A systems toxicology approach reveals the Wnt-MAPK crosstalk pathway mediated reproductive failure in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> exposed to graphene oxide (GO) but not to reduced graphene oxide (rGO)

Chatterjee, Nivedita,Kim, Youngho,Yang, Jisu,Roca, Carlos P.,Joo, Sang-Woo,Choi, Jinhee Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2017 Nanotoxicology Vol.11 No.1

<P>The potential hazards of graphene nanomaterials were investigated by exposing the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The underlying mechanisms of the nano-bio interaction were addressed with an integrated systems toxicology approach using global transcriptomics, network-based pathway analysis, and experimental validation of the in-silico-derived hypotheses. Graphene oxide was found to reduce the worms' reproductive health to a greater degree than rGO, but it did not affect survival (24h endpoint). Comparative analysis of GO vs. rGO effects found that the wingless-type MMTV integration site family (Wnt) pathway and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway were evoked in GO- but not in rGO-exposed worms. We therefore hypothesized that crosstalk between the Wnt and MAPK pathways is responsible for C. elegans' reproductive sensitivity to GO exposure. By targeting the individual components of the Wnt-MAPK crosstalk pathway (with qPCR gene expression and mutant reproduction analysis), we found a signaling cascade of MOM-2 -> MOM-5 -> MOM-4 -> LIT-1 -> POP-1 -> EGL-5. Specifically, the activation of POP-1 (the TCF protein homolog) and subsequent repression of the Wnt/beta-catenin target gene (EGL-5), analyzed with target-gene-specific RNAi in POP-1 mutant [pop-1(q645)] worms, were the central mechanisms of reduced reproductive potential in the worms exposed to GO. Our results highlight the distinct biological and molecular mechanisms of GO and rGO exposure and the role of Wnt-MAPK pathway crosstalk in regulating GO-induced reproductive failure in in vivo systems, and they will contribute to the development of efficient and innocuous graphene applications as well to improvements in mechanism-based risk assessment.</P>

AMATURE ASTRONOMY AND ASTRONOMY EDUCATION IN INDIA

CHATTERJEE, SOMENATH The Korean Astronomical Society 2015 天文學論叢 Vol.30 No.2

In India, astronomy has been studied from the beginning of civilization. The word amateur means involvement in work for pleasure rather than as a profesion. So, amateur astronomers, in many places, prefer to be called non-professional astronomers. In India, the history of amateur astronomy is quite bright. From the Puranic age astronomy was studied for peoples' daily life. In Ramayana, Mahabharata, there is a lot of evidence of astronomical knowledge. Veda is the main source for studying the history of Indian astronomy. Today astronomy education, consciousness of astronomy education, sky observation, etc. are dependent on non-professional astronomers. Vigyan Prasar, an Indian Govt. organization, is trying to popularize astronomy throughout the country.

Selective Fluorogenic and Chromogenic Probe for Detection of Silver Ions and Silver Nanoparticles in Aqueous Media

Chatterjee, Amrita,Santra, Mithun,Won, Nayoun,Kim, Sungjee,Kim, Jae Kyung,Kim, Seung Bin,Ahn, Kyo Han American Chemical Society 2009 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.131 No.6

<P>A novel rhodamine-based fluorogenic and chromogenic probe for Ag(+) ions in aqueous media is developed, which can be also used for the detection of AgNPs. The sensing mechanism is based on irreversible tandem ring-opening and -forming processes promoted by Ag(+)-coordination to the iodide of the probe, which is accompanied by both color and turn-on type fluorescence changes. The probe shows remarkably high selectivity over other metal ions and detects silver ions up to 14 ppb.</P>

Searching for boosted dark matter at ProtoDUNE

Chatterjee, Animesh,De Roeck, Albert,Kim, Doojin,Moghaddam, Zahra Gh.,Park, Jong-Chul,Shin, Seodong,Whitehead, Leigh H.,Yu, Jaehoon American Physical Society 2018 Physical Review D Vol.98 No.7

