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윤복연,문덕환,박명희,황용식,함성애,손병철,김대환,이창희,김휘동,이채언 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.5
Objective : This study was conducted to prepare the fundamental data on heavy metal concentration in hair permanents agents and to prevent the health impairment due to heavy metal. Methods and Material : The author determined of 5 heavy metals(Pb, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Cu) concentration hair permanent agents in the market with flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results : The results were as follows: 1. The geometic mean concentrations of total subjects were 0.04㎍/g for Pb, 0.09㎍/g for Cr, 0.06㎍/g for Mn, 0.03㎍/g for Ni, and 0.04㎍/g for Cu. 2. The most highest mean concentrations of heavy metals in hair permanent agents by using type were Cr for wave agent and straight cream agent, Cu for setting iron agent, Cr and Cu for coating perm agent. 3. Metal most hlghest mean concentrations of heavy in hair permanent agents by type of color was green for Cu. 4. The mean concentration of Cu among 5 heavy metals in hair permanent agents by marker was most highest. 5. There was most statistically significant difference on mean concentration in hair permanent agents between domestic and foreign products. 6. The exposure amount of heavy metal concentration by one time using the permanent agent were 4.O㎍ for Pb, 9.O㎍ for Cr, 6.0㎍ for Mn, 3.O㎍ for Ni and 4.0㎍ for Cu. Conclusion : As above results author suggest to prepare the preventive program of health impairment due to heavy metal by long term chronic exposure to who were using the hair permanent agents hair designer and customers.
정철수,신인식,현무성,배성제,김복영,이기청 한국운동역학회 1995 한국운동역학회지 Vol.5 No.1
One of the reason that the aerobic dance is popular for korean women is that it is considered as a moderate aerobic exercise. However, high rate of aerobic dance related injuries have been reported among the participants. The purpose of this study was to estimate the impulsive load to the body while performing certain aerobic dance movement. Based on the preliminary questionairs on aerobic dance injury for 210 replyees, two aerobic dance movements including Run and High Kick were identified as high injury induced movements. The impulsive loads during aerobic dance estimated were joint angular acceleration and the vertical ground reaction force. The joint angular acceleration was determined using a 3-D cinematography technique, and the ground reaction force was measured with using an AMTI force platform system. It was founded that : the peak vertical ground reaction force 1738.7±171.2N, 1990.9±134.9N for Run, High Kick respectively. The peak vertical ground reaction force during High kick movement reached 3.7 body weight, which exceeded 3 body weight of force that can be experienced during jogging. These results indicates that although the aerobic dance movements look moderate means of exercise, certain movement ca produce highly impulsive look to the body and can aggravate injury when the movement is, kept repeated faster than the speed of healing process.
REVERSE MOAT 식각 공정 유·무에 따른 STI-CMP 공정의 평탄화 특성
김철복,박성우,정소영,서용진 대불대학교 2001 論文集 Vol.7 No.1
Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process has been widely used to planarize dielectric layers, which can be applied to the integrated circuits for deep sub-micron technology. The rise throughput and the stability in the device fabrication can be obtained by applying CMP process to shallow trench isolation (STI) structure in 0.18㎛ semiconductor device. The reverse moat process has been added to employ in STI-CMP. Thus the process became complex and the defects were seriously increased. Removal rates of each thin films in STI-CMP was not equal, hence the devices must to be effected, that is, the damage was occurred in the device area for the case of excessive CMP process and the nitride film was remained on the device area for the case of insufficient CMP process than these defects affect the device characteristics. In this work, the high selectivity slurry(HSS) was developed to perform the direct global planarization without reverse moat etch step, and the planarization characteristics of STI-CMP process with and without reverse moat etch step were studied.
정복성,윤근철,심경보,고경석,한상훈 大韓成形外科學會 1993 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.20 No.3
Twenty four patients(21 males and 3 females) aged 14 to 70 years underwent 26 microvascular free tissue transfers in head and neck reconstructions from April 1990 to July 1992 (27 months) . Nineteen cases were tumors in head and neck area, and four were acquired deformities such as burn alopecia, burn scar contracture of the neck, Romberg disease and frontal sinus infection, and one was hemifaclal microsomia. The free flaps were executed successfully in 15 upper aerodigestive tracts, in 2 scalps and 3 skull bases and in contouring and resurfacing six facial and cervical lesions. The selection of donor site was bases upon the location of defect and the volume of tissue required : the forearm free flap was used in 11 cases, the rectus abdominis in 5, the groin in 2, the jejunum in 2, the occipital scalp in one, the first toe web space in one, the latissimus dorsi in one, the serratus anterior in one, the parietotemporalis fascia in one and the omentum in one. The free tissue transfers were primarily indicated in all patients in our series and there was no flap failure. The complications were minimal and the morbidities low. A free flap in the head and neck area is not only the most expedient method of reconstruction but also either the most reliable or the only available one in some clinical situations.
