19세기 후반, 동아시아인의 서구 심리학 수용 -니시 아마네와 옌용징의 ‘mental philosophy’·‘psychology’ 번역을 중심으로-

이대승 ( Lee¸ Dae-seung ) 한국동서철학회 2020 동서철학연구 Vol.0 No.98

이 글은 조셉 헤이븐의 Mental Philosophy(1857)에 대한 니시 아마네(西周)와 옌용징(顏永京)의 번역서를 중심으로 19세기 후반 동아시아인의 서구 심리학 수용 양상을 탐색하였다. 동아시아에 최초로 번역된 서구 심리학서는 조셉 헤이븐의 Mental Philosophy이다. 이 책은 일본의 니시 아마네에 의해 『心理學』(1875~76)이라는 제목으로 번역된다. 이 책이 동아시아 최초의 서구 심리학 번역서로, 니시 아마네가 여기서 사용한 ‘심리학’어휘는 ‘psychology’의 번역어로 현재 널리 사용된다. 하지만 그가 사용한 ‘심리학’은 본래 ‘심리철학’의 약칭으로서 ‘mental philosophy’의 역어이고, ‘性理學’이 ‘psychology’의 역어였다. 조셉 헤이븐의 책은 중국에서 옌용징에 의해 『心靈學』(1889)로 번역된다. 여기서 옌용징은 ‘mental philosophy’와 ‘psychology’를 모두 ‘심령학’으로 번역한다. 니시 아마네는 전통 유교 사상을 토대로 서구 심리학을 비교 해석하고 번역어를 선택한 반면, 옌용징은 선교사로서 신학을 지적 배경에 두고 서구 심리학을 이해하고 그에 적합한 번역어를 채택한다. 니시 아마네와 옌용징의 방식은 수용자 혹은 번역자의 학적 토대에 따라 역어의 선택이 달라진다는 것을 보여준다. 니시 아마네 이후 일본에서는 근대 학문으로서 신심리학이 점차 보급되고 정착되는데, 그 과정에서 ‘심리학’이 ‘psychology’의 역어로 자리하게 된다. 중국에서는 19세기 말에 일본의 ‘심리학’ 용어가 수용되어 20세기 초부터 널리 사용된다. This article explored the aspects of East Asians' acceptance of Western psychology in the late 19th century, focusing on translations of Nishi Amane and Yan Yongjing about Joseph Haven's writings, Mental Philosophy (1857). The first Western psychology book translated into East Asia is Joseph Haven's Mental Philosophy. The book is translated by Nishi Amane of Japan under the title Shinrigaku 心理學 (1875-76). This book is the first Western psychological translation of East Asia, where the term "心理學" is now widely used as a translation of "psychology". However, the term "心理學" used by Nishi Amane was originally an abbreviation for "Shinri philosophy 心理哲學", which was the term for "mental philosophy", "Senligaku 性理學" was the term for "psychology". Joseph Haven's book is translated into Xinling xue 心靈學 (1889) by Yan Yongjing in China. At this time, Yan Yongjing translated both 'mental philosophy' and 'psychology' into "Xinling xue 心靈學." Based on traditional Confucian ideas, Nishi Amane compared and interpreted Western psychology and chose a translation. Yan Yongjing, as a missionary, put theology in an intellectual background and understood Western psychology and adopted an appropriate translation. The cases of Nishi Amane and Yan Yongjing show that the choice of the terms depends on the academic foundation of the acceptor or translator. After Nishi Amane’s Shinrigaku 心理學, psychology as a modern science gradually spread and settled in Japan, in which the term "心理學" became the accepted translation for "psychology." In China, the Japanese term "心理學" was accepted and widely used after the end of the 19th century.

A Study on the Performance Evaluation of Packet Scheduling Algorithms for Different Traffic Models in LTE System

Daeseung Yoo(유대승),Gwangja Jin(진광자),Byungtae Jang(장병태),Le Thanh Tuan(레탄투안),Soonghwan Ro(노승환) 대한전자공학회 2011 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.12

In this paper, we analyzed the performance of the LTE system with various scheduling algorithms. In order to assess the performance of schedulers a dynamic system simulator is used that details all the features of the downlink of an LTE system in a multi-cellular environment. The simulator will be used to analyze the impact of different scheduling policies for different traffic models from standpoint of delay and throughput. The first step involves analyzing the operation of a downlink LTS system. In the next step, we talk about a Constrained Packet Scheduling Algorithm (CPSA) for the constraint of traffic and proportional fairness (PF). Then, we test the performance of these algorithms for each type of traffic. The results are then evaluated to verify the appropriate operation and delay requirements of PSAs that match our original setup.

