Blocking of Cell Proliferation, Cytokines Production and Genes Expression Following Administration of Cordyceps Sinensis in the Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids Cells

Kuo, Yuh-Chi,Wu, Chia-Lin,Tasi, Wei-Jern,Wang, Jir-Yenn,Chang, Shi-Chung,Lin, Ching-Yuang,Shiao, Ming-Shi 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1

Yuh-Chi Kuo¹,Chia-Lin Wn¹,Wei-jern Tasi¹,Jir-Yenn Wang²,Shi-Chung Chang₃,Ching-Yung Lin⁴,and Ming-Shi Shiao⁴¹National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, ²Department of Biology,Fu Jen University, ³Department of Chest, ⁴Department of Pediatrics, □De[art,amt of Medical Research and Education. Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Yuh-Chi Kuo¹,Chia-Lin Wn¹,Wei-jern Tasi¹,Jir-Yenn Wang²,Shi-Chung Chang²,Ching-Yung Lin³,and Ming-Shi Shiao⁴.¹National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, ²Department of Biology,Fu Jen University, ³Department of Chest, ⁴Department of Pediatrics, □De[art,amt of Medical Research and Education. Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Blocking of Cell Proliferation, Cytokines Production and Genes Expression Following Administration of Cordyceps sinensis in the Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids Cells. Proceedings of international Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 44-64, 1999.-Cordyceps sinensis is a major parasitic fungus on larva of Lepidoptera. It is one of the well know fungi used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment asthma, lung and kideney diseases. Many fungi belonging to the genus Cordyceps have been demonstrated to produce natural products with various biological activities. Reported biological activities of genus cordyceps include:(a)inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis;(b)enhancement of cell differentiation;(c)restruction of cytoskeleton;(d)inhibition of protein kinase activity;(e)antitumor activity on bladder, colon, lung carcinoma as well as fibroblastoma;(f)inhibition of the infection and revers transciptase activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1; and(g) inhibition of methylation of nucleic acid. Thus, it is suggested that the extracts of Cordyceps sp. Contain antitumor, antiviral, and many other biological activities. In our previous studies, we proved that C. sinensis contains the antitumor and immunomodulatory agents. In the present studies, effects of C. sinensis on bronchoalveolar lavage fluids(BAL)cells were demonstrated. The crude methanolic extracts of C. sinensis were fractionated into 15 fractions by silica gel column chromatography. Effects of various fraction on BAL cells proliferation and lipopolysaccharide(LPS) stimulated interleukin-1β(IL-8),platelet activating factor(PAF), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and interleukin-8(IL-8) production on BAL cells were determined. The result indicated that the CS-19-22 fraction suppressed BAL cells proliferation activated by LPS. The median inhibitory concentration(IC50) was 6㎍/ml. The CS-19-22 fraction also decreased IL-1β,PAF,IL-6, TNF-αand IL-8 production.The results of revers transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) demonstrated that the CS-19-22 fraction did not affect IL-1β,PAF,IL-6, TNF-α,and IL-8 mRNAs expression in BAL cells activated by LPS. By contrast, it inhibited the IL-10 mRNA expression but enhanced IFN-γand IL-12 mRNAs expression in activated BAL cells. Moreover, the CS-19-22 fraction blocked PAF-induced platelet aggregation. It is unlikely that cytotoxicity was involved. Because no cell deths were observable. We hypothesize that inhibitory mechanisms of CS-19-22 on BAL cells proliferation may be related to the impairments of gene expression and production of cytokines in BAL cells. The explanation of C. sinensis antiasthma function may involved the following(1)C.sinenesis contained immunomodulatory agents that stimulated IFN-γand IL-12 expression in TH1cells.(2)Enhanced secretion of IFN-γand IL-12 will inhibit the Tγcells immune responses Ex. Decreasing of IL-6 and IL-10 production.(3) The impairments of cytokines production in TH2 cells suppressed th BAL cells proliferation then more cytokines production Ex.IL-1β,PAF,IL-6,TNF-αand IL-8 in activated BAL cells were decreased. (4)The suppression of TH2cells immune responses will inhibit the growth and differentiation of B cells then IgE production will be decreased. (5)Reduced production of IgE will decreased asthma attack occurring in individuals. However, the results of the present study suggested that C. sinensis may also have acted to treat asthma in part by inhibiting BAL cells proliferation and cytokine gene expression and production. Future, experiments with treatment of animals with asthma with C. sinensis will be necessary to defined whether C. sinensis can reduce asthma injury. Plans are underway for the isolation of pure principal growth inhibitors and their mechanisms of action are subjected for further study.

