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Cho, Y.,Choi, M.H.,Kim, B.,Kim, S. Elsevier 2016 Journal of chromatography A Vol.1444 No.-
<P>An experimental setup for the speciation of compounds by hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) with atmospheric pressure ionization while performing chromatographic separation is presented. The proposed experimental setup combines the high performance supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) system that can be readily used as an inlet for mass spectrometry (MS) and atmospheric pressure photo ionization (APPI) or atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) HDX. This combination overcomes the limitation of an approach using conventional liquid chromatography (LC) by minimizing the amount of deuterium solvents used for separation. In the SFC separation, supercritical CO2 was used as a major component of the mobile phase, and methanol was used as a minor co-solvent. By using deuterated methanol (CH3OD), AP HDX was achieved during SFC separation. To prove the concept, thirty one nitrogen- and/or oxygen-containing standard compounds were analyzed by SFC-AP HDX MS. The compounds were successfully speciated from the obtained SFC-MS spectra. The exchange ions were observed with as low as 1% of CH3OD in the mobile phase, and separation could be performed within approximately 20 min using approximately 0.24 mL of CH3OD. The results showed that SFC separation and APPI/APCI HDX could be successfully performed using the suggested method. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Enhanced energy harvesting based on surface morphology engineering of P(VDF-TrFE) film
Cho, Y.,Park, J.B.,Kim, B.S.,Lee, J.,Hong, W.K.,Park, I.K.,Jang, J.E.,Sohn, J.I.,Cha, S.,Kim, J.M. Elsevier 2015 Nano energy Vol.16 No.-
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has great potential for its use as an energy harvesting material as it exhibits not only outstanding piezoelectric and electrostatic characteristics resulting from ferroelectric effects, but also remarkably robust stability against repeated mechanical stress compared to inorganic materials. We report enhanced performances of poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) based energy generators with wider range of selections of flexible substrates through a surface morphology engineering using solvent annealing method as the key technology for simple and cost-effective fabrication at room temperature. It is clearly revealed that a solvent annealed P(VDF-TrFE) film is crystallised at room temperature and that the surface morphology is changed from a rough surface into a smooth and flat surface with increasing annealing time. This surface morphology engineering results in 8 times enhanced output voltage and current of the energy generators because of well-aligned electrical dipoles. We also demonstrate a highly transparent and flexible energy generator by employing graphene electrodes with the solvent annealed P(VDF-TrFE) film, which can be effectively harvesting various mechanical energy sources.
Profile decompositions of fractional Schrodinger equations with angularly regular data
Cho, Y.,Hwang, G.,Kwon, S.,Lee, S. Academic Press 2014 Journal of differential equations Vol.256 No.8
We study the fractional Schrodinger equations in R<SUP>1+d</SUP>, d≥3, of order d/(d-1)<α<2. Under the angular regularity assumption we prove linear and nonlinear profile decompositions which extend the previous results [9] to data without radial assumption. As applications we show blowup phenomena of solutions to mass-critical fractional Hartree equations.
Energy concentration of the focusing energy-critical fNLS
Cho, Y.,Hwang, G.,Shim, Y.S. Academic Press 2016 Journal of mathematical analysis and applications Vol.437 No.1
<P>We consider the fractional nonlinear Schrodinger equation (fNLS) with non-local dispersion vertical bar del vertical bar(alpha) and focusing energy-critical Hartree type nonlinearity [-(vertical bar x vertical bar(-2 alpha) * vertical bar u vertical bar(2))u]. We consider the energy -concentration phenomena of radial blowup solutions near the maximal existence time. We use the concentration -compactness approach of [19] for confined case and kinetic energy trapping approach of [21] for unconfined case. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</P>
Cho, Y.,Park, Y.,Choi, W. Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemi 2008 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.14 No.3
The sensitized dechlorination of CCl<SUB>4</SUB> in water was successfully demonstrated in the presence of nonionic surfactants (Brij-35) and ruthenium bipyridyl complexes [Ru<SUP>II</SUP>(bpy)<SUB>3</SUB>] under visible light illumination (λ>420nm). The ruthenium complex plays the role of a visible light sensitizer for this reductive conversion process, which is excited by absorbing visible light and subsequently transfers an electron to CCl<SUB>4</SUB>. The photoinduced electron transfers from the excited sensitizer to CCl<SUB>4</SUB> take place only in the presence of the surfactant, which concentrates both reactants within a micelle. The ruthenium sensitizer should be oxidized after transferring an electron to CCl<SUB>4</SUB>, but immediately regenerated by abstracting an electron from surrounding surfactant molecules. As a result, the ruthenium sensitizer acts as a photocatalyst with producing chlorides far above the stoichiometric concentration of the added sensitizer. The dechlorination rate was significantly reduced in the presence of dissolved oxygen, because the excited sensitizer is quenched by O<SUB>2</SUB>. With increasing each concentration of the surfactant, sensitizer, or CCl<SUB>4</SUB>, the corresponding CCl<SUB>4</SUB> dechlorination rate progressively increased, to reach a saturation at the concentration of 4.0g/L (surfactant), 5μM (sensitizer), or 30mM (CCl<SUB>4</SUB>), respectively. The visible light activity was strongly dependent on the kind of surfactants as well.
Adaptive live streaming system performance of MMT and DASH over a deployed LTE network
Cho, Y.,Park, S.,Kim, K.,Suh, D.Y. IET 2016 Electronics letters Vol.52 No.13
<P>Moving Picture Expert Group (MPEG) media transport and dynamic adaptive streaming over Hypertext Transfer Protocol are compared, which have been standardised by the MPEG for internet-based video services. Their performances as adaptive live streaming systems are evaluated over a deployed long term evolution network. The results provide their operational limitations and optimal operation parameters to improve resource usage and the quality of the users' experience.</P>
Analysis of dose-response to hexanal-induced gene expression in A549 human alveolar cells
Cho, Y.,Song, M. K.,Choi, H. S.,Ryu, J. C. Korean BioChip Society 2014 BioChip Journal Vol.8 No.2
The problems of analyzing dose effects on gene expression are gaining attention in toxicological research. Determining how gene expression profiles change with toxicant dose will improve the utility of arrays in identifying biomarkers and elucidating their modes of toxic action. In the present study, we focused on determining the dose-dependent alterations of gene expression profiles with hexanal exposure and we identified the possible biomarkers of hexanal in A549 human alveolar cells. A549 cells were exposed to a 5% inhibitory concentration (IC5) and a 20% inhibitory concentration (IC20) of hexanal for 48 h. Through microarray analysis using an oligonucleotide chip, we identified that the gene expression patterns were differentially shown in the control group and the hexanal-exposed groups. The hexanal-exposed groups are more sensitive to gene alteration than the control group, and gene expressions are more significantly altered in the IC20 exposure group than in the IC5 exposure group. With clustering analysis of gene expression profiles, we identified 2,929 IC5- and 3,678 IC20-specific genes, and 302 dose-dependently expressed genes. Gene ontology (GO) analysis with 246 annotated genes of the 302 dose-dependent expressed genes showed correlation with the key biological processes involved in neurological system processes, immune system development, cell activation, and cell-cell signaling. In conclusion, current study describes alterations in gene expression profiles in response to exposure to different doses of hexanal and related toxic pathways induced by significantly expressed genes. Moreover, novel genes and pathways that could potentially play a role in the prevention of respiratory disease due to aldehydes are identified.