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Chungnam Lee,Dong Sun Park,송상우,Young Il Chun,조준,문창택,Young Cho Koh 대한말초신경학회 2015 The Nerve Vol.1 No.1
Objective The aim of this study is to compare the postoperative recurrence rates and alteration in follow-up brain CT radiographic results between patients with chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) treated by burr hole trephination with or without irrigation during the surgery. Methods A total of 100 patients diagnosed with CSDH underwent burr hole trephination from January 2013 to May 2015. The patients were divided into two groups: those who underwent intra-operative saline irrigation and those who did not. Difference in the rate of symptomatic recurrence requiring second surgery between the two groups was evaluated. Radiographic results were analyzed based on the patients’ follow-up brain CTs taken 1 month after the surgery. Results Sixty eight patients underwent intra-operative irrigation while 32 patients did not. The median ages of the two groups were 69.6 years (range, 39-91 years) and 69.1 years (range, 38-86 years), respectively. Among the “irrigated” group, six patients required second surgery due to recurrent hematoma (8.8%) while nine patients in the “not irrigated” group underwent second surgery (28.1%). Difference in the Glasgow coma scale (GCS) between the two groups had no statistical significance. Conclusion Upon conducting burr hole trephination surgery for CSDH, saline irrigation is a simple procedure that can reduce the recurrence rate
Epithelioid Sarcoma in the Cervical Spine: A Case Report
Chungnam Lee,최우진,Na Ra Kim 대한척추신경외과학회 2015 Neurospine Vol.12 No.3
Epithelioid sarcoma is a rare and highly malignant soft tissue neoplasm that most commonly occurs in the long bones. This uncommon tumor has a poor clinical outcome, and the modality of its treatment has not yet been fully established. The authors report an extremely rare presentation of epithelioid sarcoma in the cervical spine, along with its clinical progression, imaging, and pathology. The patient underwent three surgical procedures and adjuvant radiochemical management. He survived for 25 months with a good general condition and adapted well to his social activity. Systemic metastasis was not found, but the patient died of respiratory failure due to direct tracheal invasion of the tumor.
운동역학 : 볼링의 헬리콥터 투구동작에 대한 운동학적 분석
정남주(ChungNam-Ju) 한국체육학회 2003 한국체육학회지 Vol.42 No.2
The purpose of this study. was to analyze the helicopter throw motion and patterns in bowling and present its correct method according to its characteristics. For this purpose, the throw motion of helicopter bending among national athletes and representative reservist athletes was videotaped with the camcorder and analyzed. To make a more accurate analysis of motion, the reflection marker was attached to the joint of the upper limbs and the DLT technique was used on the 3-dimensional coordinate. As a result, the following conclusion was drawn:The time required in the follow throw section in the helicopter throw motion was found to be Shorter than that of the down-swing section. The required time of the downswing section was characterized by being longer than that of the hook ball throw motion The height of the center of the human body showed the tendency to become lower from the Event 1 in which the left leg was easy to the Event 3 in which it was released but showed the tendency to become higher at the end of follow throw than at the point of projection. This was because the ball was projected from the max. lowest place to maintain the close relationship to the lane when projecting the ball. The forward leaning angle of the upper body in the helicopter throw motion was shown to be smaller at the start position but as the throw motion progressed the upper body bent forward and stand upright when somewhat releasing the ball and bent forward again after the hall left the hand and released. The phenomenon of the trunk standing upright at the point of release was found to be because the upper body exerted an compensatory action on the weight of the ball when projecting the ball. At the time of the helicopter throw motion it was found that the angle of the shoulder joint was large to control inward rotation and the ball on the lane and the upper arm was released at the forward position than at the vertical position and the elbow angel released at the somewhat bent state.
