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- 저자 : Cropley (검색결과 7 건)
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Correlates of Creativity among Visual Art Students
Chiara Simone Haller,Delphine Sophie Courvoisier,David H. Cropley 대한사고개발학회 2010 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.20 No.1
The present study analyzes differences in functional creativity among visual art students in their year of assessment, according to the Revised Functional Creativity Scale (Haller, Courvoisier, & Cropley, 2009) originally published by Cropley (2005). The products of 55 art students of two different schools were rated by ten experts (five art instructors at each school) according to their usual grading criteria. The same experts plus five novices then completed a questionnaire developed according to the indicators of creativity spelled out in this paper. Furthermore personality profiles, thinking styles, complexity, and intelligence of the students were measured with the German version of the NEO-Five-Factor-Inventory (NEO-FFI) of Costa and McCrae (1992), by Borkenau and Ostendorf (1993), the Heuristic questionnaire of Groner and Groner (1990), and the Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM) sets A, B, C, D and E of Raven (1976). Results showed that there are personality profiles, thinking styles, and complexities which can be seen as predictors of functional creativity. However, different predictors were significant for different groups (all raters, expert raters only, novice raters only). The results show that the Revised Functional Creativity Scale as applied by Haller, Courvoisier, and Cropley (2009) does not yet measure functional creativity with the necessary degree of objectivity.
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Understanding Value Innovation in Organizations: A Psychological Framework
David Cropley,Arthur Cropley 대한사고개발학회 2011 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.21 No.1
There is widespread acceptance that organizations must innovate in order to prosper. However, research has shown that the processes, personal properties, necessary products and environmental conditions involved in value innovation are often contradictory. Consequently, there is urgent need of a framework for concep- tualizing the interactions among the elements in this complex of factors. Differentiating psychological research on the Ps of creativity to encompass six Ps and integrating psychological and organizational research and theory on the phases of creativity provides the basis for a taxonomy of value innovation which resolves the contradictions (different processes, products and press are needed in different phases). A systematic taxonomy offers a theoretical framework for further research, suggests how to assess the innovation-friendliness of organizations, and offers insights into remedial measures.
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Creativity And Education: An Australian Perspective
Arthur Cropley 대한사고개발학회 2012 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.22 No.1
In Australia in recent years there has been intense interest at policy making level in promoting creativity in schools because of its perceived benefits for society. However, this has not been accompanied by thoroughgoing implementation of creativity as a basic pedagogical principle. Such implementation is being hindered by a tendency to restrict understanding of creativity to artistic activities, to conflate creativity with giftedness or special needs, and to regard fostering creativity as incompatible with promoting traditional classroom skills. Nonetheless, some Australian theorists and researchers have emphasized the need for creative pedagogy in all areas of curriculum and with all students. Creative pedagogy is argued to improve learning and reduce misbehaviour, boredom, absenteeism, and the like. It requires appropriate concepts of creativity and well worked out terminology to facilitate communication among the various parties involved. These should flow into effective teacher training in creative teaching methods and guidelines for classroom processes such as assessment.
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Fighting the Slump: A Multi-Faceted Exercise For Fostering Creativity in Children
David H. Cropley 대한사고개발학회 2014 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.24 No.2
Declining creativity test scores (Kim, 2011) have renewed interest in mechanisms to stimulate and foster creativity both at home and in schools. There are many comprehensive discussions of the factors that must be addressed to develop the “habit” (Sternberg, 2007) of creativity. However, parents and teachers may struggle in turning these descriptive guidelines into practical action. To assist in fighting the slump in creativity scores, especially among young children, parents and teachers may benefit from a combination of: (a) general explanatory guidelines that outline the principles of fostering creativity (WHAT?) and, (b) specific implementation guidelines that detail the creation of practical activities to achieve the desired outcome (HOW?). A creative problem-solving exercise described in this paper and serves as an example of how to translate the explanatory guidelines into concrete action. The exercise addresses each of Sternberg’s (2007) “12 keys for developing the creativity habit in children” (p.8) in a manner that can be replicated or applied to new problems. The study described also presents statistical evidence from a small-scale, pilot study to support the hypothesis that the exercise can lead to an increase in measured creativity in participants.
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Examining the Relationship between Mental Health, Creative Thought, and Optimism
Diem H. Le,David H. Cropley,David H. Gleaves 대한사고개발학회 2015 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.25 No.1
We investigated the relationship between mental health, creative thought, and optimism. Sixty-six young adults, aged between 18 and 30, completed measures of creativity (TCT-DP), dispositional optimism (LOT-R), mental health (DASS-21) and negative emotional states (DASS-21). Analyses indicated moderate positive correlations between creative thinking, mental health, and optimism. In addition, optimism was found to be negatively associated with the negative emotional states of depression and anxiety, however not with stress. No statistically significant correlation was found between creativity and the negative emotional states of depression, anxiety, and stress. The results suggest that mentally healthy individuals have the essential tools for coping with stressful situations and maintaining a positive outlook on life. This type of effective stress management requires the individual to remain flexible and creative at all times. The findings represent an important contribution for understanding the benefits of maintaining, or fostering, creative thinking, mental health, and optimism.
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Steffen Landgraf,Anastasiya Ilinykh,Chiara S. Haller,Olga Shemelina,David Cropley,Isabella von Treskow,Olga M. Razumnikova,Tanja Kutscher,Elke van der Meer 대한사고개발학회 2015 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.25 No.1
This study investigates the impact of cultural background on creativity and schizotypy. Verbal and figural creativity, as well as schizotypal personality traits were assessed in 45 German and 46 Russian individuals. First, while Russian women scored higher on creative abilities than German women, German men scored higher than Russian men. Second, Germans compared to Russians showed higher “innovative capacities”, that is, product-oriented creativity. Third, ‘negative’ schizotypy predicted “innovative capacities”, and this effect was mediated by culture. These results suggest that the construct validity of creativity and schizotypy, as well as their association may be culture-specific. Thus, cultural backgrounds may contribute to labeling behavior as socially acceptable, e.g., creative, or psychopathological, e.g., schizotypal.
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