Effects of Elevated CO₂ on Soil Properties and Residue Decomposition

Clayton Butterly,Roger Armstrong,Deli Chen,Caixian Tang 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

"Connected Communities" in New Zealand

CLAYTON, GRAY 이화여자대학교 국제통상협력연구소 2001 Jounal of APEC Studies Vol.3 No.1

This paper reports on an in-service package designed to give teachers experience in running internet projects in which the focus is not on the technology or its operation, but on curriculum learning. The package is interactive and takes teachers through a virtual planning and preparation phase before giving them experience with managing classroom organization and management issues.

The Efficacy of Reflective Practice and Coach Education on Intrapersonal Knowledge in the Higher Education Setting

Clayton R. Kuklick,Brian T. Gearity,Melissa Thompson 한국코칭능력개발원 2015 International Journal of Coaching Science Vol.9 No.2

Given the need for coach education to develop the essential skill of reflection in coaches (Cushion & Nelson, 2013; Gilbert & Trudel, 2001), the purpose of the current study was to understand how and why 21 coaching students enrolled in a practicum course at a southeastern United States institution engage in reflective practice. This research draws upon Schon’s (1983, 1987) work on reflective practice, which underpinned a set of online structured reflective journaling prompts (ORJ) used as an intervention. Each week, for 12 weeks of the practicum course, students were asked to respond to a theoretically informed prompt. We collected data from the Self-Reflection and Insight Scale (SRIS; Grant et al., 2002), Powell’s (1989) levels of reflection rubric, and the students’ weekly journal responses. The quantitative results revealed that time had significant influence on levels of reflection (p < .01), but not SRIS. The qualitative findings resulted in 15 themes which were categorized as: students’ role frames, students’ self-identified weaknesses, students’ dilemma identification, and students’ responses to dilemmas that describe what students reflected upon in their practicum. These findings are discussed in relation to existing research on reflective practice, student learning in higher education, intrapersonal knowledge development, and the use of technology. Implications for future research and coach educators are offered by considering the prompts influence on the students and the use of technology to facilitate learning in coach education.

LEADERSHIP STRATEGIES AT THE MESO LEVEL OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT NETWORKS

CLAYTON WUKICH,SCOTT E. ROBINSON 한국행정학회 2013 International Review of Public Administration Vol.18 No.1

Leadership theory has focused on interpersonal dynamics (such as motivation) and broad social leadership (such as national leaders during crises). Analyzing data from emergency response incidents, we describe a role for leadership between these micro-social and macro-social contexts. At the meso level, emergency managers both design and react to interorganizational structures; a process we call meso-leadership. We explore these leadership strategies, including efforts to engage diverse actors (brokerage) and reinforce group norms (closure). The task of mesoleadership is to balance these strategies, which we illustrate using examples that suggest a pattern of shifting strategies at different phases of emergency events.

Management of Chronic Nausea

Clayton, Max Medical Publications Korea 1997 Medical Progress Vol.19 No.10

Self-Transmissible IncP R995 Plasmids with Alternative Markers and Utility for Flp/FRT Cloning Strategies

( Clayton P. Santiago ),( Laura N. Quick ),( James W. Wilson ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.11

The IncP plasmid R995 has been a useful selftransmissible, broad-host-range vector for a number of applications including the recombinase/conjugation-based cloning of large genomic DNA segments. However, R995 derivatives (or related plasmids) expressing a wide range of different resistance markers and Flp recombinase target sites do not exist in the literature. In addition, documented strategies for applying such plasmids in cloning applications that take advantage of conjugation for the convenient isolation and recovery of constructs are extremely limited. Here, we report a new series of R995 plasmids with alternative markers to increase options for applications in backgrounds already expressing resistance to a particular antibiotic(s). These R995 plasmids have been engineered to contain FRT sites that can be used for recombinase-based cloning. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by cloning 20 kb regions from the Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli genomes and by cloning DNA from an exogenous plasmid source. To our knowledge, this represents the first systematic engineering of an intact, self-transmissible IncP plasmid with a series of alternative antibiotic markers and FRT sites.

