유기 단열재의 화재위험성 등급 평가

유지선 ( Ji Sun You ),전남 ( Nam Jeon ),정영진 ( Yeong-jin Chung ) 한국공업화학회 2021 공업화학 Vol.32 No.4

본 연구에서는 유기 단열재인 poly isocyanurate foam (PIR), poly urethane foam (PUR), phenol foam (PF)을 선정하여 ISO 5660-1의 기준에 따라 콘칼로리미터(cone calorimeter)를 이용하여 측정하였다. 화재위험성 평가를 표준화하기 위하여 기준물질(PMMA)을 사용하여 Chung’s equations-III와 Chung's equation-IV에 의한 화재위험성을 등급화하여 평가하였다. Chung’s equations-II의 화재성능지수-II 값은 PF가 14.77 s²/kW로 화재성능지수-II가 가장 높았고, PUR이 0.08 s²/kW로 화재성능지수-II가 가장 낮았다. 화재성장지수-II 값은 PF가 0.01 kW/s²로 화재성장지수-II가 가장 낮았고, PUR 이 1.14 kW/s²로 화재성장지수-II가 가장 높았다. Chung’s equations-III의 화재성능지수-III에서 PUR이 0.11로 화재성능 지수-III가 가장 낮게 나타났고, PF가 20.23으로 화재성능지수-III가 가장 높았다. FGI-III에서는 PUR이 14.25로 화재성장지수-III가 가장 높게 나타났고, PF가 0.13으로 가장 안전한 물질로 판단하였다. 그리고 Chung’s equation-IV의 화재위험성지수-IV는 PUR (130.03) >> PIR (19.13) > PMMA (1.00) > PF (0.01)의 순서로 나타났다. 따라서 PF가 화재위험성이 가장 낮고, PUR이 가장 높은 것으로 판단하였다. In this study, poly isocyanurate foam (PIR), poly urethane foam (PUR), and phenol foam (PF) of organic insulation materials were selected, and investigated using a cone calorimeter, as per ISO 5660-1. Standard materials (PMMA) were used to standardize the fire hazard assessment, and the fire risk was classified and evaluated by Chung’s equations-III and IV. The fire performance index-II value of Chung’s equations-II was the highest value with PF of 14.77 s²/kW. And the PUR was 0.08 s²/kW, the lowest value of fire performance index-II value. The fire growth index-II value was the lowest value with PF of 0.01 kW/s². And the PUR was 1.14 kW/s², the highest value of fire growth index-II value. The fire performance index-III (FPI-III) of Chung’s equations-III had the lowest value for PUR (0.11) and the highest for PF (20.23). The PUR showed the highest value of the fire growth index-III (FGI-III) as 14.25, while the PF exhibited 0.13 regarded as the safest materials. The fire risk index-IV (FRI-IV) value of Chung’s equation-IV was in the following order: PUR (130.03) >> PIR (19.13) > PMMA (1.00) > PF (0.01). Therefore, it was concluded that the fire risk associated with PF is the lowest, whereas that associated with PUR is the highest.

Comparison of Melanoma Subtypes among Korean Patients by Morphologic Features and Ultraviolet Exposure

( Hong Sun Jang ),( Jee Hung Kim ),( Kyu Hyun Park ),( Jae Seok Lee ),( Jung Min Bae ),( Byung Ho Oh ),( Sun Young Rha ),( Mi Ryung Roh ),( Kee Yang Chung ) 대한피부과학회 2014 Annals of Dermatology Vol.26 No.4