이승철,최복길,김남철 公州大學校 工學硏究院 生産技術硏究所 2004 論文集 Vol.12 No.-
Vanadium oxides have been widely used in a variety of technological applications such electrochromic devices as infrared detectors and are expected as a material suitable for gas sensing applications. Thin films of Vanadium oxide (VOx) have been deposited by r.f magnetron sputtering under different oxygen partial pressure ratios(0%, 10%) and substrate temperatures(27℃, 400℃). Humidity-sensitive properties of resistive sensors having interdigitated electrode structure are characterized. Our sensors show good response to humidity over 20%RH to 80%RH Vanadium oxide films deposited with 0%O2 partial pressure at 400℃ exhibit greater sensitivity to humidity change than others.
현대무용의 Leap 동작에서 숙련자와 비숙련자간의 운동학적 변인 비교 연구
김복영,배성제,정철수,이정은,임규찬 師範大學 體育硏究所 1992 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.13 No.1
The purpose of this study was to compare kinematics of the skilled group with the corresponding of the unskilled group during the leap of the mordern dance and to investigate the effective movement patterns of the leap. The kinematic and temporal variables examined using the DLT(Direct Linear Transformation) method of three-dimensional cinematography were leap time, leap distance, leap height and body segment angles at the instants of take off, peak height and touch down. Four skilled and four unskilled groups were selected as the subjects. Two 16mm high speed cameras were used to monitor the subjects’movement patterns. T-test was used to determine if there is any significant (p<0.05) differences on kinematic variables between the skilled and unskilled groups. The conclusions obtained from the analyzed data were as follows; (1) There were not any significant differences between two groups for the angles of body segment at the instant of take off and leap distance. (2) At the instant of peak height, the leap angle and the left ankle angle for the skilled groups were larger than for unskilled groups. (3) At the instant of touch down, the trunk angle in the sagittal plane for the skilled groups were larger than for unskilled groups. (4) The flight time and height for the skilled groups were longer and higher than for the unskilled groups.
스퍼터된 바나듐 산화막의 구조적, 전기적 특성에 미치는 진공 어닐링의 효과
이승철,황인수,최복길 公州大學校 工學硏究院 生産技術硏究所 2003 論文集 Vol.11 No.-
Thin films of vanadium oxide(VO_(x)) have been deposited by RF magnetron sputtering from V₂O_(5) target in gas mixture of argon and oxygen. The oxygen/(oxygen+argon) partial pressure ratio of 0% and 8% is adopted. Crystal structure and optical properties of films sputter-deposited under different oxygen gas pressures and in situ annealed in vacuum at 400℃ for 1h and 4h are characterized through XRD, XPS, RBS, FTIR, and optical absorption measurements. The films as-deposited are amorphous, but 0%O₂ films annealed for time longer than 4h and 8%O₂ films annealed for time longer than 1h are polycrystalline. I-v characteristics were distinguished between linear and nonlinear region. In the low field region the conduction is due to Schottky emission, while at high fields it changes to Fowler-Nordheim tunneling type conduction. The conductivity measurements have shown an Arrhenius dependence of the conductivity on the temperature.
孔福哲,高雲彩 대한본초학회 1996 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.11 No.1
The results of the study on the preparation of PHIZOMA PINELLIAE were as follows: 1. Preparations used in past were effective for reducing side effects of PHIZOMA PINELLIAE, and were safe in clinical application. 2. The aims of preparations of RHIZOMA PINELLIAE were safer application by reducing poisonous character of RHIZOMA PINELLIAE, and increase the range of clinical application by using kinds of herbs in procedure of preparation. 3. Modern researches say, raw RHIZOMA PINELLIAE has irritation and toxicity, but the toxicity can be reduced by roasting and broiling, and the irritation can be removed by boiling, so raw RHIZOMA PINELLIAE can be used in decocted medicinal herbs. 4. ALUMEN(白?) has the best effect of reducing toxicity of RHIZOMA PINELLIAE, and has the strongest reducing level of irritation and toxicity of RHIZOMA PINELLIAE, boiling and using RHIZOMA ZINGIBERIS(生薑) comes the next. 5. Using Heat and pressure and many other modern preparations can reduce the toxicity, the loss of availability and the time for preparation of RHIZOMA PINELLIAE. According to above results, combining methods of modern and the past used in preparation of RHIZOMA PINELLIAE can be more effective in clinical application and can prevent poisoning.