消積白朮散의 癌 轉移 抑制와 T 및 B 임파구의 증식에 미치는 영향

Jung, Chel-Jong,Son, Chang-Kyu,Cho, Chong-Kwan 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1

Chel-Jong Jung, Chang-Kyu Son, Chong-Kwan Cho. Department of Oriental Internal Medicine, Oriental Medical Hospital, Taejon University, Taejon, Korea. Studies on the effects of sojekbaekchoolsan on immune response & metstasis of B16-Fo melanoma cells. Proceedings of International Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 117-127, 1999.-This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Sojeokbaekchoolsan on immune response and metastasis of B16-Fo melanoma cells. The result were summarized as follows:1. Metastasisi of B16-Fo melanoma cell in C57BL/6 mice were decreased in the Sojeokbaekchoolsan treated group as compared with the control group. 2 Blastic response of lymphocyte to Con A were increased in the Sojeokbaekchoolsan teated group as compared with the control group. 3. Blastic response of lymphocyte to LPS were increased in the Sojeokbaekchoolsan treated group as compared with the control group. 4 Blastic response of lymphocyte to PWM were increased in the Sojeokbaekchoolasn treated group as compared with the control groupl From the above results, It is suggested that Sojeokbaekchoolsan enhanced as well cellula-mediated and humoral immune response as sojeokbaekchoolsan supressed the metastasis of tumor cells as compared with the control group.

선군정치 하(下)군 엘리트(Elite) “파워(Power)” 고찰

이종철 ( Jong Chel Lee ) 서강대학교 동아연구소 2011 東亞 硏究 Vol.30 No.1

North Korea promotes the military-first politics, called Songun Politics, as its national management system. Last 2009 April, North Korea presented the form that North Korean Songun Politics was strengthened more through amendments to the constitution. Since the mid-1990s, North Korea has opened and practised Songun Politics. During the military-first politics, what kind of change has been there to power of military elite? This paper checked that while Kim Jong-il has performed the military-first politics, what influence has been exerted on the change of the military elite`s phase. And through that work, this paper examined whether the power of the military elite has been strengthened actually.

정중구개봉합부의 해부학적 구조에 관한 전산화 단층촬영을 이용한 연구

박영철,이종석,김두형 대한치과교정학회 2005 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.35 No.1

교정용 임플란트 사용에 있어서 정중구개봉합부위의 골조직의 높이에 대한 구체적인 해부학적 자료가 없어서 임상에 적용시 이론적 근거가 부족한 것이 사실이었다. 이에 본 연구는 전산화단층촬영과 재구성 프로그램인 V works 4.0 (Cybermed Inc, Seoul. Korea)을 이용하여 임플란트 식립을 위한 해부학적 근거를 얻고자 하였다. 성인 남자 14명. 성인 여자 14명의 보철용 임플란트를 위한 CT 자료를 통해 정중 시상면에서 상악골의 길이를 계측하고 정중구개봉합 부위에서 골조직 두께를 측정하며 교정용 임플란트를 안전하게 식립할 수 있는 구체적 부위를 설정하고자 하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. ANS에서 PNS까지의 상악골의 길이를 계측한 결과 남자에서는 평균 51.08 mm, 여자에서는 평균 47.34 mm 였다. 남녀 사이에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다 (p<0.05). 정중구개봉합부위의 골조직 두께를 측정한 결과 남자의 ANS-PNS길이의 중점에서 구개평면을 따라 PNS쪽으로 15 mm지점을 제외하고는 남녀 모두에서 6 mm이상의 골조직이 존재하였다. 정중구개봉합부위에 교정용 임플란트를 적용할 때 안정적인 식립부위는 구개평면을 따라서 ANS로부터 남자는 19.43 mm 후방부위. 여자는 17.62mm 후방부위에 해당하였다. 이상의 결과로 정중구개봉합부위의 안정적인 식립부위에서는 교정용 임플란트 식립이 적합하다고 판단되며 이를 바탕으로 정중구개봉합부위의 교정용 임플란트를 활용하여 교정치료 영역을 넓힐 수 있을 것이다. There is lack of data for the amount of vertical bone in the midpalatal region for miniscrew implantation. The purpose of this study was to measure the structure of the midpalatal suture area using CT image and V-works 4.0 program (Cybermed Inc, Seoul, Korea). CT images of 14 male and 14 female adults were reconstructed. In detail, it was 1) to measure the length of maxilla on the midsagittal plane 2) to measure vertical bone height in the midpalatal area 3) to establish the zone of safety for miniscrew implantation. The following results were obtained, The mean length of ANS-PNS was 51.08 mm in males and 47.34 mm in females. There was a statistically significant difference between males and females (p < 0.05). The vertical bone height of the midpalatal suture area was above 6mm except for 15 mm posterior from the central point of ANS-PNS in males. The zone of safety was located 19.43 mm posterior from the ANS in males while it was 17.62 mm in females along the palatal plane. These results support that the safety zone of the midpalatal area is suitable for screw implantation. Midpalatal miniscrew implantation is a powerful tool in modern orthodontics. Through many applications, it can expand the modern orthodontic field.

