Water-soluble Genistin Glycoside Isoflavones Upregulate Antioxidant Metallothionein Expression and Scavenge Free Radicals

Chung, Mi-Ja,Kang, Ah-Young,Jun, Hee-Jin,Kim Sang-Yeon,Moon, Tae-Hwa,Park, Kwan-Hwa,Lee, Sung-Joon 생명자원연구 2005 생명자원연구 Vol.13 No.-

Maschine kann Eigennamen und Zahlen besser übersetzen als Mensch? – Übersetzung von „Named Entities“ durch GNMT

Chung,Hye-Yeon 한국외국어교육학회 2017 한국외국어교육학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2017 No.-

평양 첨성대의 서사구조와 연개소문의 탄생

정연식(Chung Yeon-sik) 한국역사연구회 2011 역사와 현실 Vol.- No.79

The "Annals of the Joseon Dynasty" says that there were nine ponds(九池), nine shrines(九廟) and a Cheomseong-dae tower in Pyeong'yang, and also that nine 'luminaries(九曜)' flew into the aforementioned nine shrines. In ancient myths, water sources such as wells, ponds, fountains or swamps, combined with the essence of the stars or the sun, usually gave birth to greatly heroic figures. Such narrative structure can also be identified from the myths that chronicled the birth of progenitors -the founders- of several ancient political entities like Buyeo, Goguryeo, Silla and Gaya. The wells, ponds, fountains or swamps represented themselves in the form of females. They laid eggs after having a relationship with the sun or the stars, which displayed themselves as a male figure, and then, a great person was either hatched or born. The Na'jeong well, as well as the Cheomseong-dae tower, both in Gyeongju, feature stories that share the same narrative structure. Cheomseong-dae in the Pyeong'yang area seems to have been built in the 7th century, and the owner, or the 'protagonist manager' of the facility so to speak, seems to have been no other than Yeon'gae'so'mun, who was the de-facto ruler of Goguryeo at the time. It must have been built as a symbol -his dignified birth from a water source- that would show off the divinity of his power. In the year 2009, the remains of a heptagonal building were excavated near the site of the An'ag Palace. North Korean archaeologists are claiming it as another Cheomseong-dae tower of Goguryeo, but without further evidence, we cannot be sure.

Cystic Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case of Undergoing Endoscopic Thyroid Lobectomy

Dong Hae Chung,Jae Yeon Seok,Yoo Seung Chung1,Eun Mee Oh1,Jung Won Ryu1,Young Don Lee1 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2015 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.15 No.1

On ultrasonography, medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) shows hypoechogenicity, an irregular margin, a predominantly solid composition, and microcalcifications, similar to those observed in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). MTC presenting as a cystic lesion is rare, and endoscopic thyroidectomy can be performed for benign thyroid masses and early stage PTC, however it is inappropriate for MTC regardless of cystic change. The authors report a case of cystic MTC found after endoscopic thyroid lobectomy and provide a review of the literature on this topic.

양호겸직교사의 학교보건간호 업무활동에 관한 조사연구

정찬규,정연강 韓國學校保健學會 1989 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.2 No.1