Global metabolomics approach in <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models reveals hepatic glutathione depletion induced by amorphous silica nanoparticles

Chatterjee, Nivedita,Jeong, Jaeseong,Yoon, Dahye,Kim, Suhkmann,Choi, Jinhee Elsevier 2018 Chemico-biological interactions Vol.293 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The present study aimed to investigate the mechanisms involved in amorphous silica nanoparticles (aSiNPs)-mediated hepatotoxicity through the evaluation of changes in global metabolomics in <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> systems. <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR-based non-targeted global metabolomics and biochemical approaches were conducted in an aSiNPs-treated human hepatoma cell line (HepG2) and in ICR mice liver. The non-targeted NMR-based metabolomic analysis, followed by pathway analysis, revealed the perturbation of glutathione metabolism and the depletion of the glutathione pool after aSiNPs treatment in both <I>in vitro</I> (HepG2 cells) and <I>in vivo</I> systems. The total glutathione level, glutathione-S-transferase enzyme activity, and antioxidant gene expression strongly corroborated the metabolomic analysis results. The <I>in vitro</I> results were further supported by the <I>in vivo</I> data, specifically for metabolites profiling (Pearson Correlation coefficient is 0.462 (p = 0.026)). Furthermore, the depletion of glutathione, the formation of NADPH oxidase-mediated reactive oxygen species, and oxidative stress were evident in aSiNPs-treated HepG2 cells. Overall, the suppression of glutathione metabolism and oxidative stress are among the principal causes of aSiNPs-mediated hepatotoxicity.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Amorphous Silica nanoparticles (aSiNPs) exposure to HepG2 cells and ICR mice liver. </LI> <LI> Global metabolomics (NMR based) and biochemical assays reveal glutathione depletion. </LI> <LI> NADPH oxidase dependent ROS formation in aSiNPs exposed HepG2 cells. </LI> <LI> Alteration in antioxidative gene expression and GST enzyme activity. </LI> <LI> Conserved mechanisms of aSiNPs toxicity between <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> models. </LI> </UL> </P>

Enhanced mechanical strength of chitosan hydrogel beads by impregnation with carbon nanotubes

Chatterjee, S.,Lee, M.W.,Woo, S.H. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2009 Carbon Vol.47 No.12

Chitosan (CS) hydrogel beads were impregnated with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and their mechanical strength, acid stability and adsorption capacity to the anionic dye, Congo red (CR), were investigated by comparing with a conventional reinforcing method of cross-linking with epichlorohydrin (ECH). CS/CNT hydrogel beads were manufactured by dispersing CNTs (0.01wt.%) with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) (0.05wt.%) into CS solution (1wt.%). Maximum endurable force at complete breakdown of CS hydrogel beads increased from 1.87 to 7.62N with incorporation of CNTs and its adsorption capacity increased from 178.32 to 423.34mgg<SUP>-1</SUP> for adsorption of CR.

AN IMPROVED ADDITIVE MODEL FOR RELIABILITY ANALYSIS OF SOFTWARE WITH MODULAR STRUCTURE

Chatterjee, S.,Nigam, S.,Singh, J.B.,Upadhyaya, L.N. The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2012 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.30 No.3

Most of the software reliability models are based on black box approach and these models consider the entire software system as a single unit. Present day software development process has changed a lot. In present scenario these models may not give better results. To overcome this problem an improved additive model has been proposed in this paper, to estimate the reliability of software with modular structure. Also the concept of imperfect debugging has been also considered. A maximum likelihood estimation technique has been used for estimating the model parameters. Comparison has been made with an existing model. ${\chi}^2$ goodness of fit has been used for model fitting. The proposed model has been validated using real data.

