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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Cohen, Andrew Connolly (검색결과 236 건)
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Cohen, Micah Raphael University of Southern California 2010 해외박사(DDOD)
This study examined two questions concerning the quality of critical reflections of school psychologists. The first question concerned whether novice (N = 9) and expert (N = 19) school psychologists differed in the quality of their critical reflections on practice. Participants were asked to describe an incident from their practice that left them feeling confused, upset, or wondering, then, through several prompts were guided through a reflective process. Quality was assessed using the four-level Hatton and Smith (1995) measure as a proxy for cognitive complexity. The between-group difference (M = 1.44 for novices vs. 1.84 for experts) was not statistically significant, probably as a function of the small number of novices in the sample. The obtained effect size (Cohen's d = .48), however, was what Cohen (1992) would characterize as medium size. The second purpose of the study was to examine whether particular cognitive variables (need for cognition, measured by the Need for Cognition Scales (Cacioppo, Petty, & Kao, 1984); openness to experience and neuroticism [as a measure of worrying]; (John & Srivastava, 1999) predicted reflection quality. When those variables were used in hierarchical multiple regression, they were not statistically significant as predictors of cognitive complexity.
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이종오 Universite> de Provence 1994 해외박사
택스트를 고찰하는 여러 가지 방법들 중에서 가장 널리 사용되는 것은 테마의 연구, 자전적 사실에 관한 발견, 이마쥬의 연구 등이다. 아마도 미묘하고, 복잡한 연구는 작품에<이미 쓰여졌거나 말하여진 것>의 조사일 것이다. 한 작가의 "글쓰기"가 어떻게 이루어지고, 어디서 부터 그 작가의 "고유한것"이라고 규정할 수 있을까? 한 죽은 작가의 문체 연구는 아주 미묘하고 파악하기 어려운 의견이라는 특징을 지닌다. 왜냐하면 작가는 자기 자신의 언어를 더 이상 말할 수 없기 때문이다. 그러나 시도해 보기로 하자. 이를 위해서는 두 가지의 문제가 제기된다. 첫째, 자료체의 선택 문제와 지향하는 목적이라는 문제이다. 본고에서의 자료체로는 1968년에 발표된 Albert Cohen의 "영주의 딸"(Belle du Seigneur)을 분석의 대상으로 삼을 것이다. 또한 지향하는 목적의 문제는 연구자의 의도에 따라 변하는 미묘한 성격을 갖는다. 흔히들 자주 사용하고 있는 문체(le style)란 무엇인가? 텍스트에서의 문체는 가시적인 것(le visible)과 비가시적인 것(l'invisible)이 있다. 본고는 가시적인 것에 대한 연구가 될 것이다. 우리는 텍스트의 피부라 할 수 있는 문체 전의법을 살펴 볼 것이다. 그 중에서 중심적인 문체의 특징으로써 "영주의 딸"에 광범위하게 나타나는 아이로니, 과장법, 완서법의 언어학적 기능과 문체적 기법을 고찰할 것이다. I. 아이러니 I-1. 아이러니의 역사적 고찰과 일반 기법들 1. 아이러니의 개념에 대한 역사적 개관 2. 아이러니의 개념에 대한 몇 개의 특징들 3. 아이러니를 인식하는 언어적 지표 4. 아이러니적 유형 I-2. 아이러니의 통사적 특징과 의미적 기능 I-3. 아이러니의 화용적 기능 II. 과장법과 완서법 II-1. 과장법, 완서법의 개념들 II-2. 과장법의 통사적 특징 II-3. 완서법의 통사적 특징 II-4. 과장법과 완서법의 의미 체계 II-5. 과장법과 완서법의 화용적 기능 III. 결론: 텍스트에 나타난 전의법의 문체적 기법과 방식 IV. 인용 문헌 V. 목차 The bacteriophage λO protein localizes the initiation of replication to a unique sequence, ori λ through specific protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions. Conformational changes at ori λ introduced by O protein binding have been reported and their roles have been implicated in the initiation of λ DNA replication. In our studies, we focused on detailed structural basis of the formation of the O protein-ori λ complex(O-some). This work was divided into five Chapters including a general introduction given in Chapter 1, a brief review of genetic, biochemical, and structural data for understanding the mechanism of the initiation of λ DNA replication. As shown in Chapter 2, we found that the O protein exists as a dimer and demonstrated that the active DNA binding species is also a dimer. Dimerization and sequence-specific DNA recognition are specifically mediated through the amino-terminal half of O(O1-162(아래첨자 1-162입력불가)). The binding affinity of O for a single copy of its 19 bp recognition sequence was 2-3 nM. We also found that the O-some is composed of 4 dimers of O and ori λ DNA, which contains four 19 bp direct repeat recognition sites, i, e., a dimer of O is bound to each repeat(iteron). Moreover, we found that only the amino-terminal DNA binding domain is required for formation of the O-some. To investigate the structural basis for the unique properties of O protein, we generated a number of carboxy-terminal and internal and internal deletion mutants of O. Experiments with purified mutant proteins, as shown in Chapter 3, indicated that (ⅰ) the deletion mutant retaining amino acid residues 19-110 is the smallest O protein species that can both bind to DNA and form a dimer, (ⅱ) the affinities of all mutant proteins for a single iteron are almost the same, ranging from 2 to 4 nM; (ⅲ) the portion of O that is responsible for dimerization is located between amino acid residues 19 and 85; (ⅳ) the carboxy-terminal domain (O 156-299(아래첨자 156-299입력불가)) is a monomeric species that does not recognize specific DNA sequences but instead, bind non-specifically to duplex DNA; (ⅴ) the linker joining the two structural domains is not required for O function, but its coding sequence of DNA contains several recognition sites for O protein (ori λ); and (ⅵ) a deletion! m! utant missing the amino-terminal portion of the carboxyl-terminal domain is still comparably active in the in vitro λdv replication assay. In Chapter 4, the structural basis of the O protein-DNA complex was studied in detail. Hydroxy radical footprinting was employed to obtain the high resolution structural information about the contacts between the protein and the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA. The missing nucleoside experiment allowed us to identify energetically important base moieties that may be in contact with bound O protein. Quantitation of the extent of O-mediated DNA bending indicated that O induces a relatively sharp bend in an individual recognition sequence of 85。 ±5。 . Measurement of the O-induced topological change indicated that a region of DNA or specifically ori λis wrapped around the O protein core in a left-handed fashion with a linking number change of 0.7±0.1 turn. In Chapter 5, we present direct evidence that the O protein also has the capacity to interact with single-stranded DNA, the first such interaction discovered among prokaryotic origin-binding proteins. The implication of this dual DNA binding specificity of O for the formation of the unwound structure at the A/T-rich region of ori λ is dis cussed. The addition of the λP-DnaB comple x to the O-some produces a new nucleoprotein species with a super-shift in migration. The presence of P and DnaB reduces significantly the amount of O required for binding to single-stranded DNA. Based on these results, we propose a detailed model for sequential structural changes in ori λ as a consequence of O binding to the origin of λreplication.
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