The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data for the development of school health nursing activities by surveying realities of school health nursing activities in schools lacking in a school nurse performed by teachers holding additional school health. The subjects fro the study was selected from teachers holding additional school health who participated un the annual training course for teachers holding additional school health in 1988 organized by Province Education Council. 105 teachers holding additional school health from Kyung-gi Province, 85 from Chung-buk province, 50 from Chun-buk Province , answered the questionnaire. The results can be epitomized as follows. 1. General characteristics of Teachers Holding Additional School Health. The majority of the subjects are female (94.3%) and 64.1% of the subjects are in their twenties, 79.5% of them graduated from four-year teacher's college, 54.5% of them are unmarried, 74.5% has less than one-year experience as a teacher holding additional school health. 2. General characteristics of schools 92.4% of schools are national, of public schools, and 91.9% are located in country, elementary schools are 64%, junior high schools are 35.4%. The annual school nursing budget is unknow to 89.2% of them. The school nursing organization is nonexistent to 85.6%, 82.4% of the school nursing clinics occupy their place solely, or jointly. 3. Status of School Health Nursing Activities In the questionnaire, School Health Activities are divided into Health Program planning and Evaluation (4 items), Clinic Management (4 items), Health Education (4 items), Management of School Environment (98 items), Operating of School Health Organization (1 item) and Health Care Service (25 items). The answers to each item measured by the Likert-type scale reveals that in the activities of teachers holding additional school health the practice rate in Management of School Environment is 55%, 47% in Health Education, 45% in Health Program Planning and Evaluation, 32% in Health Care Service, 27% in Operating of School Health Organization, and 27% in Clinic Management. 4. The Relation between Influencing variables and School Health Nursing Activities. (1) Health Program Planing and Evaluation : religion, marital status (P<0.05**) (2) Clinic Management : age, school health organization (P<0.05**) (3) Health Education : age (P<0.05**) , religion (P<0.05**), business except for school nursing (P<0.05**) from of operation (P<0.05**), the number of clinic client a month (P<0.05**). (4) Management of School Health Environment : age, martial status, business except for school nursing (P<0.05**), presence of the annual school health nursing budget (P<0.01*), school health organization (P<0.05**). (5) Operating of School Health Organization : There is a statistical significance in Education, Interest in School Nursing (P<0.05**). 5. The Regional Relationship of School Health Nursing Activity. There is statistically significant difference in Health Education (P<0.05**) and Health Care Service (P<0.01*) of elementary school located in Kyung-gi, Chung-buk, Chun-buk Province. There is statistically significant difference Health Program Planning and Evaluation of junior high Schools located in Kyung-gi, Chung-buk, Province (P<0.05**). 6. The Correlation in School Health Nursing Activities. The analysis of the correlation in the 6 fields of school Health Nursing Activities shows that there is a statistically significant difference between Clinic Management and health Education, Clinic Management and Operating of School Health Organization, and between management of School Environment and operating of School Health Organization (P<0.05**). The conclusions are as follows: The 40.5 percent of schools should arrange nurse teachers by regulation 38, relative to the application of the Law of Education. But, in reality, teachers who have nothing to do with nursing, hold school health as an additional job. And it is very difficult to except the qualititive health management of school faculty and students. In the 85.6 percent of schools, there is no organization for school health. And also, persons in charge of practical affairs perform the school health activity without any knowledge about annual school nursing budget. In the school health nursing activity of teachers holding additional school health, operating of school, health organization and clinic management are the most difficult to get the cooperation from the persons relate to school and communities. There are a lot of problems in performing the school health nursing activity without any disposition of school health teachers, therefore, it is necessary to supplement school health teachers who had a professional training in order to make efficient the school nursing management for children who are about attend a school.

