia could have occurred through the following mechanism: the airway was not protected at the time of the tracheostomy because the movement of the epiglottis did not appear to be normal. This was due to the reduction in laryngeal function affecting the upper esophageal opening after the tracheostomy, and at the same time, the power to push the bolus was weak. After 6 months, at the third test, she had improved enough to ingest a soft diet and fluid with thickeners, so she was able to start an oral diet without decannulation. It is thus important to recognize that tracheostomy alone can cause extremely severe aspiration. If these findings are observed in patients undergoing tracheostomy, it is necessary to check the movements of the epiglottis properly and evaluate whether the condition can be improved by rehabilitation treatment.

고조파 안정도 기법을 활용한 전력전자 기반 AC 전력계통 해석

민다함(Daham Min),조영호(Youngho Cho),허견(Kyeon Hur) 대한전자공학회 2015 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.6

This paper presents an extensive survey on the impedance-based harmonic stability assessment for design and analysis of complex power electronic circuits and their wideband control. As the integration of power electronic devices into the power system increases, the wideband control of power converters distinguishes it from traditional ac power systems. The interactions between the emerging power electronics devices and the passive components in grid impedance may cause the stability and power quality problems. To analyze these interactions, impedance-based analysis, which reconfigures the grid-connected converters as equivalent circuit will be presented. Harmonic stability can be determined by the Nyquist criterion of an equation from the impedance calculation. Simulation on a three-phase voltage-sourced converter is carried out.

Computing Safety Margins of a Generation Rejection Scheme: A Framework for Online Implementation

Min, Daham,Kim, Seog-Joo,Seo, Sangsoo,Moon, Young-Hwan,Sun, Kai,Chow, Joe H.,Hur, Kyeon IEEE 2018 IEEE transactions on smart grid Vol.9 No.3

<P>This paper develops an analytical method for assessing the safety margins of a generation rejection scheme (GRS) reliably. It also presents a practical framework for implementing the proposed method integrated with energy management system and synchrophasor data in power grid operations. By employing a concept of virtual load connected to the critical generation bus of the single machine equivalent of the real-time operations case, we calculate, similar to transfer analysis, the allowable power to the virtual load in MW after tripping the pre-planned number of generation units and thus determine the required rejected power for the GRS initiating scenario. This virtual loading can be interpreted as the safety margin of the designed GRS to ensure its stabilizing operation. This research further develops a computationally efficient technique for refining the safety margin potentially with the measured synchrophasor data to improve the robustness of the GRS in practice. Understanding the safety margin is envisioned to help investigate and identify other practical options than tripping generators for protecting the system integrity. Accuracy and efficacy are demonstrated for real Korea power system cases.</P>

세종의 훈민정음 제정에 대한 국어사 연구의 서사와 그 문제점들 - 이기문의 학설에 대한 비판을 중심으로

정다함(Daham Chong) 역사비평사 2023 역사비평 Vol.- No.142

Annual and Monthly Trends of Cooling and Heating Degree-Days in Four Different Cities in Iraq as an Index of Energy Consumption

Khamis Daham Muslih 한국기상학회 2022 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.58 No.1

Heating and cooling degree days (HDDs/CDDs) method is commonly used to quantify the demand for energy needed for cooling and heating of buildings. Therefore, daily air temperature (minimum and maximum) from four stations in Iraq were analyzed to detect the annual and monthly heating and cooling degree-days trend over the period 1970–2014 using linear regression techniques. The results indicated that; Annual mean values of accumulated heating degree-days AHDDs recorded from 1048oC in Basra station in the south to 2289oC in Mosul station north of Iraq. The annual mean values of ACDDs registered from 2220oC in Rutba to 2927oC in Basra. The annual AHDDs trends analysis indicated significant decreasing trends for all stations with probability level ≥ 99% except in Basra. The monthly AHDDs showed a general decreasing trend for all stations, and for most months about 91.6%of monthly trends had negative values. However, the annual total accumulated cooling degreedays ACDDs indicated that all stations registered significant positive trends with probability level ≥ 99 %. The highest annual positive linear tendency rate was recorded in Basra (19.586 oC/year). Moreover, the monthly ACDDs showed in the winter months from December to February, there were no significant trend values recorded. Except for these three months, there were significantly increased ACDDs trends in all stations and for the majority of the months during the study period.