Background: Genetic alterations have been identified in melanomas according to different levels of sun exposure. Whereas the conventional morphology-based classification provides a clue for tumor growth and prognosis, the new classification by genetic alterations offers a basis for targeted therapy. Objective: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the biological behavior of melanoma subtypes and compare the two classifications in the Korean population. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients found to have malignant melanoma in Severance Hospital from 2005 to 2012. Age, sex, location of the tumor, histologic subtype, tumor depth, ulceration, lymph node invasion, visceral organ metastasis, and overall survival were evaluated. Results: Of the 206 cases, the most common type was acral melanoma (n=94, 45.6%), followed by nonchronic sun damage-induced melanoma (n=43, 20.9%), and mucosal melanoma (n=40, 19.4%). Twenty-one patients (10.2%) had the chronic sun-damaged type, whereas eight patients (3.9%) had tumors of unknown primary origin. Lentigo maligna melanoma was newly classified as the chronic sun-damaged type, and acral lentiginous melanoma as the acral type. More than half of the superficial spreading melanomas were newly grouped as nonchronic sun-damaged melanomas, whereas nodular melanoma was rather evenly distributed. Conclusion: The distribution of melanomas was largely similar in both the morphology-based and sun exposure-based classifications, and in both classifications, mucosal melanoma had the worst 5-year survival owing to its tumor thickness and advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. (Ann Dermatol 26(4) 485~490, 2014)

이중구간중도절단된 생존자료의 생존함수 비교를 위한 검정: 한국인 암 예방연구 중 당뇨병에의 응용

지선하,남정모,김진흠,Jee, Sun-Ha,Nam, Chung-Mo,Kim, Jin-Heum 한국통계학회 2009 응용통계연구 Vol.22 No.3

이중구간중도절단된 자료의 생존함수를 비교하기 위한 두 검정법을 소개하고 한국인 암 예방연구 (Jee 등, 2005) 자료에 적용하여 당뇨병 잠복시간의 분포를 성별과 연령에 따라 비교하였다. Kim 등 (2006)의 검정법을 이중구간중도절단된 자료로 확장한 검정법은 위험집합의 크기에만 의존하는 가중값을 사용하기 때문에 대용량 자료의 분석에서 Sun (2006)의 검정법보다 계산 시간을 대폭 줄일 수 있으며, 이산형 생존자료뿐만 아니라 연속형 생존자료에도 적용가능한 장점이 있다. 당뇨병의 잠복시간이 성별에 따라 매우 유의하게 달랐으며 여자의 잠복시간이 남자보다 긴 것으로 나타났다. 4개 연령그룹 간 당뇨병의 잠복시간도 성별에 관계 없이 매우 유의하게 달랐으며 여자의 경우가 남자의 경우보다 그 차이가 훨씬 더 유의했다. 한편, 소표본 모의실험을 통해 제안한 검정법과 Sun (2006)의 검정법의 검정력을 비교하였으며 제안한 검정법의 검정력이 Sun (2006)의 검정법보다 더 좋은 것으로 나타났다. Two tests were introduced for comparing several survival functions with doubly interval-censored data and illustrated with data surveyed by Korean Cancer Prevention Study (Jee et al., 2005). The test which extended Kim et al. (2006)'s test to the doubly interval-censored data has an advantage over Sun (2006)'s test in terms of saving computation time because the proposed test only depends on the size of risk set, and also the proposed test is applicable to continuous failure time data as well as discrete failure time data unlike Sun's test. Comparing male with female groups on the incubation time of diabetes was highly different and the survival of female group was longer than that of male one. Regardless of gender, the difference in survival functions of four age groups was highly significant with p-value of less than 0.001. This trend was more remarkable for female group than for male one. Simulation results showed that the significance level of both tests was well controlled and the proposed test was better than Sun's test in terms of power.