The Action and the Poetry of The Dunciad
Chang,Chungnam 서울여자대학교 1976 서울여자대학논문집 Vol.- No.5
The action in The Dunciad is cloudy: the absorbing but never-ceasingly spreading movement of the Dulness is at its first appearance "formless, shapeless and unpredictable" in terms of its ironic suggestiveness. Sometimes it is, like a crab's walk, "downward to climb, and backward to advance," and very often when nonsense works "thro" Cracks and Zigzags of the Head," formidable changes of form and shape appear: "Realms shift their place, and Ocean turns to land." However, as suggestively mentioned in the beginning of The Dunciad: Book Ⅰ the basic movement of the action is from "The Smithfield Muses to the ears of Kings," though in Book Ⅳ it flows on covering all it encounters and in the end it has spread over everything, burying beneath it all that is useful and sensible: Nor public Falme, nor private, dares to shime; Nor human Spark is left, nor Glimpse divine! Lo! thy dread Empire, CHAOS! is restor'd, Light dies belone thy uncreating word Thy hand, great Anarch! lets the curtain fall; And Universal Darkness buries All This remark implies the wide-spread or the "relentless" invasion of the commercialized worldly-spirit such as "index learning, random thoughts, canker'd coins, etc.," into the world of nobler taste incredibly to be the reigning pleasures of the court and the town. The action moves, not from one place to another, but actually from one condition to another. It is why The Dunciad has been accused of having no visible plot or consistent external action through episodes in the work. On a superficial level The Dunciad moves from Smithfield, the place of Bartholomew Fair, to the city of London, then possibly to Europe, and the whole universe, but that is a spatial and superficial point of view of the action in the book. It internally and heavily moves, "like a sliding sea of mud," "in majesty of Mud,:" from the seat of "Sense refin'd from Reason" to the state of meaninglessness and formlessness of ignorance and stupidity, to the state of eternal CHAOS. It goes at once in one direction and all directions. It is like a spreading form of swelling and fiercely sweltering somg or like a bursting fire of volcano.
하정남(Chungnam Ha) 원광대학교 마음인문학연구소 2022 마음공부 Vol.5 No.-
소태산대종사가 불법의 탁월함과 중요성을 강조하면서도 미래의 불법과 새로운 종교의 필요성을 강조한 것은 다가올 세계를 위해 새로운 종교윤리가 필요하다고 인식했기 때문이다. 소태산대종사가 구상한 새로운 종교윤리는 사은사상에 근거한다. 따라서 이 글은 사은사상의 사회 문화적 의미를 조명을 위하여 불교적 사상의 흐름 속에서만이 아니라 새로운 윤리의 필요성이 대두되는 시대정신 속에서 사은사상의 의의를 밝히는데 중점을 둔다. 필자는 오랫동안 여성운동과 환경 평화운동에 깊은 관심을 가지고 활동해 오면서 과거사회의 문화특징이 가부장제와 수직구조 그리고 패권주의로 간주했다. 그러한 과거 사회의 모순과 갈등을 해결하기 위한 새로운 문명의 패러다임이 에코페미니즘 속에 선명하게 부각된다고 생각해 왔으며, 나아가 원불교의 사은사상을 이러한 과거 문화의 질병을 치료하는 중요한 비전으로 보게 되었다. 현대사회의 주요흐름은 서구의 과학문명이 주도적 역할을 하면서 발전해왔다고 볼 수 있는데, 심각하게 문제가 되는 것은 글로벌 자본주의가 인간의 이기심을 극대화하면서 자연을 착취하고 인류의 생존 근거인 생태계를 교란시켜 우리 세대만이 아니라 다가올 세대들의 생존마저도 위험에 빠지게 하고 있다는 것이다. 이 글에서는 사실상 오늘날 제기되는 생태문제는 가부장적 사회문화와 그 뿌리가 함께하기 때문에 필자가 제기한 생태문제가 단순한 자연환경이 아니며 에코페미니즘의 관점과 다르지 않다는 것을 강조한다. While emphasizing the excellence and importance of the Buddha’s Dharma for all sentient beings, Sotaesan, the founding Master of Won Buddhism, also recognized the necessity of new teachings with a new religious ethic for the world to come. The new religious ethics conceived by Sotaesan is grounded in the Fourfold Beneficence. Accordingly, this article focuses on illuminating the significance of the Fourfold Beneficence not only in the history of Buddhist thought, but also in the zeitgeist of when new ethics such as ecofeminism emerged. As I have been working with a deep interest in the women's movement and environmental peace movement for a long time, I have regarded the cultural characteristics of the past human society as patriarchy, hierarchical structure, and masculine hegemony. It has been thought that the paradigm of a new civilization for resolving the contradictions and conflicts of the past society is clearly highlighted in ecofeminism, and the philanthropic ideology of Won Buddhism came to be seen as an essential vision to remedy the problems of the past social culture. In the main trend of modern society, it can be seen that Western scientific civilization has developed greatly and played a leading role. The serious problem in our human society is that humans are incentivized by global capitalism to maximize human selfishness through the exploitation of nature and disturbance of the ecosystem. The ecosystem is the basis of human survival for generations beyond our own. If the ecosystem is disturbed or jeopardized, all human’s existence will be at risk. This paper emphasizes that the ecological problem raised by eco-feminism does not differ from the perspective of Won Buddhism. The ecological problem discussed in this paper has its roots within the patriarchal social culture and anthropocentrism.