Generation and propagation of elastic waves on a pipe by open-shell transducers

Daeseung Kim,김진오 대한기계학회 2011 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.25 No.10

This paper deals with the generation and propagation of elastic waves on an empty pipe and on a water-filled pipe by open-shell transducers theoretically, numerically, and experimentally. The dispersion equations relating wave speed to frequency were derived by using the cylindrical shell theory. The theoretical analysis was verified by comparing the calculated dispersion curves with the frequencywavenumber spectrums obtained from the finite-element analysis and by comparing the calculated wave speeds with the results measured by using open-shell transducers as transmitters and receivers. The finite-element analysis revealed that the waves of only evennumbered wave modes were generated by the open-shell transducers symmetrically located along the circumference of the pipe and that the axisymmetric wave propagates faster than non-axisymmetric waves.

Sandglass-type product specification management method for supporting modular design of semiconductor manufacturing equipment

Daeseung Cho,한정호,Jeongsam Yang 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.5

The product life cycle for semiconductor manufacturing facilities has been significantly reduced as a result of the technological advancement of the semiconductor manufacturing process and the expansion of its demand. To ensure long-term market competitiveness under this environment, many companies attempt to convert their systems into mass customization production systems. In general, the specification management for semiconductor manufacturing equipment has adopted the method of making the bill of materials structure of the existing equipment into a new one based on the same physical structure and then customizing it according to a customer’s demands in the detail design phase. However, this method results in longer lead times and difficulties maintaining data consistency due to frequent design changes in connection with various derived products. We suggest a sandglass-type product specification management method to efficiently reflect varying and versatile requirements in product development and shorten the design lead time. In addition, we propose a method to support the modular design of semiconductor manufacturing equipment by classifying the standard specifications for a final product into product component and part component specifications. Finally, we develop a closed-loop product specification management system called NEXUS using our method, and apply this system to semiconductor manufacturing processes.

Reductive Transformation of Tetrachloroethene Catalyzed by Sulfide–Cobalamin in Nano-Mackinawite Suspension

Kyung, Daeseung,Amir, Amnorzahira,Choi, Kyunghoon,Lee, Woojin American Chemical Society 2015 INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH - Vol.54 No.5

<P>In this study, we demonstrated the reductive substitution of aquo–cobalamin(III) (Cbl(III)–H<SUB>2</SUB>O) by sulfide–cobalamin(III) (Cbl(III)–S<SUP>2–</SUP>) in the presence of S<SUP>2–</SUP>. Cbl(III)–H<SUB>2</SUB>O was transformed to Cbl(III)–S<SUP>2–</SUP> via ligand substitution of H<SUB>2</SUB>O by S<SUP>2–</SUP> at its axial position, due to the weakness of the bond strength of cobalt with H<SUB>2</SUB>O. Cbl(III)–S<SUP>2–</SUP> was reduced to sulfide–cobalamin(II) and partially further to sulfide–cobalamin(I) as the concentration of S<SUP>2–</SUP> increased from 0.1 to 5.0 mM. In the presence of nanomackinawite (nFeS), Cbl(III)–S<SUP>2–</SUP> species were fully adsorbed onto the nFeS surface, and its reactivity was enhanced by the reactive surface chemical species. The dechlorination kinetic rate constant of tetrachloroethene by Cbl(III)–S<SUP>2–</SUP> in nFeS suspension (<I>k</I><SUB>nFeS–Cbl(III)–S</SUB><SUP>2–</SUP> = 0.008 ± 0.001 h<SUP>–1</SUP>) was 4 times greater than that by Cbl(III)–H<SUB>2</SUB>O, showing a potential role for ≡S<SUP>2–</SUP>–Cbl(II) as a more effective electron transfer mediator than ≡S<SUB><I>n</I></SUB><SUP>2–</SUP>–Cbl(II) and ≡OH–Cbl(II). The experimental results provide fundamental knowledge on potential biogeochemical reactions relevant to interactions between S<SUP>2–</SUP> and bacterial coenzyme in nFeS suspension, which can significantly enhance reductive dechlorination of chlorinated compounds in contaminated sites.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/iecred/2015/iecred.2015.54.issue-5/ie503605n/production/images/medium/ie-2014-03605n_0007.gif'></P>

