Current situation and future prospects for beef production in Europe - A review

Hocquette, Jean-Francois,Ellies-Oury, Marie-Pierre,Lherm, Michel,Pineau, Christele,Deblitz, Claus,Farmer, Linda Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.7

The European Union (EU) is the world's third largest producer of beef. This contributes to the economy, rural development, social life, culture and gastronomy of Europe. The diversity of breeds, animal types (cows, bulls, steers, heifers) and farming systems (intensive, extensive on permanent or temporary pastures, mixed, breeders, feeders, etc) is a strength, and a weakness as the industry is often fragmented and poorly connected. There are also societal concerns regarding animal welfare and environmental issues, despite some positive environmental impacts of farming systems. The EU is amongst the most efficient for beef production as demonstrated by a relative low production of greenhouse gases. Due to regional differences in terms of climate, pasture availability, livestock practices and farms characteristics, productivity and incomes of beef producers vary widely across regions, being among the lowest of the agricultural systems. The beef industry is facing unprecedented challenges related to animal welfare, environmental impact, origin, authenticity, nutritional benefits and eating quality of beef. These may affect the whole industry, especially its farmers. It is therefore essential to bring the beef industry together to spread best practice and better exploit research to maintain and develop an economically viable and sustainable beef industry. Meeting consumers' expectations may be achieved by a better prediction of beef palatability using a modelling approach, such as in Australia. There is a need for accurate information and dissemination on the benefits and issues of beef for human health and for environmental impact. A better objective description of goods and services derived from livestock farming is also required. Putting into practice "agroecology" and organic farming principles are other potential avenues for the future. Different future scenarios can be written depending on the major driving forces, notably meat consumption, climate change, environmental policies and future organization of the supply chain.

Investigation of the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-standardized autologous blood injection as treatment for lateral epicondylitis

Christel Braaksma,Jill Otte,Ronald N. Wessel,Nienke Wolterbeek 대한견주관절학회 2022 대한견주관절의학회지 Vol.25 No.1

Background: There are various conservative treatment options for lateral epicondylitis (LE). The aim is to evaluate pain, daily functioning, and complications after ultrasound-standardized autologous blood injections in patients with LE. Methods: For this prospective cohort study, consecutive patients (>18 years) diagnosed with LE were included. Autologous blood was injected using a medical device containing an injection disposable with 12 small needles (Instant Tennis Elbow Cure [ITEC]) device. Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation (PRTEE), subjective elbow score (SES), palpation and provocation pain, satisfaction, and complications of treatment were measured at baseline and two months after treatment. Paired t-tests and Fisher’s exact tests were used for calculating the difference between pre- and post-treatment outcomes. Results: Fifty-five elbows were analyzed. Mean time between pre- and post-treatment was 11.1 weeks (standard deviation [SD], 8.9 weeks). The mean PRTEE score decreased from 68.2 (SD, 15.7) before surgery to 53.2 (SD, 25.9; p<0.001) after. The mean SES improved from 36.9 (SD, 20.8) to 51.7 (SD, 27.4; p<0.001). Despite this improvement, only 44.7% of patients showed relevant clinical improvement in PRTEE, and 37.3% showed significant clinical improvement based on SES. Four patients reported a complication and the injection disposable failed three times. Conclusions: Ultrasound-standardized autologous blood injection using the ITEC device is not an effective tool in reducing symptoms related to LE. This study showed that only half of all patients experienced a positive effect. In this heterogeneous cohort of patients, we showed no added value of ultrasound standardization.

Goal-Oriented Governance: Implications on Actors, Policies, Training Programs and Activities for Sustainable Development

( Christel Arnaud Ngadima ) 한국정책학회 2016 한국정책학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.-

ance as illustrated in Singapore model of survival and sustainability. The concept convincingly demonstrates that, if governance is not guided by clear goals, actors interactive, policies and training programs derived form perception of reality, then activities become self-perpetuation and development fails. Principles are then derived to guide governance in a context of vulnerability an non-sustainability.