여행사의 서비스 품질 모형 설정에 관한 연구

이종화,한정문 全州大學校 大學院 1996 全州大 論叢 Vol.7 No.-

This study was aimed at establishing an evaluation model for service qualities of travel agencies based on the preceding studies. To this end, the concept and various evaluation models for general service quality were reviewed. Thereupon, considering the reality tht there exists no generalized view of the service quality of travel agency, it was attempted that a conceptual model would be established by extracting the evaluation factors for the service quality of travel agencies based on the preceding studies. The evaluation factors extracted were ① physical environment, ② species of package bur, ③ attitude of service, ④ contents of service, ⑤ capacity and ⑥ image. The attitude of service means that of the personnels who contact directly customers. Thus, most of the services offered by any travel agency belong to this category of human services. In this context, customers' impression with these human services may determine much of the service quality of travel agency. In this regard, the approaches to the management of travel business should be centered around human beings. In all the service quality of any travel agency is determined by the defference between customers' expectation of travel package or service and their actual after perceptation will be affected by individual customer's desire, past experience, other customer's imformation of traditional marketing activities, while the after-perception will be affected by various human, physical and technological factors. It is believed that the model established in this study would function as basic framework for a systematic understanding of various concepts concerning the service quality of travel agency as well as for evaluating / managing the service quality. However, this study may be limited in that the evaluation factors extracted from the preceding studies are not verified in emperical terms and thereby the model based on these factors may not be reliable. In this contect, it is hoped that further studies would be conducted to verify these evaluation factors of the service quality.

결핵치료제인 시판 리팜피신제제의 생체내 이용율

김종두,안기완,서영환,조경상,김철,김상도,홍순표 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1992 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.17 No.1

This study was attempted to investigate the dissolution rate and the bioavailability of commercially available rifampicin preparations after oral administration in nine normal volunteers. Cross-over design was used for the analysis. The dissolution test was conducted in artificial gastric juice and artificial intestinal juice using basket method with four rifampicin preparations (A, B, C, and D) which were pharmaceutically equivalent. The results were as follows; The dissolution rate was higher in the order of A>C>B>D in artificial gastric juice, and A>B>C>D in artificial intestinal juice. Area under the blood concentration time curve (AUC) was larger in order of A>C>B>D. Relative bioavailability(%) of rifampicin preparations were 93.6% for B, 97% for C, 84.4% for D preparation compared with standard A preparation. Peak blood concentration (Cmax) was higer in order of A>B>C>D. Peak time (Tmax) was larger in order of D>C>A>B. Absorption rate constant (Ka) was larger in order of B>A>D>C. there was little difference in elimination rate constant and biological half-life. The correlation of the dissolution rate in artificial gastric juice and area under the blood concentration time curve as well as correlation of the dissolution rate in artifical intestinal juice and peak time showed significant linear relationship. From the result of the this experiments, it can be concluded that for the choice of preparations, bioavailability must be performed in man because the bioavailability of rifampicin preparations showed big differences among commercial preparations which were abvertised as pharmaceutically equivalent, and that the bioavailability of rifampicin preparations in man partially could be predicted from the results of dissolution rate.

폐쇄성 수면 무호흡증 환자에 있어서 하악 재위치 장치 장착과 체위에 따른 상기도 구조와 근활성도의 변화에 관한 EMG 및 두부방사선학적 연구

박영철,배응권,이정권,이종석,김태관 대한치과교정학회 1998 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.28 No.4