김정남(Chungnam Kim),김영아(Yeongah Kim) 계명대학교 간호과학연구소 2008 계명간호과학 Vol.12 No.1
Objectives: To develope spiritual nursing curriculum in the nursing college, nursing student"s spiritual wellbeing and depression level was evaluated. Methods: The study sample consisted of 72 nursing college students. The instruments were the spiritual wellbeing scale and depression scale. The spiritual wellbeing scale was the revised by Choi(1991) using Palautzian and Ellison(1982)"s. The Depression scale was revised by Song(1977) using Zung(1965)"s. The data was collected from March 2, 2005 to September 9, 2005. Data were analyzed by SPSS win 14.0 program. Findings: 1. The respondents" gender was 71(98.6%) female and 1(1.4%)male. Average age was 20.62. The respondents" religion was protestantism 37(52.1%) and buddhism 20(28.2%). Length of religions life was less than 1year 30(53.5%). Level of participation in religious life was moderate 39(57.3%) and sometimes participate10 (14.7 %) Effect of religious life on daily life was effect a little 29(42.6%) and moderate23(33.8%). 2. Level of total spiritual wellbeing was 59.69(6.37). Existential spiritual wellbeing was 31.18 (3.49)religious spiritual wellbeing was 28.51(4.67) and level of depression was 41.89(7.47). 3. The number of depression by severity was 50 (87.7%) on normal group, 5(8.8%) on mild depressive group and 2(3.5%) moderate depressive group. 4. There was a significant difference between those who have religion and have not on level of spiritual wellbeing(t=2.479, p=0.016). There was a significant difference between level of participation in religious life on level of spiritual wellbeing(F=10.590, p=0.000). There was a significant difference between effect of religious life on daily life on level of spiritual wellbeing (F=6.824, p=0.000). Conclusion: Nursing student" spiritual wellbeing and depression level was evaluated. This results will provide basic data to develope spiritual nursing curriculum in the nursing college. Nursing students who have religion, are actively participate in religious life and highly influenced by religious life on daily life showed higher level of spiritual wellbeing. To reinforce the nursing students" spiritual wellbeing this factors should be considered.
노인전문병원 간호사의 노인에 대한 지식, 태도 및 간호 실천과의 관계
김정남(Kim, Chungnam),권윤희(Kwon, Yunhee) 계명대학교 간호과학연구소 2009 계명간호과학 Vol.13 No.1
Purpose: The present study was undertaken to investigate whether the knowledge or attitude of the geriatric nurses influences on practice of the geriatric nurses who work at geriatric hospitals. Method: The measurement of correlations among the related parameters or factors was acquired using data collection done from 275 nurses who work at 13 geriatric hospital in D city and K city using SPSS Win 12.0 program and frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, t-test, One-way ANOVA and pearson correlation. Result: 1. There were significant differences in the degree of the knowledge according to nurses' academic background, experience of cohabitation with the old, and period of cohabitation. 2. There was significant difference in the attitude according to nurses' age, religion, career of nursing the old, course in acquiring the knowledge of nursing the old, and the experience of cohabitation with the old. 3. There were statistical differences in the nursing practice according to working age, the experience in education of the old, whether there is a practical instructor of nursing the old, and cohabitation experience with the old. 4. Finally, as a result of analyzing the correlations with the knowledge, attitude and nursing practice of the old by the subject, there were significantly positive correlations with the nursing practice of the old. knowledge of the old, attitude towards the old and significant statistic correlations with the old and the attitude of the old. Conclusion: Therefore, enhancement of nurses' knowledge and attitude for the aged are needed to improve aging nursing practice.