Perceived Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Association With Meals in a French Cohort of Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome

( Chloé Melchior ),( Simon Fremaux ),( Pauline Jouët ),( Gilles Macaigne ),( Jean-jacques Raynaud ),( Suzelle Facon ),( Franck Iglicki ),( Yannick Taes ),( Jean-marc Sabate ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2021 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.27 No.4

Background/Aims The aim of our study is to evaluate the association between meals and perceived gastrointestinal symptoms in real life in a French cohort of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. Methods This prospective cross-sectional observational study included patients from the French association (association des patients souffrant du syndrome de l’intestin irritable [APSSII]) of IBS. Data were collected on demographics, IBS subtype, dietary food, and meal-induced gastrointestinal symptoms from patient filled self-questionnaires or questionnaires. Results Eighty-four patients with IBS were included; 82.3% female with a mean age of 46.9 ± 15.7 years. Each transit pattern subtype represented one-third of the population. Forty-five percent of patients had severe IBS according to IBS-Severity Scoring System; mean IBS Quality of Life score was 53.9 ± 18.3. Patients believed that food could trigger or exacerbate gastrointestinal symptoms in 73.3% and 93.4%, respectively. Eighty-nine percent had already tried diets, mostly lactose free diet and low fermentable, oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols diet in 61.3% and 53.6% of cases. Thirty-nine percent of meals induced gastrointestinal symptoms. Meal-induced gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with severity and subtype but not with quality of life. Conclusions This study has confirmed the important link between gastrointestinal symptoms and food. Gastrointestinal symptoms induced by meals are frequent and associated with severity and IBS-diarrhea subtype. Our study also underlines patients’ interest in food and diet. More knowledge is needed on food that triggers IBS symptoms but also on diet conditions in order to improve this condition. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021;27:574-580)

Homogenization of Cemented Soil Stiffness and Application to the Study of Arching Effects between Jet-Grouted Columns

Chloé Arson,Benjamin Juge 대한토목학회 2014 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.18 No.7

This paper presents a study of the effect of jet-grouting on soil stiffness. Several homogenization techniques are tested at the scale of a Representative Elementary Volume (REV) to determine the stiffness of a mixture made of sand and grout. (1) The averaging method is employed to compute the mechanical stiffness of grouted soil under the assumption that internal stress is mostly supported by the soil skeleton. (2) A hollow sphere model is proposed to predict stiffness under the assumption that soil grains do not contribute to the mechanical resistance of cemented soil. (3) Eshleby’s homogenization scheme is used to model cemented soil stiffness for a dilute distribution of grains embedded in grout. The hollow sphere model gives more flexibility in the description of soil fabric, but does not account for soil grain mechanical properties. Eshelby’s technique is attractive, but more work is required to improve the representation of cemented soil fabric, especially the soil grain space distribution in the mixture of sand and grout. Settlements above a tunnel surrounded by two rows of jet-grouted columns are computed using the Finite Element Method (FEM). Numerical results for vertical displacements and stress are interpreted with Handy’s arching theory.

Feline vocal communication

Chloé Tavernier,Sohail Ahmed,Katherine Albro Houpt,Seong Chan Yeon 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.1

Cat vocalizes to communicate with another and express their internal states. The vocal repertoire of the cat is wide and up to 21 different vocalizations have been described in the literatures. But it is more than probable that the repertoire contains more types of vocalizations. An ethogram was created in this paper describing the actual known vocalisations of the domestic cat based on an auditory classification. However, the audiogram allows also a visual classification which can increase the accuracy of vocalization differentiation. The classification can be risky as it is sometimes unclear if different types of vocalizations are produced in different environments or if a unique type of vocalization is used with variation in the acoustic parameters. As an example, isolation calls produced by kittens differ depending on the context. The environment has an important impact on the vocal behaviour and thus feral cats and pet cats vocalize differently. Pet cats are thus able to create an efficient communication with humans thanks to the flexibility of vocalisation behaviours. This review allowed us to create a simple model of the cat vocal repertory.

