대추나무 미친병에 관한 연구 (1) - 이병식물의 (罹炳植物) 내외형태학적 특징 및 그 명명에 대해서 -

홍순우(Soon Woo Hong),김종진(Chong Chin Kim) 한국식물학회 1960 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.3 No.1

HONG, Soon-Woo, & KIM, Chong-Chin: A study of virus disease on chinese date tree (I). On the external and the internal morphogical characteristics of disease inrected plants. Kor. Jour. Bot. 3 (1). 32-38. 1960 Since the peeuliar virus disease of chinese date tree (Zizyphus jujuba Mill. var. inermis Rehd.) has been noted in South Korea around 1950, 70% to 80% of the economically important trees have been either completely destroyed or infected with the virus, severe damage has been noted, particularly, across the area ranged from middle east to the middle part of Korea, including Seoul area. Yoon,-Koock-Byung in 1958 first reported the disease and described it might be caused by a kind of yellows. But he did not conform in his paper that the disease is pecisely caused by yellows virus. The authors, hereby intend to identify the true cause of the disease of the chinese date tree by studying the external symptoms of the disease and the internal morphological characteristics of the diseaset plant which shows various abnormalities in contrast to the healthy checks. In view of fact that the leaves of the infected plants become yellowish in color similar to the peach yellows, aster yellows, it is likely to be identifiable as the common yellows. Furthermore, the abnormal characteristics observed by the authors are as follow: The floral organs such as petals, sepald, stamens, and pistil turn into vegetative leaves, the leaves on heavily infected plant appear as small sized one and also showing as a common witch`s broom like symptom. There are also an occuring of numerous advantitious shoots developed from both of stems and roots. The amount of photosynthetc starch grains increses iIn parenchymatous cells, necrosis takes place in mesophyll, Partlcularly, Palisade Parenchyma in the leaves of infected plants are distinguished in contrast to the healthy checks. From the symptoms and the present experiments described above, the authors are belived that the disease of chinese date tree is not caused by the yellows. It appears the disease is rather similar to the symptoms of sandal spike virus which was noted in India early in this centry. But the host plant of sandal disease, Santalum album L. and the insect vector, Jassus indicus Wal., have never been reported in Korean flora and the founa. The temperature and the other environmental factors is auite different Korea ard India. Thus the authors believe that the peculiar disease must be an endemic new virus origin in Korea and must be called as shoot cluster disease of chinese date tree.

인과구문의 화용론 '-어서'와 '-니까'의 다성적 분석

홍종화 한국외국어대학교 외국어 종합연구센터 언어연구소 1996 언어와 언어학 Vol.22 No.-

有機質 廢棄物의 메탄가스化 硏究

洪鐘俊 건국대학교 1986 論文集 Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamometric conditions of microbial fermentation, and to establish the optimum drive conditions for the efficient operation of the mixed small scale single digester. In this study, the effects of mixing upon fermentation appeared to be high; the contact rate between the substrates and microorganisms was increased, precipitation of Insoluble solids was prevented, the discharge rate of gases staying between substrates was increased, and stable was production was facilitated consequently. The results of the study can be described as follows (A) Under the condition of mixed digestion system, some major factors such as concentration of methane gas, pH of liquid in the digester, and gas production rate, etc, were extensivly observed to establish the optimum drive conditions having a continuous feeding of 1.44 kg.V.S./m3/day of raw material from 16th day of the initial fermentation, and production of 0.79m3/m3/day of biogas containing 63% of methane. (B) The normal methane fermentation was able to be maintained when the concentration of waste in the digester indicated S=7.5gr/m3, the total number of microorganisms per volume unit of digester reached dx/dt =427.128(mass/vol-time), and the removal rate of organic material showed 40.6 percent. At this stage the average retention time of microorganisms in the digester was calculated as 8.6 days. According to the review made above, it is therefore proposed to drive the digester with substrate retention time of 10 days.

Fe-Ni-Si-B계 비정질합금의 자기적 성질

홍연기,김종오 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1989 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.4 No.2

Amorphous (Fe Ni) Si B (x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1, y=6, 8, 10, 12) alloys were prepared by a single roll quenching method. Both composition and temperature dependence of saturation magnetization were studied by vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM). Electrical resistivity was measured by four probe method and the power loss was calculated which is related change of frequency by A.C B-H loop tracer. Domain patterns were observed by Bitter method. 1. The preparation of amorphous alloys with all composition was possible, and after heat treatment crystallization occurred, resulting in Fe₃B and Ni₃B. 2. The saturation magnetization was increased with B content and the Curie temperature was about 750°K. 3. Electrical resistivity in amorphous alloys was twice in crystalline alloys and the crystallization temperature was increased with Si content. 4. The power loss of amorphous (Fe Ni) Si B alloys which is dependent on frequency was decreased with decreasing Si content and Ni content. 5. By heat treatment, the fingerprint type domain was gradually diminished and the decrease in power loss was also observed.

