Overexpression of the trehalose‑6‑phosphate phosphatase OsTPP3 increases drought tolerance in rice

Dagang Jiang,Weiting Chen,Jieer Gao,Fen Yang,Chuxiong Zhuang 한국식물생명공학회 2019 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.13 No.3

Trehalose plays an important role in mediating stress responses in plants, and trehalose-6-phosphate synthases and trehalose- 6-phosphate phosphatases are essential for trehalose biosynthesis. Here, we address the function of rice (Oryza sativa) OsTPP3. We analyzed the expression of OsTPP3 in different tissues and stress conditions, and generated OsTPP3-overexpressing rice plants. These plants showed a higher tolerance to simulated drought conditions (10% PEG treatment) than wild-type (WT) plants. Reverse-transcription quantitative PCR analysis indicated that transcript levels of genes related to stress responses and abscisic acid biosynthesis were significantly higher in the OsTPP3 overexpressors than in WT plants. These results highlight the importance of OsTPP3 in conferring drought tolerance in rice.

The Different sets of Confucian Classics and the Ruzang 儒藏: Shuxue 蜀學 in the Confucian Classics System

( Shu Dagang ) 성균관대학교 유교문화연구소 2016 儒敎文化硏究(中文版) Vol.0 No.26

儒學是以經典傳授與詮釋爲主要形式的學術流派, 儒家經典文獻由“四經”而“六經”, 又由“五經”而“七經”, 由“九經”而“十三經”, 是一個不斷擴展和更新的過程。在這個過程中, 巴蜀學人也做出過不朽貢獻:漢代文翁所建石室學宮曾使儒家經典從“五經”擴大到“七經”;五代孟蜀興刻的“蜀石經”, 又使儒家經典從“九經”擴大到“十三經”;近代廖平嚴分“今學、古學”, 又欲將儒學經典從《十三經注疏》向《十八經注疏》推進。借鑒“蜀學”推動經典體系不斷更新的經驗, 爲適應儒學的當代創新性發展和創造性轉化, 打造普及型“六書”(《孝經》、《論語》、《孟子》、《荀子》《大學》、《中庸》), 和高級型“十三經”(《周易》、《尙書》、《詩經》、《周禮》、《儀禮》、《禮記》、《大戴禮記》、《春秋左傳》、《公羊傳》、《穀梁傳》《國語》、《爾雅》、《古樂經傳》)兩個系列, 幷輔以新出土的儒學文獻, 形成內容最全面、校勘最精良的經典文本, 爲儒學的大衆化傳播和學術性提升奠定可靠的文獻基礎。 Confucianism is an academic school which emphasizes teaching and understanding the Confucian classics. The system of the Confucian classics has expanded over time from the Four Classics to Six Classics, and the Five Classics to Seven Classics, and the Nine Classics to the Thirteen Classics. These changes can be understood as a process of expanding and updating the canon of essential Confucian texts. In this process, scholars in Bashu 巴蜀 have made some very significant contributions. During the Han dynasty 漢 Wen Weng 文翁 built the stone school house which extended the Confucian classics from the Five Classics to the Seven Classics; Meng Shu 孟蜀 in the Five Dynasties period engraved Confucian classics in stone, making the Confucian classics expand from the Nine Classics to the Thirteen Classics. In modern times, Liao Ping 廖平 made clear distinction between jinxue 今學 and guxue 古學, wishing to expand the canon of Confucian classics from the Thirteen Classics to the Eighteen Classics. The constant effort of the Shu 蜀school in promoting and updating the Confucian classics set a good model for our efforts to innovate and develop Confucianism by creating two sets of Confucian classics: the Six Books (the Xiaojing 孝經, the Lunyu 論語, the Mengzi 孟子, the Xunzi 荀子, the Daxue 大學, and the Zhongyong 中庸), and an advanced version of the Thirteen Classics “(the Yijing 易經, the Shujing 書經, the Shijing 詩經, the Zhouli 周禮, the Yili 儀禮, the Liji 禮記, the Da Dai Liji 大戴禮記, the Chuqiu zuozhuan 春秋左傳, the Gongyang zhuan 公羊傳, the Guliang zhuan 穀梁傳, the Guoyu 國語, the Er’ya 爾雅, the Gu Yuejing zhuan 古樂經傳). We also seek to integrate the excavated Confucianism classics with the new classics and wish to form the most comprehensive and reliable reservoir of Confucianism to help popularize and universalize the Confucian tradition. [Article in Chinese]

A Lidar-Based Parking Slots Detection System

Weikang Yang,Dagang Li,Wei Xu,Zhide Zhang 한국자동차공학회 2024 International journal of automotive technology Vol.25 No.2

To improve the robustness and eff ectiveness for detecting free parking spaces, we propose a LiDAR-based parking sensingsystem, which contains multi-modules, i.e., perception, free space parking lots’ construction, parking space tracking andobstacle detection. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that our LiDAR-based parking sensing system can not onlypredict free parking spaces at a long distance, but also can achieve superior performance in terms of recall rate and accuracyof detected parking spaces. Moreover, our proposed LiDAR-based parking sensing system can achieve a signifi cant gainover the ultrasonic-based one. Therefore, our proposed system can act an eff ective solution for detecting free parking slotsat a long distance in the fi eld of autonomous driving.

