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An Evaluation of Bitrate Adaptation Methods for HTTP Live Streaming
Truong Cong Thang,Le, Hung T.,Pham, Anh T.,Yong Man Ro IEEE 2014 IEEE journal on selected areas in communications Vol.32 No.4
<P>HTTP streaming has become a cost-effective means for multimedia delivery nowadays. For adaptivity to networks and terminals, a provider should generate multiple representations of an original video as well as the related metadata. Recently, there have been various adaptation methods to support adaptive HTTP streaming. In this paper, we investigate typical adaptation methods in the context of live video streaming. We first discuss the trade-off among typical adaptation methods. The evaluation and comparison are then carried out not only in terms of bitrate and buffer behaviors but also in terms of the perceptual impact on end users. It is found that the perceptual impact depends not only on adaptation method but also on the content itself. We also show that the preparation of representation sets may affect the behaviors of some adaptation methods.</P>
The Nexus Between Education and Structural Transformation: Evidence from Vietnam
Cong Bac TRUONG,Van TRAN 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.10
Both structural transformation and education are the predominant subjects in the literature of development economics. This study examines the relationship between education before the tertiary level and the structural transformation of provinces by using Vietnam as a case study. In this study, education before the tertiary level would be disaggregated into three groups: primary, lower secondary, and upper secondary, then analyzed simultaneously on three-panel data models. Research data is taken from the statistical yearbook of provinces in Vietnam for 2015–2018. Research results show that education before the tertiary level plays a vital role in structural transformation. The enrolment rate of various education levels has a different influence on economic structure, and the lower secondary level has more significant effects than the upper secondary level. This reflects that participating in lower secondary is a fundamental requirement for taking some jobs in the non-agriculture sector, while upper secondary helps to upgrade the learner’s abilities to respond to higher requirement jobs. The high rate of repeaters in upper secondary education will slow down the structural shift towards non-agriculture, and changing the traditional attitude about repeaters plays an essential role in improving this rate.
Adaptive Video Streaming over HTTP with Dynamic Resource Estimation
Truong Cong Thang,Hung T. Le,Hoc X. Nguyen,Anh T. Pham,강정원,노용만 한국통신학회 2013 Journal of communications and networks Vol.15 No.6
Adaptive hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) streaminghas become a new trend to support adaptivity in video delivery. AnHTTP streaming client needs to estimate exactly resource availabilityand resource demand. In this paper, we focus on themost importantresource which is bandwidth. A new and general formulationfor throughput estimation is presented taking into account previousvalues of instant throughput and round trip time. Besides, weintroduce for the first time the use of bitrate estimation in HTTPstreaming. The experiments show that our approach can effectivelycope with drastic changes in connection throughput and video bitrate.