다단계 검출알고리즘을 이용한 웨이블렛기반 이미지 워터마킹

이구영,정용덕,이종원,김정화 조선대학교 전자정보통신연구소 2002 電子情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.5 No.2

In this paper, we propose a watermarking algorithm of multiresolution watermarking based on wavelet transform for digital images. Watermark insertion is add to pseudo random sequences to the wavelet coefficients at the high and middle frequency band of the discrete wavelet transform. Instead of previous method, proposed multiresolution watermark decoder that allows efficient identification of the embedded a bank of watermarking key without prior notice of it. Proposed detection method aims at ensuring the maximum exactitude in the detection of the owner identification key and, minimizing the number of false positive detection.

사염화탄소의 간독성에 대한 파두 다당류분획의 예방효과

이은경,길이룡,소동수,창동신,전선덕,정명규,문창규 한국환경독성학회 1996 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.11 No.2

In present study, we fractionated polysaccharides from Croton tiglium and investigated their hepatoprotective effects on CCI₄ intoxication. Polysaccharide fraction of which molecular weight is over 300,000(HP) showed the most potent hepatoprotective effects on CC1₄ intoxication. Lipid peroxidation, BAST and sALT were used as parameters to evaluate the liver damage. Glucose, xylose and arabinose were found to be monosaccharides composing sugar moiety of HP.

참외 單性化 遺傳에 關한 硏究 : 1) 單性花의 遺傳機構와 實用形質에 關한 調査 1) Investigation on Genetical Mechanism of Monoecious Type and Practical Character

李昇雨,鄭德敎,金秉煥,金岩東 동국대학교 농림과학연구소 1971 農林科學 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

Using F_1 seed production on monecious flowers of Cucumis melo L., three of monoecious and four varities of dioecious were used as material in order to study inheritable mechanism and their characteristics. 1. Monoecious type were segregated 20 : 0 (1 : 0) from Go to G_1, 20 : 0 (1 : 0) F_1 between andromomoecious and 47 : 13 (3 : 1) as well as 33 : 7 (3 : 1) in F_2. Consequently it seems to be inherited by dominant single gene of AA in monoecious and recessive gene of aa in andromonoecious type. 2. However, it was guessed to be possessed of gene type that was effected by environment in monoecious type of U.S.S.R. 409. 3. Three varities of monoecious were poor condition in the practical quality aspect. The variety of U.S.S.R. 409 that was under the control of environment and it was extremly segregated quality has possiblity of useful quality selection compere with others respectably.

여성호르몬 대체요법후 체중변화와 베타3 아드레날린 수용체 유전자형의 연관성에 관한 연구

이기호,김상만,이득주,최희정,한인권 대한비만학회 2003 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.12 No.3

연구배경: 폐경 전후에서의 체중 증가와 여성호르몬과의 연관성이 지속적으로 논의되어왔다 교감 신경계는 지방대사를 촉진하여 대사적 열생산을 증가시키는 작용을 가지고 있으므로 이와 관련하여 베타3아드레날린 수용체의 유전자형이 폐경여성에서 여성호르몬 대체요법 이후의 체중증가와 연관이 있는지를 밝히고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 1995년부터 2002년 5월까지 삼성제일병윈 비만클리닉 및 갱년기 클리닉에 방문하여 여성 호르몬 대체요법을 시행 받았으며, 폐경에 관련한 과거력, 여성 호르몬 투여 전후의 체중, 체질량 지수에 대한 자료를 확보할 수 있곤, 베타3 아드레날린 수용체 유전자의 다형성을 분석한 92명을 최종 연구 대상자로 하였다. 결과: 베타3 아드레날린 수용체 유전자 다형성 분포는 Trp64Trp형 39.1%, Trp64Arg형 25.0%,Arg64Arg형 34.8%,로 나타났다 여성호르몬 투여 전 체중의 평균은 61.07±7.06이었으며, 여성 호르몬대체요법 후 체중 변화의 평균은 1.28±3.20 증가로 나타났으나, 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다 β3 아드레날린 수용체 유전자 아형에 따른 체중의 평균 변화는 Trp64Trp형에서 1.86±2.94 증가, Trp64Arg형 0.74±2.97 증가, Arg64Arg형 1,00±3.61 증가로 나타났으나 이들 모두 통계적 유의성은 없었으며, 세 아형간의 변화량도 유의하지 않았다. 결론: 폐경여성에서 여성호르몬 대체요법 후 체중이 증가하였으나 통계적으로 유의하지 않았으며, β3아드레날린 수용체 유전자 아형에 따른 차이를 관찰할 수 없었다. Background: The study results to determine the relationship between postmenopausal estrogen use and weight gain have not been consistent. Genetic studies have reported the association of BMI with the beta3-adrenergic receptor gene polymorhism. This study as designed to indentify association of beta3-adrenergic receptor gene polymorhism with weight gain related to HRT in postmenopausal women. Methods: 192 postmenopausal women at a general hospital, Bariatric and climacteric clinic have been collected. Subtypes of beta3 adrenergic receptors were measured and physical, anthropomeric data including body fat and BMI was obtained before and after HRT. Results: Arg/Arg group was 34.8%, Trp/Arg group was 25.0%, Trp/Trp group was 39.1%. Mean weight gain in 192 postmenopausal women was 1.28±3.20 kg and the percent changes in weight gain between initial and final point was 2.32±5.66% but these resulst had no statistical significance (p>0.05). Weight gain(%) were 2.24%(95% C.I 0.35~4.13) in Arg/Arg group, 1.08%(-1.17~3.29) in Trp/Arg group and 3.18%(1.49~4.92) in Trp/Trp, but these results did not show statistical significance(F=1.13, p=0.03). Conclusion: Polymorphism of beta3 adrenergic receptor gene was not associated with weight gain after HRT in postmenopausal women. From these results, we may conclude that polymorhism of beta3 adrenergic receptor may not be the predicting factor to understand the weight gain after HRT in postmenopausal women.

