시판 청량음료 시음 후의 마뇨산 배설에 관한 실험적 연구

장성훈,김청식,김준식 건국대학교 의과학연구소 1999 건국의과학학술지 Vol.9 No.-

In this study, we measured the urinary excretion of the hippuric acid after ingestion of several kinds of common soft drinks. The urinary hippuric acid has been known as a sensitive and specific biomarker of toluene exposure in workplace. But it has not been known exactly that drinking some kinds of soft drinks can increase urinary hippuric acid significantly even in usual dosage. These phenomena surely can invoke problems in interpretation of urinary hippuric acid at the regular health check up of the workers exposed to toluene. We recruited 140 healthy volunteers(medical school students) and surveyed their diet history, medication, smoking and drinking habit before experiment. The persons who had eaten some kinds of food or drinks which were including benzoic acid were excluded and the rest 122 were divided into 2 groups. The Experimental group(n=88) drank the soft drinks which contained benzoic acid, and the control group(n=34) drank the soft drinks which contained not. We checked the excretion of urinary hippuric acid in 1.5hr and 3hr after ingestion of the drinks in each group. The measurement of urinary hippuric acid was performed by using high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). The results were as follows: 1. The mean age(year) was 23.3±1.4 in experimental group, and 23.5±2.4 in control group; the number of female was 13(14.8%) and 4(11.8%) in each group. 2. The geometric mean of urinary hippuric acid before drinking soft drinks was 0.24, and 0.21g/l in experimental and control group(p=0.426). In 1.5 hour after ingestion of the drinks, the geometric mean increased 1.14g/l in experimental group, and 0.17g/l in control group, which was significantly different after adjusting the urinary hippuric acid before drinking(p<0.01). By addition some other covariates(sex, smoking in amount) in the model, the result was not changed(p<0.01). In 3.0 hour after ingestion, the geometric mean was 0.32 and 0.16g/l in each group, even the difference was much smaller than that of 1.5 hour after drinking, which was statistically different after adjusting the urinary hippuric acid of before drinking(p<0.01), sex and smoking additionally(p<0.01). 3. The mean increasement of urinary hippuric acid after 1.5 hour(Diff 1) after ingestion was 0.83 in experimental group, which was significantly different from that of control group(-0.06, p<0.01). Diff 2(the increasement after 3.0 hour) was also different from each other(p<0.01). 4. We used 7 different kinds of soft drinks in experimental group. The increasement after drinking them was different from 0.57 to 1.05g/l after 1.5 hour, from -0.08 to 0.08g/l after 3.0 hour, but statistically not significant in each other(p=0.146, p=0.849 in sequence). We concluded that the soft drinks which contain benzoic acid could increase the urinary hippuric acid excretion significantly, even over 1.0g/l without toluene exposure. It seems to be needed that check the diet and drink(at least 3.0 hour before collect the urine) history is essential in interpretation of urinary hippuric acid concentration.

