Failure of Dermal Allograft Repair of Massive Rotator Cuff Tears in Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Clinical Assessment

Conor James Craig Gouk,Ryan Mark Shulman,Craig Buchan,Michael John Evan Thomas,Fraser James Taylor 대한정형외과학회 2019 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.11 No.2

Background: Massive retracted rotator cuff tears represent a therapeutic dilemma, particularly in the young and middle-aged patients who are not appropriate for a reverse total shoulder replacement. Interposition grafting using human dermal allograft offers an alternative treatment. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients who underwent interposition grafting using human dermal allograft between December 2013 and May 2015 for massive rotator cuff tears at our tertiary referral center was performed. Preoperative and 6 month postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessments were performed in all patients, with postoperative graft integrity being the primary outcome measure. Clinical evaluation was performed using the Oxford shoulder score, Constant score, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score. Results: The mean age at the time of follow-up was 54 years. On MRI, 84% of grafts were seen to have failed at 6 months. Strength was grossly reduced on the operative side when supraspinatus and subscapularis were tested; despite this, Constant score (mean, 48.2) was comparable to that in the previous reports. DASH and Oxford scores were a mean of 24.94 and 37.16, respectively. Conclusions: Based on these results, in particular the MRI findings, we cannot advocate the use of dermal allograft as an interposition graft for the repair of massive rotator cuff tears.

Contact Lens During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Craig A Woods 대한시과학회 2020 대한시과학회지 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.11

China as the Leader of the Small and Weak: The "Ruoxiao" Nations and Guomindang Nationalism

Craig A. Smith 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2017 Cross-Currents Vol.0 No.24

Frustrated with the “white imperialism” of the League of Nations and the “red imperialism” of the Third Communist International, a number of Chinese intellectuals began discussing possibilities for a third option during the interwar years. Turning away from liberalism and Marxism, they examined Sun Yat-sen’s Three Principles of the People and began working to promote his Principle of Nationalism as a concept that focused on the ruoxiao (weak and small nations) and could liberate people around the world that were suffering under imperialism. This discourse often centered on the possibility of creating a new form of “International,” the International of Nations, which would unite the oppressed nations of the world in opposition to the imperialist nations, rather than divide nations along class lines, as Chinese critics perceived the Comintern to do. This article examines Chinese intellectual discussions of a China-centered “International” by a variety of writers, including Dai Jitao and Hu Hanmin, from 1925 to 1937. The author shows that, although this discourse on a China-centered “International of Nations” influenced intellectuals’ perceptions of China’s position and responsibility in the world, it was consumed and invalidated by Japanese imperialism, as the Japanese Empire employed a similar discourse of pan-Asianism to justify militarism in the 1930s and 1940s.

Approaching Recycling of ELVs and E-waste from a Regional Perspective in Asia-Pacific: An Overview of Key Project Work and Cooperation

( Craig Boljkovac ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2019 ISSE 초록집 Vol.2019 No.-

The Asia-Pacific Region is one of the most important regions for both recycling of ELVs and e-waste. Through a number of cooperative mechanisms, including Regional Centers for the Basel Convention (including at Tsinghua University in China); Tripartite Environment Ministers Meetings among China, Japan and Republic of Korea; and other forums and organizations, progress at both the policy and practical levels is being made. Nevertheless, significant challenges remain in many countries, including: a lack of coherent national legislation, policies and enforcement; a lack of technical know-how (including latest technologies and techniques for recycling); lack of resources and the general low priority recycling has on the policy agendas of many countries. Conversely, there is growing recognition of the value of the outputs of ELV and e-waste recycling - including some phenomenal success stories in the region. With China’s Belt and Road Initiative and given China’s recent waste import ban, a greater focus on investment in recycling of ELVs and e-waste is taking place, with some initial success stories. In the meantime, continued projects focusing on training and capacity building for national and local government officials and the private and informal sectors are ongoing, leading to greater awareness and progress on this issue. Progress on emerging issues (such as recycling of solar panels and electric batteries), where little, if any focus is being placed by governments at present, can also be strengthened through cooperation within the region. At the international level, there is, concurrent with the recent 30th anniversary of the Basel Convention, growing recognition that the future of waste management lies with the Asia-Pacific Region. Increased technology transfer, cooperation between experienced companies and governments in other regions (e.g. Europe and North America), and initiatives through the United Nations and other international organizations will likely serve to assist in solving the significant challenges ELVs and e-waste recycling pose for the region.

Utility of Multidetector Computed Tomographic Angiography as an Alternative to Transesophageal Echocardiogram for Preoperative Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair Planning

Craig Basman,Caroline Ong,Tikal Kansara,Zain Kassam,Caleb Wutawunashe,Jennifer Conroy,Arber Kodra,Biana Trost,Priti Mehla,Luigi Pirelli,Jacob Scheinerman,Varinder P Singh,Chad A Kliger 한국심초음파학회 2023 Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (J Cardiovasc Im Vol.31 No.1

BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional (3D) transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of degenerative mitral regurgitation (dMR) and preoperative planning for transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVr). TEE is an invasive modality requiring anesthesia and esophageal intubation. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic has limited the number of elective invasive procedures. Multi-detector computed tomographic angiography (MDCT) provides high-resolution images and 3D reconstructions to assess complex mitral anatomy. We hypothesized that MDCT would reveal similar information to TEE relevant to TMVr, thus deferring the need for a preoperative TEE in certain situations like during a pandemic. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data on patients who underwent or were evaluated for TMVr for dMR with preoperative MDCT and TEE between 2017 and 2019. Two TEE and 2 MDCT readers, blinded to patient outcome, analyzed: leaflet pathology (flail, degenerative, mixed), leaflet location, mitral valve area (MVA), flail width/gap, anterior-posterior (AP) and commissural diameters, posterior leaflet length, leaflet thickness, presence of mitral valve cleft and degree of mitral annular calcification (MAC). RESULTS: A total of 22 (out of 87) patients had preoperative MDCT. MDCT correctly identified the leaflet pathology in 77% (17/22), flail leaflet in 91% (10/11), MAC degree in 91% (10/11) and the dysfunctional leaflet location in 95% (21/22) of patients. There were no differences in the measurements for MVA, flail width, commissural or AP diameter, posterior leaflet length, and leaflet thickness. MDCT overestimated the measurements of flail gap. CONCLUSIONS: For preoperative TMVr planning, MDCT provided similar measurements to TEE in our study.

교회교육 지도자들을 위한 전문지 / 현대 기독교교육사상 5 : 신앙발달과 종교교육

(Craig R . Dykstra),고용수 (역) 장로회신학대학교 기독교교육연구원 1985 교육교회 Vol.- No.114

Applying Theory Informed Global Trends in a Collaborative Model for Organizational Evidence-based Healthcare

Craig Lockwood 한국간호행정학회 2017 간호행정학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Getting evidence in to practice tends to focus on strategies, theories and studies that aim to close the gap between research knowledge and clinical practice. The evidence to practice gap is more about systems than individual clinician decision making. The absence of evidence for administration and management in the organization of healthcare is persistent. Teaching nurses and providing evidence as the solution to evidence-based healthcare is no longer axiomatic. Previous studies have concluded that unit level strategies integrate multi-professional teams with organizational needs and priorities. This ‘best fit’ approach that characterizes how healthcare is structured and delivered. The published literature shows that increased readiness for change is aligned with integrated approaches informed by conceptual models. The Joanna Briggs Collaboration is the largest global collaboration to integrate evidence within a theory informed model that brings together academic centres, hospitals and health systems for evidence synthesis, transfer and implementation. The best approaches to implementation are tailored to local culture and context, benchmark against international evidence, combine a theory informed model and stakeholder perspectives to improve the structure and processes of health care policy and practice.

Molecular Structure of Muscle Filaments Determined by Electron Microscopy

Craig, Roger Korean Society of Microscopy 2017 Applied microscopy Vol.47 No.4

Electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction have together played a key role in our understanding of the molecular structure and mechanism of contraction of muscle. This review highlights the role of electron microscopy, from early insights into thick and thin filament structure by negative staining, to studies of single myosin molecule structure, and finally to recent high-resolution structures by cryo-electron microscopy. Muscle filaments are designed for movement. Their labile structures thus present challenges to obtaining near-atomic detail, which are also discussed.

교사가 어려워하는 교실영어 연습

Craig C. Merrill 한국어린이미디어학회 2006 한국어린이미디어학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2006 No.-

Extended nursing and/or increased starter diet allowances for low weaning weight pigs

Craig Aimee-Louise,Muns Ramon,Gordon Alan,Magowan Elizabeth 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.8

Objective: To evaluate the use of nurse sows and post-weaning nutrition strategies for low wean weight (WW) pigs on lifetime growth and efficiency. Methods: Animals (n = 270) were assigned to one of five treatments at 28 d. Low WW pigs (<6 kg) were either weaned and offered a special dietary regime recommended for low WW pigs (WEAN) or placed on a nurse sow (NURSE) and weaned at 49 d. Normal WW pigs (9 kg) (NORM) were also weaned at 28 d. After weaning, NORM and NURSE pigs were offered either a ‘high’ (4 kg/pig of starter 1 diet followed by 8 kg/pig of starter 2 diet) or ‘low’ (8 kg/pig of starter 2 diet) starter diet allowance in a 2×2 factorial arrangement. A typical grower diet was then offered, followed by a typical finisher diet until 147 d of age. Results: NORM pigs where heavier throughout their life compared to NURSE pigs (91.4 kg vs 76.2 kg at 147 d; p<0.001). WEAN pigs were heavier at 70 d compared to NURSE pigs (23.9 kg vs 21.0 kg; p<0.001), but there was no significant difference at 147 d between NURSE and WEAN treatments. NURSE pigs had reduced feed intake throughout the finishing period (1.6 kg/d; p<0.001) compared to WEAN (2.0 kg/d) and NORM (1.9 kg/d) pigs. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of NURSE (2.20) was lower than NORM and WEAN during the finishing period (2.40 and 2.79, respectively). Conclusion: Extended (up to 49 d) nursing for low WW pigs resulted in improved FCR during the finishing period, but no overall improvement in growth rate compared to low WW pigs weaned at 28 d and offered a specialised starter regime. Normal WW pigs where significantly heavier than low WW pigs throughout the study.