Performance Testing and Comparison of Buckling-restrained Braces with H and Crisscross Cross Section Unrestrained Segments

Mingming Jia,Lanhui Guo,Dagang Lu 한국강구조학회 2014 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.14 No.4

Buckling-restrained braces (BRBs) deliver ductile, stable, and repeatable hysteretic behavior. The plastic deformationcapacity of the BRBs indicates the good indexes both in terms of ultimate deformation and in terms of energy dissipationcapacity. In this paper, the load-carrying elements of BRBs were fabricated with steel (Chinese Q235), and four layers of plasticfilm (0.2 mm in thickness) were used as unbounded materials to prevent the buckling of inner cores in higher modes andprovide spaces to facilitate its lateral expansion in case of compression. The differences of ultimate compression and tensionloads were controlled in a small range. The transformation of the unrestrained segment’s section from crisscross shape to Hshape can significantly improve the moment-resistance capacity of the unrestrained segment, avoiding buckling instabilityeffectively due to evident moment stiffness enhancement. The experimental results of pseudo-static tests (PSTs) under cyclicload indicate: BRB with H cross section unrestrained segments can undergo fully-reversed axial yield cycles without loss ofstiffness or strength, which have large ductility and superior seismic energy dissipation ability. There is obvious strainintensification in tension and compression phases. But there is evident decreasing of stiffness and strength on BRB withcrisscross section unrestrained segments due to the buckling of unrestrained segment under compression, the ductility andenergy dissipation ability decline distinctly.

Gelation Modification of Alginate Nonwoven Fabrics

Jie Liu,Yun Liu,Dagang Miao,Shuying Sui,Chuanjie Zhang,Ping Zhu 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.8

Calcium alginate nonwoven fabrics were gelation-modified by two-stage with aqueous HCl solution and then ethanolic NaOH solution. The structure and crystallinity properties of the samples were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, and XRD. The preparation conditions and modification mechanism were investigated. The results indicated that the crystal structure of calcium alginate fibers was destroyed; the crystallinity and calcium ion content decreased after HCl treatment. This resulted from the formation of ester bonds among the hydrolytic molecules after NaOH treatment. The best gel performance was obtained at the HCl concentration of 0.05-0.1 wt% with the NaOH concentration in ethanol of 2-4 mol/l. The liquid absorption of nonwoven alginate fabrics increased by 145 %. The water capability increased by 2673 % after modification, while the thickness, mass per unit area, permeability, and tensile strength of nonwoven alginate fabrics changed little.

Ductile capacity study of buckling-restrained braced steel frame with rotational connections

Mingming Jia,Jinzhou He,Dagang Lu 국제구조공학회 2023 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.46 No.3

The maximum ductility and cumulative ductility of connection joints of Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames (BRBF) are critical to the structural overall performance, which should be matched with the BRB ductility. The two-story and one-span BRBF with a one-third scale was tested under cyclic quasi-static loading, and the top-flange beam splice (TFBS) rotational connections were proposed and adopted in BRBF. The deformation capacity of TFBS connections was observed during the test, and the relationship between structural global ductility and local connection ductility was studied. The rotational capacity of the beam-column connections and the stability performance of the BRBs are highly relevant to the structural overall performance. The hysteretic curves of BRBF are stable and full under large displacement demand imposed up to 2% story drift, and energy is dissipated as the large plastic deformation developed in the structural components. The BRBs acted as fuses and yielded first, and the cumulative plastic ductility (CPD) of BRBs is 972.6 of the second floor and 439.7 of the first floor, indicating the excellent energy dissipation capacity of BRBs. Structural members with good local ductility ensure the large global ductility of BRBF. The ductile capacity and hysteretic behavior of BRBF with TFBS connections were compared with those of BRBF with Reduced Beam Section (RBS) connections in terms of the experimental results.