이중언어 교육과 한국의 외국어교육 과제

洪鐘善 한국영어교육연구학회 2000 영어교육연구 Vol.- No.21

This study reviewed the extensive professional literature on bilingual education. It also, investigated and analyzed the problems of English teaching as a foreign language in Korea. The purposes of the study were (1) reviewing the extensive professional literature on the various aspects of bilingual education, (2) comparing and analyzing the difference of the bilingual education policy of other countries, (3) attempting to find any significance in Korea where English is taught not as a second language (ESL), but as a foreign language (EFL), and (4) proposing alternative ways to produce more proficient bilinguals in Korea. The language proficiency of multi languages has been required by most elite societies in the world. However, multi-language education program should be provided for all the people to prepare the 21st century. The concept of bilingual education is different in between ESL society and EFL society. In EFL society, the English is mostly used for the international affairs and communications while the English is not taught as a subject but used as an educational language in ESL society. Five recommendations for implementation were made based upon the results of the literature review and empirical study: (1) Additional research is needed to deal with different aspects of bilingual education. (2) Early English education should be continued because the earlier the opportunity for children's language education is, the more effective the education will be. (3) To achieve the goal of integrative motivation for listening, speaking, reading and writing in English education, middle and high school teachers themselves must have ability in the language, and have the intention of putting the goal into practice. Also, they must have the knowledge of various aspects of bilingual education and try to use them properly in the educational field. (4) For efficient college English education in an EFL environment developing a social atmosphere where English can be used naturally is necessary, and the comprehensive area study programs should be provided. (5) To prevent from a lot of abroad language tour during vacations, English village where all the students are learned by English speakers should be established in Korea.

아세틸콜린

홍종화 서울대학교 의과대학 정신과학교실 1983 精神醫學報 Vol.7 No.11

畜産廢棄物의 메탄醱酵 硏究

洪鍾俊 건국대학교 1985 論文集 Vol.20 No.1

The amount of animal wastes producted by a Korean Livestock farm has increased greatly year by year just as the stale of livestock farms has become larger with greater income. The anaerobic digestion of these wastes is essential for pollution control. Because our country has a few natural resources, it is also urgent to develop methane gas fuel from the process. This study aims at designing an economical method of producing a constant amount of biogas during the harsh winter season. Applying the simple tank fermentation system which is easily accessible to a livestock raising farm, the optimum fermentation conditions are concluded as follows. 1. Utilizing the compost heating system without any other heating source in winter, the fermentation temperature of the digester can be controlled at on around temperature of 35℃, and biogas can be yielded all the year round. 2. The optimum hydrogen ion concentration (pH= 7.0∼7.2) and biogas composition (CH4 =60∼63%) are obtained for the organic material loading. 3. Through observing the acid fermentation, acid reduction, and alkali fermentation phases by the symbiotic fungus in pig manure, the proper time to control the environmental conditions can be determined. 4. Analyzing comparatively the heat loss at three places in the compost heating system, the corrective measures to prevent heat loss on Q1〉Q3〉Q2 were found.

직렬접속 자기여자 권선형 유도발전기의 정상상태해석

홍문석,좌종근 제주대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.11 No.1

This paper describes the steady-state performance of a self-excited wound type induction generator with stator and rotor windings connected in series along with excitation capacitors. For this purpose a mathematical model is developed by means of the well known generalized machine theory utilizing d-q axis orthogonal transformation. This model can be used to analyze short shunt and long shunt generators as well as shunt generator and the algorithm for analysis is presented. The characteristics of generators are compared one another by using parameters which are validated by Mostafa et at.

平調會相의 旋律 및 樂器編成에 관한 硏究 : 上ㆍ中靈山에 基하여

洪鍾鎭 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1986 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.51 No.-

This essay was written in order to know more about the existing P'yongjo hoesang(平調會相), firstly by analyzing and comparing Hyonak yongsanhoesang(絃樂靈山會相) with melody, and secondly by examining closely the P'yongjo hoesang of the 1930's with that of the present. Due to the studies mentioned above, the following conclusions could be obtained. 1. Among the rhythm of P'yongjo hoesang's Komun'go(玄琴), Kayagum(伽倻琴), P'iri(필률), Haegum(奚琴), those melodies that are not lowered by four intervals are to five intervals, abdicated upwards or there is a change in melody as a consequence of the abdication. And in the case of chamber ensemble, it coincides with the melody of wind ensemble. 2. The existing P'yongjo hoesang's Taegum(大금) melody is played one octave higher than that of 1930's S.P. pipe P'yongjo hoesang. 3. In the 1930's, Sep'iri(細필률).was used in S.P. pipe P'yongjo hoesang, but it is now replaced by the use of Hyang-P'iri(鄕필률). 4. The present P'yongjo hoesang's P'iri, Taegum are played in the form of wind ensemble to which chamber ensemble such as Komun'go, Kayagum is added. Consequently, when the existing P'yongjo hoesang is played in concert with the chamber ensemble, Taegum is played one octave lower and Sep'iri must be played along with it. On the other hand, when Taegum is played one octave higher and Hyang-P'iri is played along with, we must note that it will not be harmonized with stringed instruments.

평면 후막형 이산화탄소 센서의 감지 특성

홍현석,박동섭,박진수,박종욱 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 2002 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.13 No.1