교과목 및 프로그램 학습성과 평가의 전략적 접근

김정식(Cheong-Sig Kim) 한국공학교육학회 2007 공학교육연구 Vol.10 No.2

이 연구의 목적은 인증평가 시스템과 공학교육의 개선을 위한 방안을 제시하는 연구이다. 이 목적을 위하여 공학교육의 현 상황을 돌아보고, 대학 현장의 교육환경과 출판물, 연구 논문 등을 분석하였다. 결과적 으로 우리나라의 공학교육 평가 시스템에서 개선점을 제안하는 것이다. 우리나라에서 공학교육인증이 시행된 지 벌써 5년이 지났다. 공학교육인증에 있어서 중요한 요소는 학습성과의 평가이다. 학습성과는 프로그램 학습성과 속에 교과목의 학습성과를 평가하는 것이 필요하다. 프로그램의 질은 학생들이 그 프로그램을 이수하고 나서 어떤 능력이 생겼는가를 판단하는 측정이기 때문이다. 따라서 프로그램의 학습성과를 평가 하기 위해서는 그 프로그램을 구성하고 있는 교과목의 학습성과를 평가할 수 있어야 한다. 이것은 과정중 심의 교과과정 평가이기 보다는 결과중심의 교과과정을 중시하는 공학교육의 특수한 성격에 따라 생긴 용어이다. 프로그램의 평가는 개인별 학생의 평가는 아니지만 프로그램을 구성하는 학생의 능력을 평가하는 것이 타당한 평가가 된다. 이러한 평가 전략은 교육평가의 타당도, 신뢰도, 객관도를 적절히 갖춘 평가도구를 선택하는 새로운 평가 접근법이다. The purpose of this study is to suggest directions to improve engineering education and the assessment system of our country. For this object, the present situation of engineering education and assessment system in Korea have been reviewed and next, for those of study, the research papers and publications about the environment of college education are analyzed. Finally, an improved assessment system is suggested. It has already passed out for 6 years since execute the accreditation for engineering education in our country now, but essential point for step in accreditation for engineering education is how the evaluator can make the outcomes of studying. This is not a new terminology that is deformed according to special quality of college of engineering which prefer out-come based of study than process based of study to mean accomplishment in engineering education. The evaluation that estimate program is a skill, but an assessment method is not the meaning of individual student accomplishment also, it is the measure of validity estimation that should be estimate ability of students who complete program by proper authority. However, a new evaluation strategy that assess student outcome by person who consider the objectivity and validity, reliability should be develop for decision making of ABEEK. It is an original, private discussion for assessment strategy about the method for student learning outcomes assessment.

일본의 기술자 윤리 교육 현황 분석

김정식(Cheong-Sig Kim) 한국공학교육학회 2007 공학교육연구 Vol.10 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 현재 일본에서 공학 윤리, 기술자 윤리로 대변되는 공학 윤리의 원리에 대한 교육의 상황과 실태에 대한 조사연구로서 여러 가지 출판 자료와 관련된 중요 이슈에 대한 상황을 조사하여 나타낸 것이다. 미국 대학의 경우에는 정규 교과 과정으로 공학 윤리, 혹은 기술자 윤리 교육은 1980년대에 등장하여 현재까지 계속되고 있다. 그러나 일본의 경우 최근 JABEE(일본 기술자 인정기구)의 출현과 더불어 공학 윤리, 기술자 윤리에 대한 교육과 연구가 매우 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 현재 공학 윤리, 기술자 윤리 교육의 목적은 공학을 하는 사람이라면 누구나 갖추어야할 기본 소양으 로써 매우 강조하여도 지나치지 않을 만큼 중요한 공학관련 학문의 범주에 들게 되었다. 공학 분야의 윤리교육에 있어서 시작 단계에 있는 우리나라에서는 일본의 기술자 윤리 교육 현황 분석은 좋은 참고가될 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study is to investigate and to display circumstances about importance issues connected with various publication data and engineering ethic principle. It is an investigation study about circumstance and actual conditions of engineering ethics education that is spoken by engineering ethics or engineer ethics on present Japan. Engineering ethics principle, or engineer ethics education is continued until present appearing in the 1980s by formal course of study in the case of American university. But, in the case of Japan, along with appearance of JABEE (Japanese Accreditation Board for engineering education), engineering ethics education for engineer is proceeded very intensively. At present, the purpose of engineering ethics education is heard on important engineering literary category so much so that can emphasize very as basic attitude to prepare everybody if it is a person who is to be an engineer. The present condition and circumstance of Japanese engineering ethics education analysis may become good information in the beginning step on ethics principle education of engineering our country.

공과대학 교과목 및 프로그랩 평가를 위한 Course embedded assessment의 분석과 개선

김정식(Cheong-Sig Kim) 한국교양교육학회 2008 교양교육연구 Vol.2 No.1

The course embedded assessment is realized in Purdue University Calumet It is one of the resonable assessment tool that can be apply for university in Korea actually. This assessment tool is very useful to proof the student personal achievement and program quality improvement. Therefore, it would be possible to supply in domestic university department level and program. Also, it would be know about the assessment techniques or how to assess and system design in program achievement. The purpose of this study is to understand about the various technique for course embedded assessment. And also it is a study about an improvement and analysis of the course embedded assessment that used on present Purdue University Calumet in United States of America.

