옥탈리시스를 통해 메타버스 환경을 위한 참여형 브랜디드 연구 -글로벌 브랜드 중심으로-

웨이위한 ( Wei Yuhan ),이창욱 ( Lee Chang-wook ) 커뮤니케이션디자인학회 2022 커뮤니케이션 디자인학연구 Vol.78 No.-

코로나19 전파로 인해 기존의 오프라인 세상이 온라인 세상으로 빠르게 전환하고 있는 가운데 온라인 수업, 재택근무가 일상화되었으며 온라인을 통해 비대면으로 하고 있는 것이 점차 일상화되고 있다. 이런 변화를 타고 가상현실로 확장을 도모하는 메타보스에 대한 관심 또한 높아지고 있다. 또한 이런 사회 변화속에 브랜들과 기업들이 온라인 환경과 메타버스로 몰리고 있었다. 그리고 예전에 비해 기업들이나 브랜드들은 더 쉽게 자신들의 제품과 서비스를 그들에게 선보일 수 있는 것이다. 일반적인 단방향 소통방식대신 쌍방향의 참여형 브랜디드 방식을 적용하고 브랜디브하고 있었다. 본 연구에서 게이미피케이션이 흥미 유발하고 참여 유도 위주 글로벌 브랜드들이 메타버스 환경에서 게이미피케이션을 활용한 사례를 분석하여, 게임기법을 적용한 기업 및 브랜드가 온라인 및 모바일 콘텐츠 기획시 브랜드와 소비자 간 지속적인 상호작용과 자발적 참여를 이끌어내는 브랜디드 게이미피케이션 활용 방안을 제언하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 분석을 통해서 과거의 일반식 브랜디드 방식보다 현재 참여형 브랜디드는 어떻게 상대방과 소통하는지, 어떻게 참여하게 유도를 하는지 더 중요해지는 것으로 제시하였고, 참여형 브랜디드의 특징과 게이미피케이션 적용내용,그리고 주의해야 할점에 대해서 제시하고 앞으로 이런 디자인분야에 대해서 영감을 주고자 한다. While the existing offline world is rapidly shifting to the online world due to the spread of COVID-19, online classes and telecommuting have become commonplace, and non-face-to-face online is becoming increasingly commonplace. Interest in Metaboss, which seeks to expand into virtual reality through these changes, is also increasing. In addition, brands and companies are flocking to Metabus amid these social changes. Companies and brands can more easily introduce their products and services to them. Instead of a general one-way communication method, a two-way participatory brandy method was applied and branded. The purpose of this study is to analyze cases in which gamification induces interest and participation-oriented global brands use gamification in a metabus environment, suggesting ways to utilize branded gamification that attracts continuous interaction and voluntary participation between brands and consumers when planning online and brands. Through the analysis, it was suggested that the current participatory brandy becomes more important how to communicate with the other party and induce participation, and to present the characteristics of the participatory brandy, application of gamification, and to inspire these design fields in the future.

Blocking of Cell Proliferation, Cytokines Production and Genes Expression Following Administration of Cordyceps Sinensis in the Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids Cells

Kuo, Yuh-Chi,Wu, Chia-Lin,Tasi, Wei-Jern,Wang, Jir-Yenn,Chang, Shi-Chung,Lin, Ching-Yuang,Shiao, Ming-Shi 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1