Clinical Parameters to Distinguish Silent Corticotroph Adenomas from Other Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas

Kim, Daham,Ku, Cheol Ryong,Park, Se Hee,Moon, Ju Hyung,Kim, Eui Hyun,Kim, Sun Ho,Lee, Eun Jig Elsevier 2018 World neurosurgery Vol.115 No.-

<P><B>Background</B></P> <P>It is difficult to distinguish silent corticotroph adenomas (SCAs) from other nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) preoperatively. This study aimed to determine the preoperative clinical parameters associated with SCAs.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>This was a retrospective single-center study of patients who underwent surgery for NFPAs during 2011–2016 in our tertiary hospital and who had preoperative combined pituitary function test (CPFT) and immunohistochemical staining results available. After we excluded patients with increased 24-hour urinary free cortisol to preclude overt Cushing's disease, 341 patients were finally enrolled. The medical records, including the CPFT and immunohistochemistry results, of the patients were reviewed.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The age and tumor size were similar between patients with SCAs and other NFPAs. The SCA group had a greater proportion of women (89.2% vs. 57.6%, <I>P</I> < 0.001), cavernous sinus invasion (35.1% vs. 20.7%, <I>P</I> = 0.047), and intratumoral hemorrhage on preoperative sella magnetic resonance imaging (32.4% vs. 9.2%, <I>P</I> < 0.001) compared with the NFPA group. In the preoperative CPFT, the cortisol response was not significantly different between groups. However, the peak adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (67.80 ± 49.83 vs. 85.67 ± 78.97 pg/mL, <I>P</I> = 0.061) tended to be lower, and the ΔACTH (53.71 ± 50.14 vs. 72.67 ± 75.82 pg/mL, <I>P</I> = 0.046) was significantly lower in SCAs. After we excluded patients with preoperative hypopituitarism caused by mass effects, the peak ACTH (69.39 ± 39.45 vs. 119.75 ± 89.84 pg/mL, <I>P</I> = 0.001) and ΔACTH (58.58 ± 36.51 vs. 107.66 ± 86.05 pg/mL, <I>P</I> = 0.001) were significantly lower in SCAs than in other NFPAs.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Female sex, cavernous sinus invasion, intratumoral hemorrhage on sella magnetic resonance imaging, and decreased ACTH response in the CPFT are independent indicators of SCAs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> SCAs are difficult to distinguish from other NFPAs preoperatively. </LI> <LI> We determined the preoperative clinical parameters associated with SCA. </LI> <LI> Patients (<I>N</I> = 341) who underwent surgery for NFPA were evaluated retrospectively. </LI> <LI> Indicators include female sex, cavernous sinus invasion, and intratumoral hemorrhage. </LI> <LI> Decreased ACTH response in the CPFT also was an independent indicator. </LI> </UL> </P>

조선 태종 5년 동맹가첩목아(童猛哥帖木兒)의 明 "入朝"를 둘러싼 朝鮮과 明과 동맹가첩목아사이의 관계성에 대한 탈중심적/탈경계적 해석

정다함 ( Daham Chong ) 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2016 民族文化硏究 Vol.72 No.-