논문 : 허용된 위험과 일반조항

최청식 ( Choe Cheong Sig ) 서울대학교 법학연구소 1975 서울대학교 法學 Vol.16 No.1

Effect of EGF on In Vitro Oocyte Maturation and Embryo Development and Expression of EGF mRNA in Bovine Oocytes and Embryo 2 : Detection of Epidermal Growth Factor mRNA in bovine Ova during In Vitro Maturation and after Fertilization In Vitro

Kim. Kwang-Sig,Kim Chang-Keun,Chung Yung-Chai,Hwang Seong-Soo,Chang Won-Kyong,Cheong Il-Cheong,Park Jin-Ki,Min Kwan-Sik,Lee Yun-Keun 한국동물번식학회 2001 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.25 No.1s

좌심방이 혈전을 동반한 승모판 협착증 환자에서 풍선판막성형술 : 경구항응고 요법과 경식도 초음파의 역할

정상식(Sang Sig Cheong),박승정(Seung Jung Park),송재관(Jae Kwan Song),홍명기(Myeong Ki Hong),강덕현(Duk Hyun Kang),김재중(Jae Joong Kim),박성욱(Seong Wook Park),이종구(Jong Koo Lee) 대한내과학회 1996 대한내과학회지 Vol.50 No.6

N/A Objectives: The presence of left atrial thrombi is believed to be a contraindication to balloon dilatation in mitral stenosis. The purpose of this study is to determine whether balloon valvuloplasty is possible in mitral stenosis patients with left atrial thrombi after oral anticoagulation therapy and to evaluate the evolution of left atrial thrombi with oral anticoagulation by transesophageal echocardiography. Methods: Prospective oral anticoagulation with warfarin has been started in tight mitral stenosis with left atrial thrombi. Regular follow up has been performed by transesophageal echocardiography to determine whether the left atrial appendage thrombi are resolved. Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty has been performed after resolution of left atrial appendage thrombi with oral anticoagulation. Results: Fourteen patients were included in this study period. Nine patients(64%) had been performed balloon valvuloplasty after average 8month oral anticoagulation. Mitral valve replacement had been performed in 3(21%) patients due to renal embolism, menorrhagia and no change of left atrial appendage thrombi. There are two cases in decreasing thrombi size with oral anticoagulation, Conculsion: Left atrial appendage thrombi in mitral stenosis could be resolved in a high proportion after oral anticoagulation treatment, which has been followed by transesophageal echocardiography. Percutaneous mitral halloon valvuloplasty could be safe and effective treatment modality despite of the presence of left atrial appendge thrombi after oral anticoagulation therapy.

Effect of EGF on In Vitro Oocyte Maturation and Embryo Development and Expression of EGF mRNA in Bovine Oocytes and Embryo 11. Detection of Epidermal Growth Factor mRNA in bovine Ova during In Vitro Maturation and after Fertilization In Vitro

Kim. Kwang-Sig,Kim Chang-Keun,Chung Yung-Chai,Hwang Seong-Soo,Chang Won-Kyong,Cheong Il-Cheong,Park Jin-Ki,Min Kwan-Sik,Lee Yun-Keun 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2001 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.25 No.1

Optical Resolution of Hexanol Derivatives, Synthesis of Optically Active Systhane from Them and Its Biological Activity

Dai Sig Im,Chan Seong Cheong,So Ha Lee 한국응용생명화학회 2003 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.46 No.3

냉간 가공용 인산염 피막처리의 저온화에 관한 연구

이만식(Man Sig Lee),정충택(Chung-Taeg Cheong),이광호(Gwang-Ho Lee),김준호(Jun-Ho kim),이근대(Gun-Dae Lee),홍성수(Seong-Soo Hong) 한국표면공학회 2002 한국표면공학회지 Vol.36 No.1

Zinc phosphating for cold forming of steel was studied with emphasis on decreasing phosphating temperature. To lower phosphating temperature, some techniques, such as adding Cu ion into bath, using activator in the form of pre-dip, and aeration in bath, instead of using conventional accelerator, namely oxidizing agent, have been tried. It was revealed that phosphating, leading to coatings of improved uniformity and fine crystal size, can be carried out using above techniques at lower temperature (55℃) compared to conventional phosphating temperature (80~90℃). Under present condition, it was seen that optimum concentrations of Cu ion in phosphating bath and activator in pre-dip are 0.015% (w/w) and 2.0 g/l, respectively. The coating weight was within the range of 15~20 g/㎡. When lubricant was applied into phosphating coatings, the amount of lubricating component (total soap) was found to be 6~10 g/㎡ and the lubricated panel revealed excellent lubricating properties.