Evaluation of Total Electron Scattering Cross Sections of Plasma-Relevant Molecules

Cho, H.,Yoon, J.-S.,Song, M.-Y. AMERICAN NUCLEAR SOCIETY, INC. 2013 Fusion science and technology Vol.63 No.3

Development of molecular detection kit for Larimichthys crocea and Larimichthys polyactis

Cho, H.,Kim, J. H.,Lee, W. S.,Jeong, W.,Moon, H. B.,Hwang, S. Y. Korean BioChip Society 2014 BioChip Journal Vol.8 No.2

Large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) and redlip yellow croaker (L. polyactis) are commonly consumed species in fisheries markets in East Asian countries. They have wide differences of price due to consumer preferences for L. polyactis. However, it is difficult to identify the species based on the appearance of both species from the general public. In this study, a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kit was designed to distinguish these two species. Species-common primer pairs were designed, and two species-specific probes were designed with sequences that were 2 bp different. The L. crocea target probe was modified using HEX dye, whereas the L. polyactis was modified using FAM dye. These primer pairs and probes worked in a single reaction. Based on the confirmation of a simple peak image, both species were sufficiently distinguished. The PCR kit developed in our study can be suggested as a good tool to distinguish both fish species for consumer as well as producer. In addition, the species-specific probes can be used as the biomarker, which applies to the lab-on-a-chip technology.

A new assessment method of outdoor tobacco smoke (OTS) exposure

Cho, H.,Lee, K. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2014 Atmospheric environment Vol.87 No.-

Outdoor tobacco smoke (OTS) is concerned due to potential health effects. An assessment method of OTS exposure is needed to determine effects of OTS and validate outdoor smoking policies. The objective of this study was to develop a new method to assess OTS exposure. This study was conducted at 100 bus stops including 50 centerline bus stops and 50 roadside bus stops in Seoul, Korea. Using real-time aerosol monitor, PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> was measured for 30 min at each bus stop in two seasons. 'Peak analysis' method was developed to assess short term PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> exposure by OTS. The 30-min average PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> exposure at each bus stop was associated with season and bus stop location but not smoking activity. The PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> peak occurrence rate by the peak analysis method was significantly associated with season, bus stop location, observed smoking occurrence, and the number of buses servicing a route. The PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> peak concentration was significantly associated with season, smoking occurrence, and the number of buses servicing a route. When a smoker was standing still at the bus stop, magnitude of peak concentrations were significantly higher than when the smoker walking-through the bus stop. People were exposed to high short-term PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> peak levels at bus stops, and the magnitude of peak concentrations were highest when a smoker was located close to the monitor. The magnitude of peak concentration was a good indicator helped distinguish nearby OTS exposure. Further research using 'peak analysis' is needed to measure smoking-related exposure to PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> in other outdoor locations.

Concordance between the tuberculin skin test and interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) for diagnosing latent tuberculosis infection in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and patient characteristics associated with an indeterminate IGRA

Cho, H,Kim, Y W,Suh, C-H,Jung, J-Y,Um, Y-J,Jung, J-H,Kim, H-A SAGE Publications 2016 Lupus Vol.25 No.12

<P>Objective We investigated the agreement between the tuberculin skin test (TST) and the QuantiFERON-TB gold (QFT-G) assay in the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Furthermore, we evaluated the factors associated with indeterminate results in the QFT-G assay in patients with SLE. Methods We enrolled 136 patients with SLE prospectively, and compared them to 66 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In addition to the TST, QFT-G assay, patients' medications, and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination status were also investigated. A positive TST or QFT-G assay result without an active tuberculosis lesion on chest x-ray was considered to indicate a diagnosis of LTBI. Results The prevalence of LTBI was 26.5% in patients with SLE and 30.3% in patients with RA. The agreement between the TST and QFT-G assay was fair in SLE patients, but poor in RA patients. BCG vaccination was one factor associated with discordance between TST and QFT-G. Older age and higher SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score were associated with a negative TST/positive QFT-G result in patients with SLE. Higher SLEDAI score and increased glucocorticoid dose were associated with an indeterminate result in the QFT-G assay for patients with SLE. Conclusions Agreement between the QFT-G assay and TST in patients with SLE was found to be fair. However, BCG vaccination status, age, and SLEDAI score are all factors that could result in discordance between the two tests. Indeterminate results from the QFT-G assay may be caused by a higher SLEDAI score or increased glucocorticoid dose.</P>

Staufen1-Mediated mRNA Decay Functions in Adipogenesis

Cho, H.,Kim, K.,Han, S.,Choe, J.,Park, S.,Choi, S.,Kim, Y. Cell Press 2012 Molecular cell Vol.46 No.4

The double-stranded RNA binding protein Staufen1 (Stau1) is involved in diverse gene expression pathways. For Stau1-mediated mRNA decay (SMD) in mammals, Stau1 binds to the 3' untranslated region of target mRNA and recruits Upf1 to elicit rapid mRNA degradation. However, the events downstream of Upf1 recruitment and the biological importance of SMD remain unclear. Here we show that SMD involves PNRC2, decapping activity, and 5'-to-3' exonucleolytic activity. In particular, Upf1 serves as an adaptor protein for the association of PNRC2 and Stau1. During adipogenesis, Stau1 and PNRC2 increase in abundance, Upf1 becomes hyperphosphorylated, and consequently SMD efficiency is enhanced. Intriguingly, downregulation of SMD components attenuates adipogenesis in a way that is rescued by downregulation of an antiadipogenic factor, Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2), the mRNA of which is identified as a substrate of SMD. Our data thus identify a biological role for SMD in adipogenesis.

