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최동춘 ( Dong Choon Choi ),( Javeed A. Munsh ),김광우 ( Kwang W. Kim ) 한국농공학회 2001 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.43 No.5
This paper represents results of an effort to seismically rehabilitate a 12-story nonductile reinforced concrete frame building. The frame located in the most severe seismic area, zone 4, is assumed to be designed and detailed for gravity load requirements only. Both pushover and nonlinear time-history analyses are carried out to determine strength, deformation capacity and the vulnerability of the building. The analysis strength. Deformation capacity and the vulnerability of the building. The analysis indicates a drift concentration at the 1<sup>st</sup> floor level due to inadequate strength and ductility capacity of the ground floor columns. The capacity curve of the structure, when superimposed on the average demand response spectrum for the ensemble of scaled earthquakes indicates that the structure is extremely weak and requires a major retrofit. The retrofit of the building is attempted using viscoelastic (VE) dampers. The dampers at each floor level are sized in order to reduce the elastic story drift ratios to within 1%. It is found that this requires substantially large dampers that are not practically feasible. With practical size dampers, the analyses of the viscoelastically damped building indicates that the damper sizes provided are not sufficient enough to remove the biased response and drift concentration of the building. The results indicate that VE-dampers alone are not sufficient to rehabilitate such a concrete frame. Concrete buildings, in general. Being stiffer require larger dampers. The second rehabilitation strategy uses concrete shearwalls. Shearwalls increased stiffness and strength of the building, which resulted in reducing the drift significantly. The effectiveness of VE-dampers in conjunction with stiff shearwalls was also studied. Considering the economy and effectiveness, it is concluded that shearwalls were the most feasible solution for seismic rehabilitation of such buildings.
백남춘(Baek Nam-Choon),윤종호(Yoon Jong-Ho),윤응상(Yoon E. S),유창균(Yoo C. G),주문창(Joo M. C),손선우(Son S. W) 한국태양에너지학회 2007 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-
This study is on the evaluation of KIER Zero Energy Solar House(ZeSH). This ZeSH was designed and constructed for the goal of 70% self sufficiency only thermal loads. Various innovative technologies for reducing thermal load such as super insulation, high performance window, passive solar systems, ventilation heat recovery system , etc are applied in this ZeSH. In this study, the performance of the active solar heating system with geothermal heat pump as an auxiliary energy system and the energy self sufficiency rate are especially analyzed by experiment. Indoor setting temperature of ZeSH is 20℃ throughout the experimental period. As a result, the performance of active solar system is 35 to 40% depending on the various ambient condition and the solar fraction for heating season is about 74%.
Choon‑W. Nahm 한국세라믹학회 2020 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.57 No.1
This study elucidates the effect of sintering temperature on the nonlinearity and surge degradation characteristics of Mn3O4/ Nb2O5/Er2O3–doped ZnO–V2O5-based varistors. With increasing sintering temperature, the average grain size increased from 6.3 to 16.6 μm and the ceramic density decreased from 5.51 to 5.41 g/cm3. The highest nonlinearity (α1 = 45.6) was obtained when the sintering temperature reached 900 °C. The sample sintered at 900 °C exhibited the best clamp characteristics, where the clamp voltage ratio was 1.84–2.44 at a surge current of 1–25 A. By contrast, the sample sintered at 925 °C exhibited the highest electrical stability, where ΔE 1 mA/cm2E 1 mA/cm2 = −10.6% , Δ1∕1 = −37.2% and ΔJL/JL = 10.2% after applying a surge current of 200 A.
Association of the candidate polymorphisms in ADAM33 gene with Asthma
( June Hyuk Lee ),( Hae Sim Park ),( Sung Woo Park ),( An Soo Jang ),( Soo Taek Uh ),( Tae Yun Lim ),( Choon Sik Park ),( Soo Jong Hong ),( Stephen T. Holgate ),( John W. Holloway ),( Hyoung Doo Shin 대한내과학회 2003 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.65 No.10