사업체 급식의 HACCP 제도 도입을 위한 인지도 조사

이헌옥,심재영,신현아,정덕화,엄애선 한국조리과학회 2002 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.18 No.3

For the introduction of HACCP to industry food service, a survey was conducted from 150 dieticians and 40 managers on their recognition on HACCP system. The questionnaire of the survey included the status of current food safety management, management responsibilities, recognition on HACCP, problems in HACCP introduction. The majority of respondents was satisfied with the current food safety management, and the food service managers were more confident than dieticians in terms of food safety. Foodservice managers (100%) and dieticians (96%) recognized HACCP system; however, they responded the application of HACCP to industry food service were only 27% and 12.5%, respectively. They pointed out the reasons that they cannot introduce HACCP to their industry food service were the lack of benefits and good facilities. Dieticians strongly recognized the need of correction of food safety management in industry food service, compared with food service managers. The results suggest that the introduction of HACCP to industry food service should be accomplished by continuous education and information on food safety, improving facilities and a variety of benefits to HACCP-implemented companies from the government.

수종 이원중합 레진 씨멘트의 중합률 및 세포 독성에 관한 실험적 연구

이정석,노병덕,박성호 大韓齒科保存學會 1995 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.20 No.1

AbstractThe degree of conversion of composite resin was known to have influence on the mechani- cal properties of composite materials such as hardness, strength, wear resisitance, dimensio- nal and color stability. Also unreacted monomer was reported to be harmful to the pulp. So the degree of conversion was a very important factor in the success of composite resin restorations.In recent, the dual cure resin cement was developed with the advocations that it could increase the curing rates in the sites where the curing ligt could not reach. Moreover many manufactors added some adhesive components in the resin cement.This study was undertaken to observe the effects of curing depth and light curing times on the degree of conversion of dual cure resin cements. CR INLAY CEMENT, DUAL CEMENT and OPTEC BOND, by the Fourier transform Infrared analysis, changing the curing depth 1mm, 2mm and 3mm, and varying the light curing time 20 seconds, 40 seconds and 80 seconds at each depth. The cytotoxicity of dual cure resin cements was tested by the in vitro MTT method using L929 cell. The results was evaluated and compared statistically.The results were obtained as follows: 1. The dual cure resin cements reavealed various degree of conversion, CR INLAY CE- MENT and DUAL CEMENT had a tendency to be more reactive to the light cure and OPTEC BOND was a more chemical one. 2. CR INLAY CEMENT and DUAL CEMENT showed the lowest degree of conversion in 2 mm depth, and in 3mm depth the degree of conversion increased, which were due to the chemical cure of dual cures, but OPTEC BOND showed decreasing degree of conversion with increasing curing depth and all experimental groups showed lower degree of conversion than CHEMICAL group which cured in dark room with no light, so the weak light?uring of dual cure resin cement prevented the chemical cure. (P<0. 05) 3. CR INLAY CEMENT and DUAL CEMENT showed increasing degree of conversion in 1 mm and 3 mm, according to the increasing cure times, but in 2 mm depth the degree of conversion decreased with increasing light?uring times and OPTEC BOND showed contrary tendency, but there was no ststistical importance in the differences among the experimental group.(P>0.05) 4. The optical density by MTT assay of extractions of CR INLAY CEMENT, DUAL CE- MENT and OPTEC BOND revealed no statitically important differences comparing with optical density of negative control.(P>0.05) 5. CR INLAY CEMENT showed a tendency of increaing cytotoxicity with days and DUAL CEMENT and OPTEC BOND showed higher cytotoxicity in 2 days than in 4 days, but there was no statistical importance in the differences. (P>0.05)