呈才 服食 色彩에 관한 硏究

정은혜,박재선 忠南大學校體育科學硏究所 2002 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this study was to know the different styles and symbolic meaning of Jeong-Jae's costumes. For the purpose of this study, it was conducted based on the various variables identified in an extensive review of related literature in the reigns of Sun-Jo(28th and 29th), Hun-Jong(14th), Go-Jong(24th), and Kwang-Mu(6th). The findings of this study were following as; (1)our traditional clothing was influenced by the incoming of the dress system of china which was attributed to the principles of Um-Yang, and the five elements and to the concept of Tae-Il. This foreign color concept was applied to the Jeong-Jae: (2) the Jeong-Jae had been changing in its many aspects through the time. But according to the five colors, the dress and its color had been changing: (3) with the color of the dress and its omament, there is a difference between the upper and lower suit in the colors of the Yang are blue, red, yellow, black, white and the Um are red, green , dark blue, jade green and black green. These compound colors were used in a very colorful way and the principles of Um-Yang and the five elements lie at the root of using these colors particularly in blue, white, red, black and yellow: (4) in the 29th year of Sun-Jo's reign, the Lee-Nam-Saek-Sang-Pyo-Hong-Cho-Sang was used widely. This used colors could not be used by a non-official civilian. There was the strict restriction of dress and omament. So, the queen wore dresses with yellow and red, the queen and the crown princess with red and the princess and the woman in a noble family with green. But in the Jeong-Jae dress and its omament, there was no classification: (5) the Mu-Go and the Cheo-Yung dancing dress which use the five colors clearly have their dress and its omament by the principles of Um-Yang, and the five elements. The Jeong-Jae-Yeo-Ryeong dress has the basic dress and its omament. The findings of these results implied that with isokinetic exercise programs used in this study, it is possible to recover muscular function in athletes with chronic ankle sprain. It was also indicated that extensive training involving a high number of repetitions and eccentric contractions was safe, effective, and well tolerated for the athletes with chronic ankle sprain.

Voice Mismatch Meets Neurolinguistics

Gui-Sun Moon,Sun-Woong Kim,Jeong-Ah Shin,Hae-Kyung Wee,Jong Un Park,Myung-Kwan Park,Wonil Chung 현대문법학회 2018 현대문법연구 Vol.99 No.-

Gui-Sun Moon, Sun-Woong Kim, Jeong-Ah Shin, Hae-Kyung Wee, Jong Un Park, Myung-Kwan Park, and Wonil Chung. 2018. Voice Mismatch Meets Neurolinguistics. Studies in Modern Grammar 99, 85-115. This paper aims to investigate Korean advanced L2 English learners’ strategies for ellipsis resolution during sentence processing. Ellipsis resolution is known to involve several stages of information processing from the initial step of detecting an ellipsis-licensing element by the parser to the final stage of integrating the ellipsis site with the information retrieved from the antecedent of the ellipsis site. In examining these steps, we have manipulated three factors: (i) TP vs. VP-ellipsis; (ii) two types of discourse coherence relations (resemblance(-contrast) vs. cause-effect relations); (iii) voice match vs. mismatch. We found through the ERP recordings that voice mismatch in TP ellipsis elicited N400, followed by P600, irrespective of discourse coherence relations. In contrast, voice mismatch in VP-ellipsis registered N400 only in resemblance(-contrast) relation, but not in cause-effect relation. These findings lead us to conclude that Korean advanced L2 learners of English seem to undergo the full sequence of processing stages required for ellipsis resolution.

Long-term treatment of topical estrogen to the sun-exposed facial skin of postmenopausal women induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression, leading to facial wrinkles aggravation: 24-week results from a double-blind, vehicle-controlled, randomized study

( Hyun Sun Yoon ),( Se Rah Lee ),( Soyun Cho ),( Jin Ho Chung ) 대한피부과학회 2012 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.64 No.3

Pollen Viability of Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) in in vitro Germination and its Application to Male Gametophyte Isolation

Woo, Sun-HeeㆍKeun-Yook ChungㆍHeung-Tae, KimㆍYong-Gu, ChoㆍHong-Sig, KimㆍBeom-Heon, Songㆍ Chul-Won, Lee and Seung-Keun Jong 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2004 農業科學硏究 Vol.21 No.-

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웹 카메라를 이용한 시설 내 국화생산 광 환경 원격 모니터링

정선옥(Sun-Ok Chung),김용주(Yong-Joo Kim),이규호(Kyu-Ho Lee),성남석(Nam-Seok Sung),이철휘(Cheol-Hwi Lee),노현권(Hyun-Kwon Noh) 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2015 농업과학연구 Vol.42 No.4