中共의 헤게모니 論爭

鄭然植 慶北大學校 平和問題硏究所 1977 평화연구 Vol.2 No.-

The peaceful co-existance policy between the West and the East as declared by Nikita Khrushchev at the 20th Communist Party Congress in 1956, has become an important turning point in the history of the international communist movement. The peasceful co-existance policy has been argued among communist nations; the argument was especially severe on the part of the Peoples Republic of China because he has maintained a major role among the newly founded ommunist nations, and also because the change was a kind of threat toward authorized world communism. Also it was a fundamental reform of the threory of Marxism which involved an inevitable war against Imperialist. From the Chinese point of view, the relationship between the China and the Soviet Union is getting worse than the relationship bedween the China and the U.S. In recent years, the hegemonic activites of the Soviet Union has reached to the South-East Asian, African, the South American regions and it has increased world tention due to military activities. Angola was a case in Africa where the Soviet sought to increase their national interests in the Third World. In this paper, I am going to describe the Sino-Soviet conflict on the problems of ideology, and especially the reality of the Soviet hegemony. I will also further define the rising Sino-Soviet conflicts and discuss the hegemony issue which arose at the Sino-Japanese Peace and Friendship Treaty Talks. Ⅰ) China has fiercely competed with the Soviet Union since the 1950s when they confronted each other over the initiatives among the Communist nations. However the Chinese situation was unfavorable in regard to the Soviet's continuous concern with detente has been an irritation, the blame of China has focused on the Soviet military activities and expansionism in the Euro-African area. Take Angola for instance, China argues that the Soviets show new signs of the Tsar intending world hegemony by means of military interention in the Third World nations which may result in war due to the colonial expansionism of the Soviet Revisionists. The first aim of the revisionist and colonialist Soviet in Angola was to break down the temporary government. Second was to bolster military intervention by supplyhing arms and military instructers, and at the same time, dispatching 10,000 Cubantroops under the Soviet support. Third, there is no question that the Soviet Union threatened The Organization of African Unity (O.A.U.)and force them to submit. Eventually, we understand that the goal of the Soviets in Angola has been not only to obtain natural resources such as petroleum and diamonds, but also to pursue world hegemony in competition with the U.S. Ⅱ) The traditional systems of Latin America in economic and socio-political relations have been changed with the transformation of the nations into major raw material suppliers for Europe. Because of this, the authorities of the traditional society were destroyed by the rapid import of Western Democracy. Martin Needler indicates this phenomena to be a Vacuum of Tradition in Latin America, where the nationalism grew to be a moment of social revolution within a tumbling political culture. The present political situation fo Latin America can be compared to a large battle field of many powers trying to gain the initiatives under the name of democracy. The recent Chinese criticism pointed out a new aspect of the Soviet expansionism and military development as pursuit of world hegemony in competition with the U.S. The new aspect they insisted can be abstracted in two features; one is military intrusion and the other is economic subordination. First, the Soviets supported the pro-Soviet portugean troops pertinaciously intending to upset several South American nations: Honduras, Columbia, Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic. Second, the Soviets made propaganda for the equal advancement of the South-Second the Soviets made propaganda for the equal advancement of the South-American nations only when the close relationship with the Soviets were guaranteed. To reach these goals, the Soviets adopted a new organization "Council for Mutual Economic Assistance" in Latin America. Ⅲ) The necessity for an ice-free port in Russia has been well recognized in geopolitical history. The Soviet Navy began to emerge as a significant navel force only after World War Ⅱ. The Soviets had only a small navy, deigned for coastal defense and largely inexperienced in deep ocean warfare. Due to scientific development, the Soviet Navy took on greater importance. The introduction of nuclear power in submarines futher refined and strengthened a rapid growing Soviet undersea fleet, which reached a high of over 400 unites in the early 1970s. This, the chinese argue, changes show a strategic power of the Soviet naval forces. In fact, the Soviet Union has launched a considerable number of submarines and missile ships, and has built several nuclear carriers. Such naval expansion of the Soviet irritated Japan and China because the Soviet had to pass through the Korea Channel. This intention of the Soviet may disrupt the peace of far eastern nations in the pacific ocean. The Soviet Union justifies such actions by stating that they are "protecting national interests." Still, China wonders about Soviets' justification of such strategic maneuvers of their navy around the world. Ⅳ) The hegemony articles which first appeared in the Tanaca-Cheu Joint Communique in 1972, were confirmed at the Sino-Japan Peace and Friendship Treaty Talk in 1975. China declared in this communique the Chinese would not prusue hegemony and also denied the dominance of the super powers. But the general Japanese Public has expressed an awareness of existing relations between the Soviet and Japan and Republic of China and Japan. Japan has had to consider the new hegemony articles in the joint communique as to whether the argument will burden Japan for an excessive partnership with the People's Republic of China,k and may impact on the relationship with the Soviet. Really, the impact of the hegemony dispute on Japan could not be ignored when looked upon during the present debate between the democratic party and the socialist party who insists on the same terms for Red China as in the Peace Treaty with the Republic of China concluded in 1951. As for the socialist party, they had to consider the conflict between the Pro-Soviet group and Pro-Red China group. In this circumstance, Japan had to take a balanced policy with China and the Soviet Union as well as a vague status-quo with Taiwan. Ⅴ) There are two important reasons why the Chinese insist on the anti-hegemony policy. First priority of Chinese national interests is to get a maintenance of traditional communism in Asia. This keeps them in opposition to the Soviets intention to pursue world hegemony. Second, China would not concede to the Soviet Union concerning the present situation among the tri-polar powers compete with the U.S. and concerning the problems of initiatives in the Estern European, South East Asian, and Indian regions. Third, the elimination of the U.S. and the Soviet Union from the Third World Nations will serve China's initiatives in economic and political aspects. Now, the first concept of the moralistic obligation thesis has proved to be a criticism of the Soviet alternation from the socialistic system to the capitalistic system. Second, the pursuit of hegemony faces the contradictions of the socialist nations instead of pointing out the contradictions of the capitalist society, mainly because Marx-Leninism does not permit the pursuit of hegemony but induces the capitalists to the socialist revolution. However, the present situation of the Soviets is not proletariat revolution but expansionism. Third, China insists that the Soviets face a contradiction by turning the forme socialists to the revisionist in pursuit of world hegemony. Ⅵ) We have examined the reality of the Soviet hegemonic activities and the characters of the Sino-Japanese hegemony dispute, and presented the Chinese hegemony controversy from early days to now. The dispute between China and the Soviet Union on the ideological basis of peaceful co- existance, proletariat dicatorship and national liberation movement has now been enlarged to include an international body, mainly Japan and the initiatives on the Third World. Further more, the problem is how the particular national interests related to the particular national ideology will influence the Sino-Soviet relations and what will be the result of the conflict in international relations.

