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A step forwards in ethanol selective photo-oxidation
Ciambelli, P.,Sannino, D.,Palma, V.,Vaiano, V.,Mazzei, R.S. Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.5
This work focuses on the optimization of a photocatalyst formulation for the selective oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde. $VO_x/TiO_2$ catalysts at different vanadium loading were studied in a gas-solid photocatalytic fluidized bed reactor at high illumination efficiency, in which the bed is constituted by photocatalyst diluted with $\alpha-Al_2O_3$ or silica gel. Photocatalytic tests showed the selective formation of acetaldehyde, with ethylene and carbon dioxide as by-products. Selectivity is influenced by the vanadium loading. For ethanol inlet concentration of 0.2 vol%, maximum conversion and acetaldehyde selectivity of 73% and 97%, respectively, were obtained at $100^{\circ}C$ on catalyst at nominal 5 wt% $V_2O_5$ content (53% of surface monolayer) mixed with $\alpha-Al_2O_3$. Selective sites were related to surface polymeric vanadates possessing Ti-O-V and V-O-V functionalities while the photoactivity appeared correlated with the catalyst equivalent band gap energy. Increasing the ethanol inlet concentration to 1 vol% and diluting the catalyst with silica gel, total ethanol conversion with about 97% selectivity to acetaldehyde was achieved with a photoreactivity of $0.34\;mol\;{m_{irradiated}}^{-3}\;s^{-1}$. This is three times higher than reported for other photoreactors.