황산칼슘, 아말감 및 수산화칼슘이 치근분지부 천공부위에 미치는 치유효과에 관한 비교 연구

강충규,노병덕,이승종 大韓齒科保存學會 1997 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.22 No.1

자동차용 증발기 설치 위치에 따른 유동장 해석

任孝宰,鄭德秀,李錫鎬 湖西大學校工業技術硏究所 1999 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.18 No.-

This work was conducted to study the distribution of velocity field in the inlet region of evaporator for automobile HVAC(Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning). By experimental and numerical simulation method, we found out that the installation position of evaporator in cool air blowing system had optimal value. Also, the porous media assumption of evaporator in computational domain assured to valid when compared with experimental results. Finally, the diffusing scroll which proved to be very efficient and silent by experimentally.

한약재가 Aspergillus parasiticus R-716의 生育과 aflatoxin 生成에 미치는 影響

구성회,이용욱,정덕화,김종규 한국식품위생학회 1988 식품위생학회지 Vol.3 No.2

한의원에서 오래 前부터 사용되어 오고 있는 몇 종의 한약재를 구입하여 이들을 chloroform으로 추출하여 추출물을 조제한 다음 공시균(Aspergillus parasiticus R-716)의 生育과 aflatoxin 生成에 미치는 影響을 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 結論을 얻었다. 1. 목단 추출물 첨가군에서 가장 현저하게 공시균의 生育이 저해되었고 그외의 첨가군에서도 강황, 봉출, 향부자, 백작액, 백출의 順으로 저해되었다. 2. Aflatoxin 生成은 백출과 강황 추출물 첨가군에서만 저해되었고, 나머지 첨가군에서는 오히려 증가되거나 효과가 적었다. 3. 백출 추출물 0.2ml첨가시 3일째부터 菌體 生成을 시작하여 9일째에 0.953g/30ml이었고, aflatoxin 함량은 792㎍으로서 대조군에 비해 약 50%가 감소되었다. 菌體 g當 aflatoxin 함량은 992㎍으로서 대조군의 1,467㎍에 비해 역시 크게 감소되었으며 NADPH oxidase 活性은 대조군보다 높아 백출 추출물이 공시균의 生育과 aflatoxin 生成에 저해 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. The possible effects of some oriental herbs, which have been used to treat cancerlike disease in Korea, on growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus R-716 were investigated. Zedoaria rhizoma, Curcuma longa, Cyperus rotundus, Angelica gigas, Paeonia albiflora, Paeonia mountan, Atractylis ovata, and Pulsatilla koreana were extracted with chloroform. Among them the extract of Paeonia mountan was remarkably effective on the growth inhibition, and Curcuma longa, Zedoaria rhizoma, Cyperus rotundus, Paeonia albiflora, Atractylis ovata also inhibited the growth. The extract of Atractylis ovata and Curcuma longa, also inhibited the aflatoxin production but the others showed no effect at all or sometimes stimulated effect. With the addition of 0.2ml extract of Atractylis ovata in 30ml SLS medium, the growth was delayed for about 2 days, and after 9 days, mycelium weight was 0.953g, and total aflatoxin was reduced 50%(792㎍)of that produced in the control(1547㎍). Aflatoxin per mycelium weight was decreased 32%(992㎍)of that produced in the control(1467㎍), but NADPH oxidase was higher as compared to the control. The extract of Atractylis ovata appeared to have a inhibitory effect on the growth and aflatoxin production of Aspergillus parasiticus R-716.

二重 Silicon Gate NMOS 工程을 利用한 2K EPROM 製作 및 測定

조협제,정호선,이덕동 경북대학교 공과대학 1986 工大硏究誌 Vol.15 No.-

2K bit EPROM array and test patterns were fabricated by double poly silicon-gate NMOS technicue. The channel length and width of the EPROM cell were 6㎛ and 12㎛, respectively. The operation of peripheral circuits was simulated by SPICE and the expected results were compared with experimental results. The optimal conditions of cell for programming were the drain voltage of 15-17V, gate voltage of 19-21V and the width of programming pulse of 30-35㎳, respectively. At that time, the threshold voltage was shifted from 1.6V(in erased state) to 9.4V (in programmed state).