다양성을 전망한다 : 독일의 과학과 과학정보

Christel, Mahnke 한국과학기술정보연구원 과학기술정보센터 2001 Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice Vol.32 No.2

본고는 독일에 있어서의 과학기구와 과학기술정보유통의 최신 진전상황을 개관한다. 정보시대에 있어서 도서관 및 정보센터는 산업계, 일반회사를 비롯하여 과학계 어디에서도 지식관리의 중심적 존재가 되고 있다. 정보의 공정한 거래에 관한 적절한 해결책이 필요하다. 정보전문가는 디지털도서관과 새로운 메타데이터 체계를 구축하고 있다. 정보의 최신 과학정책과 관민(民官)의 협력에 의한 발의에 의해 이 진전은 가속화되고 있다. This article takes a look at current developments of science organization and the distribution of scientific information in Germany. In the information age, libraries and information centres become centres of knowledge management for the science community, as well as for the industry and for the public. Suitable solutions for a fair trade of information are necessary. Information professionals set up digital libraries and new metadata systems. The government's updated science policy and public-initiatives accelerate the development.

Parsing Neural Networks - Combining Symbolic and Connectionist Approaches

Christel Kemke 대한전자공학회 1994 ICONIP : International Conference On Neural Inform Vol.3 No.2

Parsing Neural Networks - Combining Symbolic and Connectionist Approaches

Christel Kemke 대한전자공학회 1994 ICONIP : International Conference On Neural Inform Vol.3 No.1

Optimisation of the chemical generation of singlet oxygen ($^1O_2$, $^1{\Delta}_g$) from the hydrogen peroxide.lanthanum(III) catalytic system using an improved NIR spectrometer

Pierlot, Christel,Barbillat, Jacques,Nardello-Rataj, Veronique,Mathieu, Didier,Sergent, Michelle,Marko, Jean,Aubry, Jean-Marie Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.7

A near-IR chemiluminescence spectrometer designed to study chemical sources of singlet oxygen ($^1O_2$, $^1{\Delta}_g$), was built by coupling a reactor compartment to a nitrogen-cooled Ge diode through a bundle of optical fibres. This device was used to optimise the generation of $^1O_2$ from the hydrogen peroxide.lanthanum(III) catalytic system. The reaction kinetics were studied with a $2^33^3$//12 screening experimental design comprising twelve experiments. The influence of six factors was examined: the nature of the lanthanum salt (hydroxide, oxide or nitrate) and its concentration (0.05 or 0.1 mol $L^{-1}$), the pH value (5, 7 or 9), the concentration of $H_2O_2$ (0.5, 1 or 2 mol $L^{-1}$), the temperature (20 or $30^{\circ}C$) and the concentration of EDTA (0 or 5 mmol $L^{-1}$). Two responses were measured: the rate of $H_2O_2$ disproportionation and the intensity of the luminescence of $^1O_2$ at 1270 nm. The essential factor is the nature of the lanthanum salt since $La(NO_3)_3$ induces the disproportionation of $H_2O_2$ about $60{\tims}$ faster than $La_2O_3$ or $La(OH)_3$. Other influencing factors are the pH value, the concentration of $H_2O_2$, the temperature and the concentration of the lanthanum salt whereas the concentration of EDTA has no effect on the reaction. The catalytic activity of $La(NO_3)_3$ was then investigated in further detail by studying the influence of two factors (pH and $[H_2O_2]$) thanks to a Doehlert design.