21세기 디지털환경에 있어서의 TV방송영상물 보호와 자유로운 접근 간의 이익균형

양대승(Daeseung YANG) 세창출판사 2011 창작과 권리 Vol.- No.64

The illegal downloading of television program is undergoing a heavy exponential development because of the popularity enjoyed by the television series. At first glance, the question presents no singularity enough to be distinguished from downloading music or movies. Audiovisual works are protected, the rights holders could legitimately sue Internet infringement. But, it is not certain that this is the best way. The damage suffered by the claimants is indeed much more difficult to characterize than in other areas. It may even happen that some TV programs are gaining popularity due to publicity about the download. The best way to fight effectively against this practice would in fact review the methods of distributing programs to adapt to the digital world. For example, consider the case of music market. If we look at the figures provided by the recording industry, we soon realize that the drop record sales would gradually be offset by the continuing success of purchasing music on-line platforms legal downloads. The development of peer-to-peer has forced the majors to rethink methods of distributing their works in order to adapt to digital world. It could also be true for audiovisual works: faced with pressure, producers and broadcasters have no alternative but to invent the television of the twenty-first century.

Which CDM methodology is the best option? A case study of CDM business on S-Water treatment plant

Kyung, Daeseung,Lee, Woojin Techno-Press 2012 Advances in environmental research Vol.1 No.2

Clean development mechanism (CDM) validity study was conducted to suggest better and more adaptable CDM scenario on water treatment plant (WTP). Potential four scenarios for CDM project; improvement of intake pumping efficiency, hydro power plant construction, solar panel construction and system optimization of mechanical mixing process were evaluated on S-WTP in Korea. Net present value (NPV) of each scenario was estimated based on sensitivity analysis with the variable factors to investigate the CDM validity percentile. Hydro power plant construction was the best option for CDM business with 97.76% validity and $1,127,069 mean profit by 9,813 $tonsCO_2e$/yr reduction. CDM validity on improvement of intake pumping efficiency was 90.2% with $124,305 mean profit by huge amount of $CO_2$ mitigation (10,347 $tonsCO_2e$/yr). System optimization of mechanical mixing process reduced 15% of energy consumption (3,184 $tonsCO_2e$/yr) and its CDM validity and mean profit was 77.25% and $23,942, respectively. Solar panel construction could make the effect of 14,094 $tonsCO_2$ mitigation annually and its CDM validity and mean profit was 64.68% and $228,487, respectively.

保護繼電 시스템의 設計와 適用

辛大承(DaeSeung Shin) 대한전기학회 1980 전기의 세계 Vol.29 No.4

도시 미세먼지 저감 전략 및 기술개발

경대승(Daeseung Kyung) 대한토목학회 2018 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.10

Numerical study of CO₂ hydrate dissolution rates in the ocean: Effect of pressure, temperature, and salinity

Kyung, Daeseung,Ji, Sukwon,Lee, Woojin Techno-Press 2015 Advances in environmental research Vol.4 No.1

In this study, we numerically investigated the effect of pressure (100-250 bar), temperature (274-288 K), and salinity (3.5% w/w electrolytes) on $CO_2$ hydrate dissolution rates in the ocean. Mass transfer equations and $CO_2$ solubility data were used to estimate the $CO_2$ hydrate dissolution rates. The higher pressure and lower temperature significantly reduced the $CO_2$ hydrate dissolution rates due to the increase of $CO_2$ particle density. In the high salinity condition, the rates of $CO_2$ hydrate dissolution were decreased compared to pure water control. This is due to decrease of $CO_2$ solubility in surrounding water, thus reducing the mass transfer of $CO_2$ from the hydrate particle to $CO_2$ under-saturated water. The results obtained from this study could provide fundamental knowledge to slow down or prevent the $CO_2$ hydrate dissolution for long-term stable $CO_2$ storage in the ocean as a form of $CO_2$ hydrate.