美國에 있어서 遺傳工學에 대한 法的 規制

鄭然喆 東義大學校 法政大學 1993 공공정책연구 Vol.9 No.-

美國憲法上의 基本權保障制度

鄭然喆 東義大學校 法學硏究所 1990 공공정책연구 Vol.6 No.-

遺傳工學에 대한 憲法學的 硏究

鄭然喆 東義大學校 法政大學 1995 공공정책연구 Vol.11 No.-

남녀 청소년의 노력성 호기류량 지수

정규철,문재혁,홍연표 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1991 中央醫大誌 Vol.16 No.2

Forced expiratory flow rates of 427 boys and 414 girls aged between 8∼19 years old who were attending primary, middle and high schools were measured with Collins Survey Spirometer with Eagle One Microprocessor (Warren E. Collins, Inc., U.S.A.). Spirograms and simultaneous flow-volume curves were recorded on a kymograph and on a X-Y recorder (HP 7044b/7045b, U.S.A.) attached to the spirometer, respectively. Simple indices for the forced expiratory flow rates were derived. The calculation of indices required minimal information on mean age, mean height, and mean values of each forced expiratory flow rates(PEER, FEF_25%, FEF_50%, FEF_75%, and FEF_25-75%) to compare those groups which were different by many criteria such as smoking habbits, degree of air pollution, occupation, ethnic classification, disease state, symptomatological state, etc. The proposed indices are : For Male For Female 1. Index PEFR = PEFR·Age^-0.64/Height ^1.49 ; = PEFR·Age^-0.10/Height^2.11 2. Index FEF_25% = FEF_25%·Age^-0.63/Height^1.35 ; = FEF_25%·Age^-0.16/Height^1.95 3. Index FEF_50% = FEF_50%·Age^-0.42/Height^1.76 ; = FEF_50%·Age^-0.25/Height^1.76 4. Index FEF_75% = FEF_75%·Age^-0.35/Height^2.29 ; = FEF_75%·Age^-0.34/Height^1.84 5. Index FEF_25∼75% = FEF_25∼75%·Age^-0.42/Height^2.00 ; = FEF_25∼75%·Age^-0.32/Height^1.81 Percentages of FEF_25%, FEF_50%, FEF_75%, FEF_25∼75% and PEFR in each age group were 90∼95 %, 65∼70 %, 35 % and 55∼60 % for males and 95 %, 75 %, 40∼45 % and 65∼70 % for females, respectively, indicating 5∼10 % higher values in female for indices.