Cancer Registration in India - Current Scenario and Future Perspectives

Chatterjee, Sharmila,Chattopadhyay, Amit,Senapati, Surendra Nath,Samanta, Dipti Rani,Elliott, Leslie,Loomis, Dana,Mery, Lesly,Panigrahi, Pinaki Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.8

Cancer registration, an important component of cancer surveillance, is essential to a unified, scientific and public health approach to cancer prevention and control. India has one of the highest cancer incidence and mortality rates in the world. A good surveillance system in the form of cancer registries is important for planning and evaluating cancer-control activities. Cancer registration in India was initiated in 1964 and expanded since 1982, through initiation of the National Cancer Registry Program (NCRP) by the Indian Council of Medical Research. NCRP currently has twenty-six population based registries and seven hospital based registries. Yet, Indian cancer registries, mostly in urban areas, cover less than 15% of the population. Other potential concerns about some Indian registries include accuracy and detail of information on cancer diagnosis, and timeliness in updating the registry databases. It is also important that necessary data collection related quality assurance measures be undertaken rigorously by the registries to ensure reliable and valid information availability. This paper reviews the current status of cancer registration in India and discusses some of the important pitfalls and issues related to cancer registration. Cancer registration in India should be complemented with a nationwide effort to foster systematic investigations of cancer patterns and trends by states, regions and sub populations and allow a continuous cycle of measurement, communication and action.

Lessons from the Economic Crisis : Case Study of Indonesia

Chatterjee, Shiladitya 경희대학교 아태지역연구원 1999 아태연구 Vol.6 No.1

Controlled Fluoroalkylation Reactions by Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis

Chatterjee, Tanmay,Iqbal, Naeem,You, Youngmin,Cho, Eun Jin American Chemical Society 2016 Accounts of chemical research Vol. No.

<P>Owing to their unique biological, iihysical, and chemical properties, fluoroalkylated organic substances have attracted significant attention from researchers in a variety of disciplines. Fluoroalkylated compounds are considered particularly important in pharmaceutical chemistry because of their superior lipophilicity, binding selectivity, metabolic stability, and bioavailability to those of their nonfluoroalkylated analogues. We have developed various methods for the synthesis of fluoroalkylated substances that rely on the use of visible-light photoredox catalysis, a powerful preparative tool owing to, its environmental benignity and mechanistic versatility in promoting a large number of synthetically important reactions with high levels of selectivity. In this Account, we describe the results of our efforts, which have led to the development of visible-light photocatalytic methods for the introduction of a variety of fluoroalkyl groups (such as, CF3, CF2R, CH2CF3, C3F7, and C4F9) and arylthiofluoroalkyl groups (such as, CF2SPh, C2F4SAr, and C4F8SAr) to organic substances. In these studies, electron deficient carbon-centered fluoroalkyl radicals were successfully generated by the appropriate choice of fluoroalkyl source, photocatalyst, additives, and solvent. The redox potentials of the photocatalysts and the fluoroalkyl sources and the choice of sacrificial electron donor or acceptor as the additive affected the photocatalytic pathway, determining whether an oxidative or reductive quenching pathway was operative for the generation of key fluoroalkyl radicals. Notably, we have observed that additives significantly affect the efficiencies and selectivities of these reactions and can even change the outcome of the reaction by playing additional roles during its course. For instance, a tertiary amine as an additive in the reaction medium can act not only as a sacrificial electron donor in.photoredox catalysis but also as a hydrogen atom source, an elimination base for dehydrohalogenation of the intermediate, and also a Bronsted base for deprotonation. In the same context, the selection of solvent is also critical since it affects the rate and selectivity of reactions depending upon its polarity and reagent solubilizing ability and plays additional roles in the process, for example, as a hydrogen atom source. By clearly understanding the roles of additives and solvent, we designed several controlled fluoroalkylation reactions where different products were formed selectively from the same starting substrates. In addition, we could exploit one of the most important advantages of radical reactions, that is, the use of unactivated Jr-systems such as alkenes, alkynes, arenes, and heteroarenes as radical acceptors without prefunctionalization. Furthermore, fluoroalkylation processes under mild room temperature reaction conditions tolerate various functional groups and are therefore easily applicable to late-stage modifications of highly functionalized advanced intermediates.</P>