Increase of national family income improved demand of high-quality and year-round horticultural products including chrysanthemum. To meet these demand, farmers have introduced protected facilities, such as greenhouses, of which environmental conditions could be monitored and controlled. Environment management up to three weeks after transplanting is critical for chrysanthemum quality. Artificial lighting and light-blocking screen are especially important for long-day (day period > 13 hours) and short-day (night period > 13 hours) treatments. In this study, a web-camera was installed, and the image was obtained and transmitted to mobile phones to monitor the status of 3-wavelength(RGB) lighting environments. RGB pixel values were used to determine malfunctioning of the lighting lamps, and leaking out and incoming illumination status during short-day and long-day treatment periods. Normal lighting lamps provided RGB pixel values of 240~255. During long-day treatment period, G pixel values were useful to detect abnormal lighting conditions (e.g., leaking). During short-day treatment period, R pixel values were useful to determine incoming light (e.g., sun-light). Results of this study would provide useful information for remote monitoring of light conditions for protected chrysanthemum production under artificial lights.

설화(이야기) 문학과 국어교육

류증선 安東敎育大學 1968 論文集 Vol.1 No.1

The desire to pursue pleasure by telling a story is but natural to human nature, and especially children grow up dreaming by telling stories. In Korean texts of primary school, the materials of stories were composed of 33% in it. By the idea of aminism, the ancient person thought that the things had their lives and Ma¨rchen is the way of explaining theothings by science, philosophy and literature. The most basic theory about the Origin of mythology is Tylor's aminism. It is the basic idea of ancient religious faith and its outstanding idea is the worship of the sun. By the effect of utilitarian idea of Confucianism, Korean mythology is very scanty but is characterized by the oviparous mythology, for the foundation of Korea and the idea to worship mountains is especially characterized by the worship of the sun. To be the centre of Korean tradition is ethics and morality, and patriotism, and also is characterized by tradition of higher public service examination, keesaong-girl, supar human being, Taoist. , tiger and dragon, and so on. Fairy tale is moral talkes reproving vice and rewarding virtue and by the tradition of tiger and chinsen, the idea of divine sprits can be seen. The idea to depend upon God, Budist, Heaven and Sun grew stronger. In text, there are meterials of ethics and morals but there are materials for patriotism, science and industrials very few. The foreign meterials are composed of 44% in it and it is necessary to consider that the subjectivity of our nation should be promoted. From this point of view, Korean language of education is the way how to extend education of literature. It should be adapted for the fairy tale that a story which inspired children built up there personalities. In other words, it means the impression which was got from works gave the readers profit. Therefore in developed foreign country, paying attention to this point. They made a way to set up the leterature course in the their native language course. Here in Korea, it seems to be too early and to be lofty object to purpose but if understanding education of literature we must attend to try it.

Duplication or deletion of chromosome 17p11.2-p12 in CMT1 and HNPP peripheral neuropathy patients

Kim, Hyo-Sun,Jang, Young-Eun,Chung, Ki-Wha 公州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2003 自然科學硏究 Vol.10 No.-

CMT와 HNPP 말초신경증은 가장 흔하게 발병하는 운동 및 감각 말초신경계의 선천성 질환이다. CMT1과 HNPP의 유전적 원인으로는 염색체 17p11.2-p12의 1.5 Mb 지역의 중복과 결실이 각각 50%이상과 70% 이상을 차지하는 것으로 알려졌다. 본 연구에서 한국인 CMT1 및 HNPP 환자를 대상으로 중복 및 결실을 조사하였는데, 31 CMT1 가족 중 13 가족에서 중복을 보였으며 (42%), 24 HNPP 가족 중 19 가족에서 결실을 보였다 (79%). 17p11.2-p12 중복을 보이는 CMT1A 환자가 HNPP 결실환자보다 발병 연령, 발병 기간, 근육 이양성 및 족 기형성에서 훨씬 심한 증상을 보였다. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) and hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) are most common inherited motor and sensory peripheral neuropathies. The majority of CMT1 patients have a 1.5 Mb duplication in chromosome 17p11.2 while most HNPP patients have a deletion of the same region. In the analysis of Korean CMT1 and HNPP patients, each HNPP deletion and CMT1A duplication was observed from 79% (19 families) among 24 HNPP families and 42% (13 families) among 31 CMT1 families. CMT1A duplication patients showed more severe clinical symptoms than HNPP deletion patients, when we examined oneset age, disease duration, muscular atrophy, foot deformity and scoliosis.