LDFSA: A Learning-Based Dynamic Framed Slotted ALOHA for Collision Arbitration in Active RFID Systems

Cho, H.,Lee, W.,Baek, Y. SPRINGER-VERLAG 2007 Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol.- No.4459

Conformable superoleophobic surfaces with multi-scale structures on polymer substrates

Cho, H.,Jeong, J.,Kim, W.,Choi, D.,Lee, S.,Hwang, W. Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for e Vol.4 No.21

<P>The preparation of superoleophobic surfaces has attracted considerable attention, but the practical application of previously reported methods is still difficult owing to the required complicated wafer process and lack of adaptability to any target objects. In this study, we successfully developed a highly conformable superoleophobic surface on a flexible polypropylene film using multi-scale structures and surface functionalization. The multi-scale structures are fabricated via the formation of nanowire arrays and attachment of nanoflakes, realized by inexpensive and easy fabrication processes. Then, after deposition of a fluoroalkylsilane coating, the structured surface shows superoleophobicity with high contact angles and low sliding angles for various liquids with surface tensions as low as 23.8 mN m(-1). We also realized a patterned surface with extremely different wettabilities by tailoring the surface geometry and surface energy. Further, the wetting properties of the fabricated surface were maintained during repeated bending and twisting tests (10 000 cycles) and under shrinkage deformation (epsilon(shrink) = 10%). Thus, the proposed strategy represents a facile method to develop easily adaptable surfaces with special wettabilities.</P>

Applying singular value decomposition on accelerometer data for 1D convolutional neural network based fall detection

Cho, H.,Yoon, S.M. Institution of Electrical Engineers 2019 Electronics letters Vol.55 No.6

Evolution of the Late Cretaceous Dadaepo Basin, SE Korea, in response to oblique subduction of the proto-Pacific (Izanagi/Kula) or Pacific plate

Cho, H.,Son, M.,Cheon, Y.,Sohn, Y.K.,Kim, J.S.,Kang, H.C. International Association for Gondwana Research 2016 GONDWANA RESEARCH Vol.39 No.-

The Dadaepo Basin is a small Late Cretaceous sedimentary basin in SE Korea, located on the eastern margin of Asia. The basin is an isolated extensional basin situated between the NNE-striking Yangsan and Dongnae faults. The basin-fill sediments, named the Dadaepo Formation, consist of channelized conglomerates and sandstones intercalated with dominantly purple mudstones in the lower part. The upper part is dominated by fine- to coarse-grained tuffaceous sandstones and olive to dark gray mudstones with abundant volcanic interbeds. The formation unconformably overlies dacitic rocks dated at ca. 94Ma and is overlain by basaltic andesite dated at ca. 69Ma (Ar-Ar ages). The overall configuration of the strata of the Dadaepo Formation indicates syndepositional tilting of the basin floor to the north-northeast. A number of outcrop-scale faults are observed in the basin-fill sediments, of which the majority are NW-striking normal faults, including syndepositional growth faults. The orientations of mafic (magmatic) and clastic dikes, interpreted as being approximately contemporaneous with the deposition of the Dadaepo Formation, are also nearly parallel to the strikes of outcrop-scale normal faults. All these extensional structures consistently indicate NE-SW extension of the basin and obliquely intersect the basin-bounding Yangsan and Dongnae faults at angles of 40<SUP>o</SUP>-60<SUP>o</SUP>. It is thus concluded that the Dadaepo Formation was deposited in a pull-apart basin that subsided as a result of NNE-striking sinistral strike-slip faulting in the southeastern part of the Korean Peninsula during the Campanian (Late Cretaceous). This strike-slip faulting was related to north-northwestward oblique subduction of the proto-Pacific (Izanagi/Kula) or Pacific plate under the eastern margin of the Eurasian plate.

Organic wrinkles embedded in high-index medium as planar internal scattering structures for organic light-emitting diodes

Cho, H.,Kim, E.,Moon, J.,Joo, C.W.,Kim, E.,Park, S.K.,Lee, J.,Yu, B.G.,Lee, J.I.,Yoo, S.,Cho, N.S. Elsevier Science 2017 Organic electronics Vol.46 No.-

Organic wrinkle structures are investigated as an internal scattering layer for the fabrication of highly efficient organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The solution-processed wrinkle structures are planarized with a high-index layer, resulting in a reduced surface roughness and optical haze simultaneously. The OLED device including the wrinkle structures achieved external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 24.2%, corresponding to a 1.24 time enhancement with respect to that of a control device having no internal scattering layer. By attaching a micro lens array (MLA) or a half ball lens (HBL) on the external surface of the substrate, the proposed device exhibits an EQE of 30.5% (1.56 time enhancement) and 41.8% (2.14 time enhancement), respectively. Randomness of the distributed wrinkle structures is shown to provide additional benefits of reduced angular spectral distortion and Lambertian-like emission properties. Trans-scale optical simulation combining wave-optics and the geometrical effect are used for the quantitative analysis of the emission characteristics of the device.