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Deep Leaky Single-peaked Triangle Neural Networks
Chuan-Hui Shan,Xi-Rong Guo,Jun Ou 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2019 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.17 No.10
Recently, Deep learning has made a great deal of success in processing images, audios, and natural languages and so on. The activation function is one of the key factors in Deep learning. In this paper, according to characteristics of biological neurons, an improved Leaky Single-Peaked Triangle Linear Unit (LSPTLU) activation function is presented for the right-hand response unbounded of Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) and Leaky ReLU(LReLU). LSPTLU is more in line with the biological neuron essence and achieves the excellent performance of equivalent or beyond ReLU and LReLU on different datsets, e.g., MNIST, Fashion-MNIST, SVHN, IMAGENET, CALTECH101 and CIFAR10 datasets.
Hydrogen production from water electrolysis: role of catalysts
Wang Shan,Lu Aolin,Zhong Chuan-Jian 나노기술연구협의회 2021 Nano Convergence Vol.8 No.4
As a promising substitute for fossil fuels, hydrogen has emerged as a clean and renewable energy. A key challenge is the efficient production of hydrogen to meet the commercial-scale demand of hydrogen. Water splitting electrolysis is a promising pathway to achieve the efficient hydrogen production in terms of energy conversion and storage in which catalysis or electrocatalysis plays a critical role. The development of active, stable, and low-cost catalysts or electrocatalysts is an essential prerequisite for achieving the desired electrocatalytic hydrogen production from water splitting for practical use, which constitutes the central focus of this review. It will start with an introduction of the water splitting performance evaluation of various electrocatalysts in terms of activity, stability, and efficiency. This will be followed by outlining current knowledge on the two half-cell reactions, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), in terms of reaction mechanisms in alkaline and acidic media. Recent advances in the design and preparation of nanostructured noble-metal and non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts will be discussed. New strategies and insights in exploring the synergistic structure, morphology, composition, and active sites of the nanostructured electrocatalysts for increasing the electrocatalytic activity and stability in HER and OER will be highlighted. Finally, future challenges and perspectives in the design of active and robust electrocatalysts for HER and OER towards efficient production of hydrogen from water splitting electrolysis will also be outlined.
Dynamic behavior analysis of push-the-bit rotary steerable bottom hole assembly
Zhi-chuan Guan,Heng Wang,Yu-cai Shi,Wei-qing Chen,Guo-shan Zhao,Jian-yun Wang,Guang-qiang Cao 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.4
Rotary steerable drilling technology is currently an advanced technology in the field of drilling engineering. A good understanding of dynamic behavior of rotary steerable system will benefit the drilling progress. Aimed at push-the-bit type of rotary steerable tool, finite element method was employed to model the rotary steerable bottom hole assembly (RSBHA) and establish the motion equation. Contact interaction between drill string and wellbore wall was analyzed and taken as the constraint condition in solving RSBHA motion equation. Force applied by steering pads was as the external force acting at the pads node. Then RSBHA motion state and bit lateral force were obtained by using Newmark method to solve the motion equation. A case was given and effects of influencing factors were analyzed. The results show that stick-slip phenomenon occurs under 60 r/min rotary speed condition and disappears when rotary speed rises to 90 r/min. Fully developed backward whirl comes into being at the near-bit stabilizer when rotary speed increases to 120 r/min. High weight on bit intensifies bit torsional vibration while larger pads’ steering force decreases the bit torsional vibration. Upper stabilizer plays a part in weakening RSBHA backward whirl under high rotary speed condition but reduces the inclination force. Time average of bit lateral force is mainly determined by pads’ steering force. Based on the results, corresponding suggestions were proposed to make the RSBHA be better used in the field applications.