Reserve Accumulation and Money Supply in China: A Time-Varying Analysis

Chi-Wei Su,Hsu-Ling Chang,Yanping Zhao 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2017 Global economic review Vol.46 No.1

This study investigates the causal relationship between reserve accumulation and money supply in China over the period of 1999 M1–2015 M6. First, we use a Granger causality test and find that there is a unidirectional relationship from money supply growth to reserve accumulation growth; however, taking structural changes into account, we assess stability of parameters of the estimated vector autoregressive models. We find both the short-run and longrun relationships between money supply growth and reserve accumulation growth estimated using full-sample data are unstable over the sample period. This suggests that full-sample causality tests cannot be relied upon. We turn to propose a time-varying (bootstrap) rollingwindow approach to revisit the dynamic causal relationship between the two variables. We find that two variables have causal relationships in some sub-periods. We argue that reserve accumulation growth has put pressure on money supply growth. However, in general, sterilization is effective, but not in few months 2006–2007. And money supply has a positive reserve accumulation from the second half of 2001–2003 because RMB was undervalued under the fixed exchange rate regime. We argue that the improvements of monetary policy and the exchange rate regime are crucial to break the relationship between reserve accumulation growth and the money supply growth.

Unusual Exchange Bias Effects Induced in NiFe/Mn Thin Films via Ion-beam Bombardment: Superlattice vs. Nanocomposite

Chi-Hsin Liu,Chin Shueh,Tien-Chi Lan,Ko-Wei Lin,Wen-Chen Chen,Te-Ho Wu,R. D. Desautels,J. van Lierop 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.12

The interplay between interlayer coupling and exchange bias coupling in [NiFe/Mn] multilayerbasedthin films was investigated by using ion-beam bombardment during deposition to control theconfigurations from superlattice to nanocomposite or hybrid-structured thin films. Results showedthat well-defined interfaces in the superlattice [NiFe/Mn] thin film exhibited an interlayer couplingbehavior. In contrast, an enhanced coercivity was observed in the nanocomposite [NiFe-Mn] thinfilm. However, the hybrid [NiFe-Mn]/[NiFe/Mn] thin film with an intermixed NiFeMn alloyed filmcomponent gave rise to unusual positive exchange bias coupling.

Single-channel Demodulation Algorithm for Non-cooperative PCMA Signals Based on Neural Network

( Chi Wei ),( Hua Peng ),( Junhui Fan ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2019 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.13 No.7

Aiming at the high complexity of traditional single-channel demodulation algorithm for PCMA signals, a new demodulation algorithm based on neural network is proposed to reduce the complexity of demodulation in the system of non-cooperative PCMA communication. The demodulation network is trained in this paper, which combines the preprocessing module and decision module. Firstly, the preprocessing module is used to estimate the initial parameters, and the auxiliary signals are obtained by using the information of frequency offset estimation. Then, the time-frequency characteristic data of auxiliary signals are obtained, which is taken as the input data of the neural network to be trained. Finally, the decision module is used to output the demodulated bit sequence. Compared with traditional single-channel demodulation algorithms, the proposed algorithm does not need to go through all the possible values of transmit symbol pairs, which greatly reduces the complexity of demodulation. The simulation results show that the trained neural network can greatly extract the time-frequency characteristics of PCMA signals. The performance of the proposed algorithm is similar to that of PSP algorithm, but the complexity of demodulation can be greatly reduced through the proposed algorithm.

Epidemiology of tomato begomoviruses in Taiwan

Chi-Wei Tsai,Wen-Shi Tsai 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.10

According to field surveys between 1998 and 2009, four tomatoinfecting begomovirus species detected in Taiwan were Ageratum yellow vein Hualien virus (AYVHuV), Tomato leaf curl Taiwan virus (ToLCTWV), Tomato yellow leaf curl Thailand virus (TYLCTHV), and Tomato leaf curl Hsinchu virus (ToLCHsV). After TYLCTHV first detected in 2005, it quickly replaced ToLCTWV in the tomato fields in Taiwan. In 2009, 8% of the positive samples were infected with ToLCTWV, 51% with TYLCTHV and 41% with mixed infection of both viruses. We performed field surveys again in 2015, 2016, and 2018, and we discovered that all symptomatic tomato plants were infected with ToLCTWV and/or TYLCTHV. Altogether, 59% of the positive samples were infected with ToLCTWV, 33% with TYLCTHV and 8% with mixed infection of both viruses. Surprisingly, the positive samples were more infected with ToLCTWV and less infected with TYLCTHV. To confirm the “revenge” of ToLCTWV in tomato fields, we plan to carry out a more extensive field survey in the upcoming year.