폐쇄성 수면 무호흡증(obstructive sleep apnea, 이하 OSA로 표시)은 수면 도중 계속 반복 되어 일어나는 상기도 폐쇄로 인하여 무호흡증을 나타내는 장애(disorder)이다. 근래의 연구에 의하면 상기도 구조의 해부학적 요인뿐 아니라 생리적 요인도 무호흡 발생에 기여한다고 하였으며 또한 이설근이 상기도 유지에 중요한 역할을 한다고 하였다. OSA의 치료를 위해 다양한 술식이 시행되었으며 하악 재위치 장치를 통한 치료 역시 양호한 결과를 나타낸다고 하였다. 그러나 하악 재위치 장치 장착에 따른 구조적 생리적 작용기전에 대한 연구는 미비한 상태이다. 이에 본 저자는 연세대학교 치과대학병원 교정과에 내원한 OSA 환자 26명(남 17명, 여 9명)과 일반 정상 성인 20명(남 10명 여 10명)을 대상으로 앙와위에서 장치 장착 전후의 두부방사선사진을 채득하여 장치에 따른 상기도의 구조 변화를 연구하고 두군 사이의 장치 장착에 따른 효과를 비교하였으며, 또한 OSA 환자 14명(남자 10명 여 4명)을 대상으로 체위 변화와 장치장착에 따른 이설근 근전도 변화를 연구하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 상기도 구조에 대한 두부계측학적 측정치 중 연구개의 길이, 연구개 최대 두께와 SPAS, MAS, VAL, H-H1. MP-H에서 정상군과 OSA군 사이의 통계적 유의차를 보였으며, IAS와 EAS는 두 군간에 통계적 유의차를 보이지 않았다. 2. 정상군과 OSA군 모두에서 장치 장착에 따라 후두개가 전방 이동하면서 후두개 수준(epiglottis level)의 기도 폭경은 증가하였고 연구개의 최대 두께가 변하였으며 설골은 전방 이동하였으나 두 군 모두 IAS에서는 다양한 반응을 나타내었다. 장치 장착에 따른 상기도 구조에 대한 효과는 두 군 사이에 서로 차이을 나타내었다. 3. 체위 변화에 따라 앙와위에서 이설근 근전도가 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으나 통계적 유의차는 없었으며, 직립위와 앙와위 모두에서 하악 재위치 장치 장착시에 통계적으로 유의하게 이설근 근전도가 증가하였다. 하악 재위치 장치는 상기도의 해부학적 구조뿐 아니라 상기도 영향을 미치는 것으로 생각되며 장치에 대한 반응은 정상군과 OSA군 사이에 차이를 나타내었고, 두 군은 상기도 생리에 있어서도 서로 다르다고 사료된다. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)is a disorder characterized by repetitive episode of upper airway collapse during sleep. Recent studies showed that not only the anatomic factors but the physiologic factors of the upper airway also have effects on the occurrence of apnea and that the genioglossus muscle also plays in important role in the maintenance of the upper airway. A variety of therapies were performed to treat OSA, and among them the use of mandibular repositioning appliances showed reasonable results. But there is still a lack of research on the structural and physiological mechanism upon the use of mandibular repositioning appliances. The author selected 26(male 17, female 9) OSA patients that came to the Yonsei University Dental Hospital, Department of Orthodontics, and 20 normal adults (male 10, female 10) and took cephalometric radiographs of them in a supine position before and after the palcement of the mandibular repositioning appliance to see the structural changes of the upper airway and compare the therapeutic effects between the two groups. We also studied the waking genioglossus muscle activity in OSA patients and investigated the difference in the electromyogram of the genioglosssus muscle upon the change in body posture and the use of mandibular repositioning appliance. Following results were obtained. 1. Among the cephalometric measurements of the upper airway structure, the length of the soft palate, maximum thickness of the soft palate and SPAS, MAS, VAL, H-HI, MP-H showed statistically significant differences between the normal and OSA groups, but the IAS and EAS showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups. 2. In both the normal and OSA groups, as the epiglottis moved forward on wearing the mandibular repositioning appliance, the epiglottis level of the upper airway increased and the maximum thickness of the soft palate changed and the hyoid bone also moved forward, but the IAS in both groups showed various results and the effect of the mandibular repositioning appliance on the structure of the upper airway was different in the two groups. 3. Upon changing the position, the electromyogram of the genioglossus muscle showed a increasing tendency but there was no statistically significant differences, and when the mandibular repositioning appliance were worn there was a statistically significant increase in the electromyogram of the genioglossus muscle in both the upright and supine positions. The mandibular repositioning appliances not only have an effect on the anatomical structure of the upper airway but also on the physiology of the upper airway. There are different responses to the use of mandibular repositioning appliance between the normal and OSA groups therefore it could be considered to have the different physiology of the upper airway between the two groups.