Achalasia and Hiatal Hernia: A Rare Association and a Therapeutic Challenge

Georgiana Tutuian,Chloé Leandri,Radu Tutuian,Sophie Scialom,Mahaut Leconte,Anthony Dohan,Romain Coriat,Stanislas Chaussade,Maximilien Barret 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2023 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.29 No.4

Background/AimsAchalasia and hiatal hernia are rarely associated. The aim of the current study is to explore the clinical and manometric findings in patients with achalasia and hiatal hernia, and to determine if the presence of a hiatal hernia should influence therapeutic management in patients with achalasia. MethodsThis retrospective single center analysis included a group of patients with achalasia and hiatal hernia (study group) and a group of matched patients with achalasia but no hiatal hernia (control group). We recorded demographic, clinical, endoscopic, and manometric parameters and compared initial presentation and treatment outcomes between the groups. ResultsBetween 2015 and 2022, achalasia was diagnosed in 294/1513 (19.4%) patients. Concomitant hiatal hernia was identified in 13/294 (4.4%) patients. Compared to patients with achalasia and no hiatal hernia, patients in the study group had lower Eckardt scores at baseline (5.4 ± 2.0 vs 7.8 ± 2.4; P = 0.005) but similar integrated relaxation pressure. Following treatment, patients in the study and control group had similar clinical success and prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. ConclusionsHiatal hernia is rarely associated with achalasia. The presence of a hiatal hernia should not influence treatment decisions in patients with achalasia.

Association between symptoms, quality of life and gastric emptying in dyspeptic patients

Fabien Wuestenberghs,Mathilde Juge,Chloé Melchior,Charlotte Desprez,Anne-Marie Leroi,Guillaume Gourcerol 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2019 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.25 No.4

Background/Aims Association between symptoms, quality of life and gastric emptying in dyspepsia is inconsistent in the literature. The aim of our study is to investigate if gastric emptying is associated with specific symptoms and quality of life in dyspeptic patients. Methods We reviewed retrospectively gastric emptying measured by 13C-labelled octanoate breath testing for more than 6 hours in 198 consecutive patients with dyspepsia complaints. Gastrointestinal symptoms were assessed using a 5-points Likert scale and by a symptomatic composite score, whereas quality of life was measured by the GIQLI. Results In our cohort, 90 patients (45%) had a delayed gastric emptying (half emptying time above 166 minutes when assessed over 6–8 hours). There was no difference in symptoms or quality of life between patients with or without delayed gastric emptying. However, patients with severely delayed gastric emptying (half emptying time above 200 minutes) had increased postprandial fullness (P = 0.012), abdominal pain (P = 0.026), bloating (P = 0.044), early satiety (P = 0.018), symptomatic composite score (P = 0.005), and a lower quality of life (P = 0.018). This association was no longer observed if the calculation of gastric emptying was limited to the first 4-hour samples. Conclusions There is no association between symptoms, quality of life and gastric emptying in an overall dyspeptic population. However, there is an association between symptoms, quality of life of delayed gastric emptying in the subgroup of patients with severely delayed gastric emptying. An 8-hour measurement of gastric emptying should be recommended.

Esophagogastric Junction Outflow Obstruction Caused by Gabapentin

Maximilien Barret,Marie-Anne Guillaumot,Chloé Léandri,Raphael Gaillard,Stanislas Chaussade 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2019 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.25 No.2

Genes Involved in Interleukin-1 Receptor Type II Activities Are Associated With Asthmatic Phenotypes

Anne-Marie Madore,Vanessa T. Vaillancourt,Emmanuelle Bouzigon,Chloé Sarnowski,Florent Monier,Marie-Hélène Dizier,Florence Demenais,Catherine Laprise 대한천식알레르기학회 2016 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.8 No.5

Purpose: Interleukin-1 (IL-1) plays a key role in inflammation and immunity and its decoy receptor, IL-1R2, has been implicated in transcriptomic and genetic studies of asthma. Methods: Two large asthma family collections, the French-Canadian Saguenay—Lac-St-Jean (SLSJ) study and the French Epidemiological Study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA), were used to investigate the association of SNPs in 10 genes that modulate IL-1R2 activities with asthma, allergic asthma, and atopy. Gene-gene interactions were also tested. Results: One SNP in BACE2 was associated with allergic asthma in the SLSJ study and replicated in the EGEA study before statistical correction for multiple testing. Additionally, two SNPs in the MMP2 gene were replicated in both studies prior to statistical correction and reached significance in the combined analysis. Moreover, three gene-gene interactions also survived statistical correction in the combined analyses (BACE1-IL1RAP in asthma and allergic asthma and IL1R1-IL1RAP in atopy). Conclusions: Our results highlight the relevance of genes involved in the IL-1R2 activity in the context of asthma and asthma-related traits.