Three P5CS genes including a novel one from Lilium regale play distinct roles in osmotic, drought and salt stress tolerance

Chi Wei,Qi Cui,Xi-Qing Zhang,Yu-Qian Zhao,Gui-Xia Jia 한국식물학회 2016 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.59 No.5

Proline accumulations in abiotically stressed plants is generally considered to benefit their stress tolerance. The Δ1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) gene family, which encodes the rate-limiting enzyme in proline biosynthesis pathway, usually contains two duplicated genes in most plants. However, three P5CS genes including LrP5CS1, LrP5CS2 as well as a third one, LrP5CS3, were isolated from Lilium regale. LrP5CS3 is highly identical to LrP5CS1 in amino acid sequences, indicating they could come from a paralogous duplication. The phylogenetic tree suggested that the duplication of LrP5CS occurred independently after the divergence of Liliales and commelinoids. The expression of LrP5CS1 was strongly induced in leaves and roots both under drought and salinity, while that of LrP5CS3 was upregulated more moderately. LrP5CS2 stayed almost constitutive under stress. LrP5CS1 exhibited the highest activity after expressed in E. coli. Overexpression of LrP5CS genes conferred enhanced osmotic, drought and salt tolerance on transgenic Arabidopsis without negative effects in unstressed condition. Under salt stress, lines LrP5CS2 accumulated fewer proline than others, and lines LrP5CS1 grew better in root elongation. The roots of lines LrP5CS3 grew better than all others under unstressed condition and osmotic stress. Our study suggests that the three LrP5CS genes play distinct roles respectively in proline accumulation and abiotic stress tolerance.

Simultaneous Optimal Design of Parameters and Tolerance of Bearing Locations for High-Speed Machine Tools Using a Genetic Algorithm and Monte Carlo Simulation Method

Chi-Wei Lin 한국정밀공학회 2012 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

In designing a high-speed motorized spindle-bearing system, bearing locations and tolerances must be designed optimally based on the concepts of motorized spindle shaft and bearings, and the number of bearings has been determined. Under certain constraints,a mathematical model of the optimization problem is developed to minimize total costs, which consist of the tolerance cost and expected value of the quality-loss cost. Therefore, we propose an optimization method that integrates the genetic algorithm and Monte Carlo Simulation to search simultaneously for the optimal values of nominal values and tolerance of location of bearings. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, this study investigates a real design example of bearing location for a high-speed motorized spindle-bearing system. Weights-related sensitivity analyses are also performed. The results of sensitivity study confirm that a higher tolerance cost results in a greater optimal tolerance design value that will be required.

Dynamic Models and Design of Spindle-Bearing Systems of Machine Tools: A Review

Chi-Wei Lin,Chih-Hsing Chu,Yang-Kuei Lin 한국정밀공학회 2013 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

Machine tools are vital to modern industries. The performance of a machine tool is assessed according to the dimensional accuracy and surface finish of the machined work-pieces, which are closely related to the dynamic characteristics of the spindle-bearing system. The main purpose of this study is to review relevant studies on dynamic models and the design of spindle-bearing systems of machine tools. These studies related to dynamic models are categorized into two types according to the physical components: spindle shafts and bearings. The dynamic models in each category are comprehensively discussed and coordinated. Guidelines condensed from the sampled papers are provided, followed by an exploration of design-related papers. Finally, a conclusion on the analyzed works is drawn and future lines of research are identified.

Simple Improvements to An ID-Based Authentication and Key Distribution Protocol

Wei-Chi Ku 한국정보과학회 2002 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2002 No.1

Description of a new species of the genus Anochetus Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Orchid Island, Taiwan

Chi-Man Leong,Wei-Huang Tsai,Mamoru Terayama,Shiuh-Feng Shiao,Chung-Chi Lin 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.1

A trap-jaw ant Anochetus lanyuensis sp. nov., belonging to the graeffei species group Brown, 1978, is described onthe basis of worker and gyne castes from Orchid Island (Lanyu), Taiwan. A. lanyuensis sp. nov. is easily distinguishablefrom the other species in the graeffei species group by the large size of its eye, longitudinal striae onthe pronotal disc, and concave dorsal margin of the petiolar node in the frontal view.