Spectroscopic properties of phenolic and quinoid carotenoids: a combined theoretical and experimental study

Marian, Christel M.,Kock, Sebastian C.,Hundsdorfer, Claas,Martin, Hans-Dieter,Stahl, Wilhelm,Ostroumov, Evgeny,Muller, Marc G.,Holzwarth, Alfred R. Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.2

For the natural carotenoid 3,3'-dihydroxyisorenieratene (DHIR) and two synthetic derivatives, 3,3'-dihydroxy-16,17,18,16',17',18'-hexanor-$\Phi$,$\Phi$-carotene (DHHC) and $\Phi$,$\Phi$-carotene-3,3'-dione (DHIRQ, isorenieratene-3,3'-dione), steady state absorption experiments and combined density functional and multi-reference configuration interaction calculations were carried out. In addition, femtosecond transient absorption spectra were recorded for DHIR. Due to their marked out-of-plane distortion in DHIR, the phenolic end groups participate only partially in the conjugation system. In the low-energy regime its absorption spectrum with the maximum at $21\;700\;cm^{-1}$ in acetone solution therefore closely resembles that of $\beta$-carotene, the same as for the $T_1$ energy. Further similarities are also found for the decay kinetics of the optically bright $1^1{B_u}^+$ state of these compounds. After femtosecond excitation, the $1^1{B_u}^+$ population of DHIR decays with a lifetime of 110 fs to the vibrationally hot $2^1{A_g}^-$,v state which in turn relaxes to the $2^1{A_g}^-$,0 state within 500 fs. Decay of the $2^1{A_g}^-$,0 state to the $S_0$ state occurs at a time scale of 12 ps. Demethylation of the phenolic end groups alleviates the steric repulsion by the polyene chain and causes a small red shift ($1000\;cm^{-1}$) comparing the absorption spectra of DHHC and DHIR. Oxidation of DHIR leads to drastic changes of the electronic and geometric properties. The quinoid end groups of DHIRQ are fully integrated into the conjugation system, shifting the absorption maximum to $17\;800\;cm^{-1}$ in acetone solution which thus takes a blue color. The results of the quantum chemical calculations indicate that, in addition to the $2^1{A_g}^-$ ($S_1$) state, two dark internal charge-transfer singlet states and the $1^1{B_u}^-$ state might be located energetically below the optically bright $1^1{B_u}^+$ ($S_5$) state of DHIRQ.

Coping by crossdressing: an exploration of exercise clothing for obese heterosexual women

Deborah A. Christel,Nicole H. O’Donnell,Linda Arthur Bradley 한국의류학회 2016 Fashion and Textiles Vol.3 No.1

Over the past decade participation in physical activity for adult women has decreased while body size has increased. Overweight and obese individuals are considered the majority demographic in the United States; however, plus-sized clothing sales are minimal in comparison to other segments. Furthermore, there is little known about the clothing practices of obese women who engage in physical activity. The current study addresses this research gap by exploring obese heterosexual women’s clothing practices for exercise, with an emphasis on what women wear, their perceived choices, alternatives, and satisfaction. Lowe and Anspach’s (Home Econ Res J 7(2):121–127, 1978) notion of freedom of dress was the guiding conceptual framework for in-depth interviews with (n = 56) obese women. A majority of the women perceived having limited freedom in dress, and reported crossdressing in men’s clothing to engage in physical activity, which resulted in a perceived lack of gender expression. Crossdressing is wearing clothing of the opposite sex and gender expression is a way in which a person acts to communicate gender within a given culture. Women in this study indicated and the authors discuss that as clothing size increases, perceived freedom in dress decreases. In order to increase freedom in dress, our participants tended to believe it is their personal responsibility to lose weight.

Phase Evolution of an Al-B-N Nanocomposite Prepared from a Preceramic Polymer Mixture

Jeon, Jong-Kyu,Gervais, Christel,Babonneau, Florence,Kim, Dong-pyo 한국공업화학회 2004 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.10 No.5

The phase evolution of an Al-B-N ternary system was studied using mixture of nanosized Al metal powder and polyborazine, as a source of boron and nitrogen, which was pyrolyzed at 1200℃ in an Ar atmosphere. The precursor system initially formed an Al/AlN mixture when annealed at 700℃, and then it converted to AlN/BN/ A1B₂ nanocomposite phase at 900℃. Interestingly, we observed that, at 1200℃, the AlB₂ formed was reduced partly to Al metal embedded in the nanocomposite phase. The systems were investigated using XRD, XPS, and both ^(27)Al and ^(11)B solid state NMR spectroscopies.