Laboratory model to evaluate efficacy of an experimental titanium oxide nanofibers bleaching agent

Tran Clayton,Choi Ellin,Watu Brittany,Oyoyo Udochukwu,Perry Christopher,Kwon So Ran 대한치과보존학회 2021 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.46 No.4

Objectives This study aimed to use a laboratory model to evaluate the efficacy of an experimental bleaching agent. Materials and Methods The model used human extracted molars that were treated and measured for bleaching efficacy. Teeth (n = 50) were distributed into 5 groups: Negative control (NC): immersion in water for 8 hours; Nanofibers (NFs): Experimental titanium dioxide nanofibers with stirring and light activation for 8 hours; Whitestrips (WS): Crest 3D White Glamorous White Whitestrips, 2 applications daily for 30 minutes, 14 days; 1% hydrogen peroxide (HP) standard: 1% hydrogen peroxide for 8 hours; and 30% HP standard: 30% hydrogen peroxide for 8 hours. Instrumental measurements were performed using a spectrophotometer. Results were recorded at baseline, 1-day post-bleaching, and 1-week post-bleaching. Kruskal-Wallis procedure was used to determine differences in color change. Pearson correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between visual and instrumental measurements. Tests of hypotheses were 2-sided with alpha = 0.05. Results There was no significant difference in color parameters (L1, a1, b1, and shade guide units [SGU]) at baseline (p > 0.05). There was a significant difference among the groups for overall color change (ΔE*ab) and change in shade guide units (ΔSGU) at 1-day and 1-week post-bleaching (p < 0.05). The higher the HP concentration, the higher the color change as expressed in ΔSGU and ΔE*ab. The negative control exceeded the perceptibility threshold of ΔE* = 1.2 regardless of time point. NFs showed a decrease in chroma, but were not statistically different compared to the negative control. Conclusions The laboratory model was successful in screening an experimental bleaching agent. Objectives This study aimed to use a laboratory model to evaluate the efficacy of an experimental bleaching agent. Materials and Methods The model used human extracted molars that were treated and measured for bleaching efficacy. Teeth (n = 50) were distributed into 5 groups: Negative control (NC): immersion in water for 8 hours; Nanofibers (NFs): Experimental titanium dioxide nanofibers with stirring and light activation for 8 hours; Whitestrips (WS): Crest 3D White Glamorous White Whitestrips, 2 applications daily for 30 minutes, 14 days; 1% hydrogen peroxide (HP) standard: 1% hydrogen peroxide for 8 hours; and 30% HP standard: 30% hydrogen peroxide for 8 hours. Instrumental measurements were performed using a spectrophotometer. Results were recorded at baseline, 1-day post-bleaching, and 1-week post-bleaching. Kruskal-Wallis procedure was used to determine differences in color change. Pearson correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between visual and instrumental measurements. Tests of hypotheses were 2-sided with alpha = 0.05. Results There was no significant difference in color parameters (L1, a1, b1, and shade guide units [SGU]) at baseline (p > 0.05). There was a significant difference among the groups for overall color change (ΔE*ab) and change in shade guide units (ΔSGU) at 1-day and 1-week post-bleaching (p < 0.05). The higher the HP concentration, the higher the color change as expressed in ΔSGU and ΔE*ab. The negative control exceeded the perceptibility threshold of ΔE* = 1.2 regardless of time point. NFs showed a decrease in chroma, but were not statistically different compared to the negative control. Conclusions The laboratory model was successful in screening an experimental bleaching agent.

Integrating VAV zone requirements with supply fan operation

M. Clayton 대한설비공학회 1996 대한설비공학회 강연회 및 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Special Issue on APEC and e - Education : Connected Communities in New Zealand

Gray Clayton 한국APEC학회 2001 Journal of APEC Studies Vol.3 No.1

THE IMPACT OF NAFTA ON THE GROWTH OF NORTH AMERICAN BILATERAL TRADE

Gary E Clayton People&Global Business Association 2003 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.8 No.2

This paper examines data from the International Monetary Fund's International Financial Statistics database to see how bilateral trade patterns between Canada. Mexico. and the United States changed as a consequence of the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). In the case of U.S.-Mexican and U.S.-Canadian trade, annual export and import data were converted percentages of total trade. A pooled variance means lest was then used to see if there was a significant difference between the growth of trade in the pre- and post-NAFTA periods. In addition, the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxin test w as also performed on each of the trade periods Both tests show that the main of the NAFTA was an increased rate of growth of bilateral trade between the United States and Mexico. There was additional evidence for an increased growth rate of U.S. exports to Canada, but the results for increased U.S. imports from Canada Here mixed. There was no evidence to indicate that Mexican-Canadian trade growth rates changed as a result of the agreement.