이 연구는, 조선에 "입조"하던 여진족 수장 童猛哥帖木兒가 1405년 명에 "입조" 한 것을 중화/소중화 중심주의적 관점에서만 이해해온 기존 해석을 비판하기 위해, 당시 조선과 명과 童猛哥帖木兒 사이에서 전개된 역동적 관계성을 재해석한다. 명이 여진을 포섭하여 요동과 만주에서 중화중심주의의 질서를 만드는 과정은, 일견 명이 일방적으로 주도하는 것처럼 보일 수 있지만, 오히려, 元이 해체되는 과정에서 이미 고려 말 이후 조선왕실이 여진과의 관계를 통해 압록강/두만강유역에 구축하고 있던 조선중심적인 지역질서를, 명이 빌려서 전유하는 방식을 통해 진행된 것이었다. 그리고 바로 이러한 역사적 맥락은, 중화중심주의의 단순한 수직적/일원적 위계질서 안으로 환원되지 않는 균열의 지점을 제공함으로써, 동맹가첩목아와 같은 여진족 지도자들이 소위 "인신무외교"의 원칙에 입각한 중화중심주의의 일원적 위계질서의 바닥에서 벗어나, 오히려 명과 조선 양쪽 모두를 더 많은 선택의 기회로 활용할 수 있었던 것이다. 결국 동맹가첩목아의 명"입조"는 명을 중심으로 하는 중화중심주의적 위계질서의 공고화처럼 보이지만, 그 "입조"라는 결과와 분리될 수 없이 연결된 明과 朝鮮과 동맹가첩목아 사이의 관계성과 그 역사적 맥락은, 그 중화중심주의적인 질서 또는 위계라는 것이 오히려 그것이 "반주변부(조선)"나 "반야만(여진족)"으로 정의하는 타자들 없이는, 만들어지는 것조차도 불가능했다는 것을 ``역설적``으로 보여주는, "中華"와 "小中華"와 "野人"의 교차로였다는 것이다. Mongke Temur(童猛哥帖木兒) known as a direct forefather of Nurhaci, had been defined as a tributary by early Choson kings for more than 20 years and he finally decided to pay "tributary visit(入朝)" to Ming in 1405. This has been understood as irrefutable proof of consolidation of Sinocentric orders in Southern Manchuria in early 15th century. In this paper, I try to dismantle this existing frameworks where "Sinocentric" views have highly been essentialized. First of all, expansion of "Sinocentric" world orders of Ming into Manchuria by incorporating Jurchen leaders such as Mongke Temur, was not just a process Ming alone could initiate, but also a process Ming could carry out only by negotiating with Choson and appropriating its imagined and contingent "Choson-centered" regional order. Second of all, it was in this context those Jurchen leaders including Mongke Temur who look seemingly a passive "vassals" at the bottom of sinocentric hierarchy, actually could have initiatives by deliberately playing both sides as the "tributary" of the both sides. Mongke Temur``s "tributary visit(入朝)" to Ming in 1405 looks seemingly as a consolidation of vertical hierarchy of Sinocentric world order of Ming, but the context which is inseparable from this "result", was paradoxically to show us that this so-called Sinocentric world order centered by Ming, actually could not even be built and maintained without collaboration of "others" such as Choson Kings and Jurchen leaders who have been marginalized by that "center".

해방 이후 고려 · 조선시대사 연구에서의 관료제설, 막스 베버, 그리고 유교적 전통의 트랜스내셔널한 발명

정다함(Daham Chong) 역사비평사 2021 역사비평 Vol.- No.137

This paper first offers a post-colonial critique on Japanese colonial historiography and Post-1945 South Korean historiography on Confucian tradition of Korea that they both have shared a very essentialized understanding on Confucian tradition of Korea as unique nature of Korean society based on the same overarching evolutionary modernization narrative in spite of their contradictingly different definition of it as either premodern backwardness or Confucian modernity. In order to go beyond this still dominant essentialized bipolar view on Confucian tradition of Korea, based on a transnational perspective, this paper seeks to show how post-1945 South Korean historiography has redefined Confucian tradition of Korea. Then, to do so, this paper tries to historicize post-1945 South Korean historiography’s appropriation of Max Weber’s bureaucracy and modernization theories for the studies of Koryŏ-Chosŏn history from U.S. academia of social science and tries to rethink about the meaning of this appropriation within the broader context of Cold War and South Korean post-coloniality. Then, this paper turns to look at how post 1945 South Korean historiography on late Koryŏ and early Chosŏn history has struggled to rede ne and reinvent Confucian tradition of Korea as the unique origin of its own modernity that is as close as “Western Modernity”, based on this appropriation of Max Weber’s bureaucracy and modernization theories from 1945 to early 2000.

최만리 등의 諺文 반대 상소와 세종의 訓民正音 제정의 역사적 맥락에 대한 재해석

정다함(Daham Chong) 고려사학회 2023 한국사학보 Vol.- No.90

중저압 배전반 자산관리를 위한 건전도 평가지표 개발

민다함(Daham Min),옥승훈(Seung Hun Ok) 대한전기학회 2023 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2023 No.7