Pathogenesis and treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and its fibrosis
Kuei-Chuan Lee,Pei-Shan Wu,Han-Chieh Lin 대한간학회 2023 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.29 No.1
The initial presentation of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is hepatic steatosis. The dysfunction of lipid metabolism within hepatocytes caused by genetic factors, diet, and insulin resistance causes lipid accumulation. Lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulum stress would further contribute to hepatocyte injury and death, leading to inflammation and immune dysfunction in the liver. During the healing process, the accumulation of an excessive amount of fibrosis might occur while healing. During the development of NASH and liver fibrosis, the gut-liver axis, adipose-liver axis, and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may be dysregulated and impaired. Translocation of bacteria or its end-products entering the liver could activate hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, and hepatic stellate cells, exacerbating hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Bile acids regulate glucose and lipid metabolism through Farnesoid X receptors in the liver and intestine. Increased adipose tissue-derived non-esterified fatty acids would aggravate hepatic steatosis. Increased leptin also plays a role in hepatic fibrogenesis, and decreased adiponectin may contribute to hepatic insulin resistance. Moreover, dysregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in the liver, adipose, and muscle tissues may impair lipid metabolism. In addition, the RAS may contribute to hepatic fatty acid metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis. The treatment includes lifestyle modification, pharmacological therapy, and non-pharmacological therapy. Currently, weight reduction by lifestyle modification or surgery is the most effective therapy. However, vitamin E, pioglitazone, and obeticholic acid have also been suggested. In this review, we will introduce some new clinical trials and experimental therapies for the treatment of NASH and related fibrosis.
Zhang, Shu-Xiang,Yang, Shan,Xu, Chang-Qing,Hou, Rui-Ping,Zhang, Chuan-Zhen,Xu, Cui-Ping Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.2
Aim: To study the contribution of genetic variation in RAD51 to risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods: Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in RAD51 (rs1801320, rs4144242 and rs4417527) were genotyped in 316 ESCC patients and 316 healthy controls in Anyang area of China using PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism). Demographic variables between cases and controls were statistically compared by T test and Chi-square test. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was evaluated by the Chi-square test. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to measure any association with ESCC. Haplotype frequencies were estimated by Phase 2.1. Result: The genotype frequencies of rs1801320, rs4144242 and rs4417527 in patients with ESCC demonstrated no significant differences from those in control group (P>0.05). When the haplotypes of these three SNPs were constructed and their relationships with ESCC risk investigated, however, CGG was observed to increase the risk (P=0.020, OR=2.289). Conclusions: There was no association between the three SNPs of RAD51 and ESCC susceptibility in our Chinese population. However, the CGG haplotype might be a risk factor.
First-principles study of transport properties of endohedral Li@C20 metallofullerene
Yi-Peng An,Chuan-Lu Yang,Mei-Shan Wang,Xiao-Guang Ma,De-Hua Wang 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.1
The transport properties of the endohedral Li@C20 metallofullerene are studied using density functional non-equilibrium Green’s function method. The equilibrium conductance of Li@C20 metallofullerene becomes larger than that of the empty C20 fullerene molecule. The I.V curve under low-bias voltage shows the characteristic of metallic behavior; another, the novel negative differential resistance behavior is also observed. It is found that the doping effect of Li atom significantly changes the transport properties of C20 fullerene.
Imaging Spectrum after Pancreas Transplantation with Enteric Drainage
Jian-Ling Chen,Rheun-Chuan Lee,Yi-Ming Shyr,Sing-E Wang,Hsiuo-Shan Tseng,Hsin-Kai Wang,Shan-Su Huang,Cheng-Yen Chang 대한영상의학회 2014 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.15 No.1
Since the introduction of pancreas transplantation more than 40 years ago, surgical techniques and immunosuppressive regiments have improved and both have contributed to increase the number and success rate of this procedure. However, graft survival corresponds to early diagnosis of organ-related complications. Thus, knowledge of the transplantation procedure and postoperative image anatomy are basic requirements for radiologists. In this article, we demonstrate the imaging spectrum of pancreas transplantation with enteric exocrine drainage.