건설공사의 재시공 현황에 대한 원인분석 및 개선안에 관한 연구 : 공동주택의 공조공사를 중심으로 한 조사 및 사례연구

이기한,유철종,김용수 중앙대학교 건설환경연구소 2000 環境科學硏究 Vol.11 No.2

This study aims to provide some efficient and effective ways to prevent reconstruction. For this study, the analysis on the current situation and various causes of reconstruction has been performed by using questionnaire survey and case studies from construction sites. The results of this study are as follows: 1.Causes of reconstruction occurrence through case studies show construction inability including technician' idleness(42.2%), misunderstanding of specification(26.7%) and imperfect specification(15.6%). 2.Influence of reconstruction on construction productivity is analysed as the following; increase of 3.8% in construction duration, increase of 5.7% in construction cost, and decrease of 4.4% in construction quality. 3.In order to prevent reconstruction, it is required to file and analyse reconstruction data, systemize construction management, train construction worders with systematic work procedural manual, and check design documents precisely. 4.Also it is necessary to develop new construction technology such as simplification, mechanization, dry-construction of work process.

Experimental study on condensation heat transfer characteristics of special heat transfer tubes

한규일,박종운,권영철,조동현 대한설비공학회 2001 설비공학 논문집 Vol.13 No.9

In this study, condensation heat transfer characteristics were conducted with special heat transfer tubes of SH-C type. Experiments were carried out the saturated vapor temperature of 334K and the wall subcooling of 1.5-4.5K. The refrigerant was R-113 and the enhanced tubes used in the present study were SH-CDR, SH-CYR and SH-CHR. The experimental results showed that the condensation heat transfer coefficients of SH-C type tubes were about 23-66% higher than those of a low integral-fin tube. It was visualized that the condensed liquid on the outer surface of SH-C type tubes flowed continuously down unlike a low integral-fin tube and a plain tube, due to a 3-D extending fin on the outer surface of SH-C type tubes. As a result, the thermal resistance of the condensed liquid decreased and the heat transfer coefficient increased. Also, the enhancement ratio of SH-CDR tube was the highest, and it was about 9-11 times as compared to that of a plain tube.

무리말뚝의 水平力 荷重分擔 特性

金泰鏞,崔震宇,盧基喆,裵鍾淳 慶尙大學校生産技術硏究所 1999 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.15 No.-

Most of pile foundations which are carried out in the construction sites are used to transfer vertical load such as self weight to lower ground. But the piles which are used at abutment, open type wharf and slope are loaded not only vertical load but also lateral load such as earth pressure or wind pressure. Usually pile foundations are carried out in the form of group pile foundations. So in this paper, authors are going to deal with the behavior of laterally loaded group piles. With model piles, authors did some experiments by changing the relative density and the pile-space of pile-embedded-ground. According to the result of the experiments, authors have got characteristics of loadshare at each row in group piles. The results are as follows : 1. The Lateral load capacity for the initial horizontal displacement increases linearly and as the displacement is increasing, the behavior becomes parabolic. 2. The front row of piles is the highest in lateral load capacity, and the middle row of piles follow the front row. The tail row of piles is increasing, the loadshare-ratio of each row is accessing to the average loadshare-ratio. 3. As the space between piles is increasing, the loadshare-ratio of each row is accessing to the average loadshare-ratio. 4. In proportion to the increase of relative density, the lateral load of each row increases but the loadshare-ratio is not changed, despite the change of the relative density.

음향방출기법을 이용한 모르터와 콘크리트 보의 균열의 평가와 검출

진치섭,신동익,장종철 부산대학교 생산기술연구소 2000 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.59 No.-

내하력 평가를 중심으로 한 종래의 안전성 평가방법은 국부적인 결함의 탐지를 외관조사에 의존하기 때문에 내부균열의 발견 및 발달 양상의 파악에 문제점이 있다. 따라서 종래의 안전진단방식의 단점과 한계성을 보완할 수 있는 합리적인 비파괴검사법의 도입이 필요하다. 고체 내부의 미세균열 발생시 발생하는 탄성파 방출을 이용한 음향방출기법은 내부의 미시적 변형이나 파괴거동 규명에 뛰어난 특성을 가지고 있으며, 광범위한 부분에 대해 외관 조사시 드러나지 않는 재료내부 결함을 검출할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 3점 휨 하중을 받는 모르터와 콘크리트 부재의 하중 단계별 미시적 파괴 특성을 음향방출 변수와 비교 · 분석하여, 재료내부의 미세균열이 외형상 거시 균열로 진행되기 전의 균열 전파거동과 파괴징후를 비파괴적으로 알아보았다. Concrete structures generally have clacks, so for the safety and durability of structures, studies to detect cracks using nondestructive tests have been treated in great deal. In order to assure the reliability of concrete structure, microscopic fracture behavior and internal damage progress of concrete under the loading should be fully understood. The purpose of this study predicts location of initial crack and measures direction of crack propagation for on-line monitoring before the crack really grows in structures by using two-dimensional Acoustic Emission(AE) source location based on rectangular method with three-point bending test. This will allow efficient maintenance of concrete structure through monitoring of internal cracking based on AE method