Soybean GmAOC3 promotes plant resistance to the common cutworm by increasing the expression of genes involved in resistance and volatile substance emission in transgenic tobaccos

Qian Wu,Hui Wang,Juanjuan Wu,Dagang Wang,Yongli Wang,Lei Zhang,Zhiping Huang,Deyue Yu 한국식물학회 2015 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.58 No.4

The evaluation and use of endogenous soybean genes is an effective strategy to minimize the yield losses caused by insects. Allene oxide cyclase (AOC) catalyzes the most important step in the biosynthesis of jasmonate (JA), which plays a crucial role in plant defense against insects. In this study, the role of GmAOC3 in plant insect resistance was evaluated. Real-time PCR results indicate that GmAOC3 was uniquely and rapidly activated and attained peak expression in leaves after attack by the common cutworm (CCW). In insect bioassays, transgenic lines overexpressing GmAOC3 were significantly less damaged than wild-type plants, and the relative growth rate of CCW fed with leaves from transgenic lines was significantly lower than that of CCW fed with leaves from wild-type plants. Electron microscopy revealed that the density of leaf trichomes in transgenic lines overexpressing GmAOC3 was greater than that in wild-type tobacco. Several physiological and morphological indicators, including JA, phenolic content and the relative expression levels of the putrescine N-methyltransferase (PMT) and proteinase inhibitor (PI) genes, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity and volatile substances, increased in the transgenic plants overexpressing GmAOC3. Our findings indicate that GmAOC3 plays an important role in soybean resistance to CCW and can be used as a resource for plant breeding.

Failure Mechanism of Single-layer Steel Reticular Domes with Reinforced Concrete Substructure Subjected to Severe Earthquakes

Chen Lu,Zhiwei Yu,Shuiming Li,Dagang Lu,Jian Liu 한국강구조학회 2016 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.16 No.4

This paper performs the research on failure mechanism of single-layer steel reticulated domes with the reinforced concrete substructure subjected to sever earthquakes. Based on ABAQUS, this paper built user-defined material subroutines of the steel and the reinforced concrete, which took material non-linearity and the material damage accumulation into consideration. The failure mechanism of reticulated domes with reinforced concrete substructures under severe earthquakes is studied by the nonlinear dynamic response analysis. Three different failure modes of single-layer reticular domes with different sizes of reinforced concrete substructure are illustrated. Failure criterion is put forward to discriminate the failure modes and to estimate the critical load strength for single-layer reticular domes based on the structural damage theory. It has been found that reinforced concrete substructure has significant impact on the failure behaviors and the critical load of reticulated domes under seismic loads. It is essential to consider the influence of the reinforced concrete substructure upon the failure behaviors in the structural analysis and design process of reticular domes.

Analysis and Modeling of Longitudinal Deformation Profiles Considering the Reinforcement Effect of Tunnel Face in Weak Rocks

Zhi-long Wang,Ming-nian Wang,Dagang Liu 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.26 No.12

Convergence-confinement method (CCM) has become a common method for tunnel design due to its simplicity and practicality. The ground reaction curve (GRC), the support characteristic curve (SCC) and the longitudinal deformation profile (LDP) are all considered in this method. One of these is the LDP, which serves as a unique identifier for the location of the tunnel support. The installation point of the tunnel support is one of the most important outcomes of the method. LDP is more impacted by the reinforcement of the tunnel face. However, more existing LDP calculation methods do not consider the reinforcement of the tunnel face. A study on methods for calculating LDP considering the tunnel face reinforcement was carried out to address this constraint of CCM. Firstly, the transformation of tunnel face extrusion deformation and pre-convergence deformation at the tunnel face is realized in accordance with equivalent volume. Then a model of LDP with the tunnel face extrusion deformation as the variable was established considering the tunnel face reinforcement effect. The proposed model's accuracy is assessed in comparison with other typical models. We conclude with parametric analyses concerning the tunnel face reinforcement's effects on the point of support installation, as well as convergence deformation of the tunnel. By taking into account tunnel faces' reinforcement effects, tunnel support design can be more accurate, and the construction costs can be reduced.

3D wet-spinning printing of wearable flexible electronic sensors of polypyrrole@polyvinyl formate

Jun Qian,Ruimin Xiao,Fan Su,Mengna Guo,Dagang Liu 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.111 No.-

Polymer based 3D printings are generally generated from the melt fluids or gels instead of polymer solution. Inspired by continuous wet-spinning of polymer fiber, we explored a new polyvinyl formate (PVFm)printing ink which was directly coagulated by water and mold into designed 3D elastic architectureslayer-by-layer. The degree of esterification (DE), chemical structure, morphology, and mechanical propertiesof PVFm were all investigated. Furthermore, 3D PVFm was coated by polypyrrole (PPy) via in-situpolymerization to fabricate wearable flexible electronic sensors. The relative resistance changes and sensitivityof PPy@PVFm on monitoring physical strain and pressure were characterized. Results show thatPPy@PVFm could stably and sensitively recognize human body activities through relative changes inresistance in a wide range of linear relationship. Therefore, a new protocol is readily to realize a strategyof 3D wet-spinning printing and wearable flexible electronic sensors.