Yuh-Chi Kuo¹,Chia-Lin Wn¹,Wei-jern Tasi¹,Jir-Yenn Wang²,Shi-Chung Chang₃,Ching-Yung Lin⁴,and Ming-Shi Shiao⁴¹National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, ²Department of Biology,Fu Jen University, ³Department of Chest, ⁴Department of Pediatrics, □De[art,amt of Medical Research and Education. Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Yuh-Chi Kuo¹,Chia-Lin Wn¹,Wei-jern Tasi¹,Jir-Yenn Wang²,Shi-Chung Chang²,Ching-Yung Lin³,and Ming-Shi Shiao⁴.¹National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, ²Department of Biology,Fu Jen University, ³Department of Chest, ⁴Department of Pediatrics, □De[art,amt of Medical Research and Education. Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Blocking of Cell Proliferation, Cytokines Production and Genes Expression Following Administration of Cordyceps sinensis in the Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids Cells. Proceedings of international Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 44-64, 1999.-Cordyceps sinensis is a major parasitic fungus on larva of Lepidoptera. It is one of the well know fungi used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment asthma, lung and kideney diseases. Many fungi belonging to the genus Cordyceps have been demonstrated to produce natural products with various biological activities. Reported biological activities of genus cordyceps include:(a)inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis;(b)enhancement of cell differentiation;(c)restruction of cytoskeleton;(d)inhibition of protein kinase activity;(e)antitumor activity on bladder, colon, lung carcinoma as well as fibroblastoma;(f)inhibition of the infection and revers transciptase activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1; and(g) inhibition of methylation of nucleic acid. Thus, it is suggested that the extracts of Cordyceps sp. Contain antitumor, antiviral, and many other biological activities. In our previous studies, we proved that C. sinensis contains the antitumor and immunomodulatory agents. In the present studies, effects of C. sinensis on bronchoalveolar lavage fluids(BAL)cells were demonstrated. The crude methanolic extracts of C. sinensis were fractionated into 15 fractions by silica gel column chromatography. Effects of various fraction on BAL cells proliferation and lipopolysaccharide(LPS) stimulated interleukin-1β(IL-8),platelet activating factor(PAF), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and interleukin-8(IL-8) production on BAL cells were determined. The result indicated that the CS-19-22 fraction suppressed BAL cells proliferation activated by LPS. The median inhibitory concentration(IC50) was 6㎍/ml. The CS-19-22 fraction also decreased IL-1β,PAF,IL-6, TNF-αand IL-8 production.The results of revers transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) demonstrated that the CS-19-22 fraction did not affect IL-1β,PAF,IL-6, TNF-α,and IL-8 mRNAs expression in BAL cells activated by LPS. By contrast, it inhibited the IL-10 mRNA expression but enhanced IFN-γand IL-12 mRNAs expression in activated BAL cells. Moreover, the CS-19-22 fraction blocked PAF-induced platelet aggregation. It is unlikely that cytotoxicity was involved. Because no cell deths were observable. We hypothesize that inhibitory mechanisms of CS-19-22 on BAL cells proliferation may be related to the impairments of gene expression and production of cytokines in BAL cells. The explanation of C. sinensis antiasthma function may involved the following(1)C.sinenesis contained immunomodulatory agents that stimulated IFN-γand IL-12 expression in TH1cells.(2)Enhanced secretion of IFN-γand IL-12 will inhibit the Tγcells immune responses Ex. Decreasing of IL-6 and IL-10 production.(3) The impairments of cytokines production in TH2 cells suppressed th BAL cells proliferation then more cytokines production Ex.IL-1β,PAF,IL-6,TNF-αand IL-8 in activated BAL cells were decreased. (4)The suppression of TH2cells immune responses will inhibit the growth and differentiation of B cells then IgE production will be decreased. (5)Reduced production of IgE will decreased asthma attack occurring in individuals. However, the results of the present study suggested that C. sinensis may also have acted to treat asthma in part by inhibiting BAL cells proliferation and cytokine gene expression and production. Future, experiments with treatment of animals with asthma with C. sinensis will be necessary to defined whether C. sinensis can reduce asthma injury. Plans are underway for the isolation of pure principal growth inhibitors and their mechanisms of action are subjected for further study.

청소년의 태권도수련과 비행과의 관계

이병익,정위곤,이창호 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 2002 武道硏究所誌 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose of this study is to analyze the The Influence of Participation in Taekwon-do Training on Juvenile Delinquency To accomplish the purpose of this study, the 321 subjects were selected using the systematic stratified cluster random sampling method from students who study in middle and high school in Seoul 2002. The Survey questionaries were used to collect data. The questionaries for Participation in Taekwon-do Training was Sport Participation and degree on Scale developed by Kenyon and Schuts(1970). And the questionaries for Juvenile Delinquency scale was Expansion developed by Jung(1988) and Lim(1986). The statistical methods utilized in this study for analyzing the collected data were reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, Chi-Square, t-test, One-way ANOVA, and standard multiple regression analysis. From the analysis of this study, the following conclusions were obtain:. Firstly, adolescent' Taedkwon-do Training participation and degree, juvenile delinquency are partially different by the socio-demographic characteristics. In detail, adolescent' Taekwon-do Training participation is different according to income, parent education level, parent job style. Secondly, adolescent' Taekwon-do Training participation are different according to juvenile delinquency. In detail, the Taekwon-do Training participation group are lower in the delinquency of family, school, and social life than the non-participation of Taekwon-do Training group Thirdly, Taekwon-do Training participation degree are partially influence on the juvenile delinquency. In detail, Taekwon-co Training participation frequence and strength effective adolescent' on the delinquency of family, school, and social life.

Synergistic Improvement in Insulin Resistance with a Combination of Fenofibrate and Rosiglitazone in Obese Type 2 Diabetic Mice

Choi, Woon-Seok,Lee, Jung-Jin,Kim, Yo-Han,Kim, In-Su,Zhang, Wei-Yun,Myung, Chang-Seon 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.4

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) ${\alpha}$, which is abundant in the liver, increases lipoprotein lipase activity, resulting in a decrease of triglyceride (TG) levels. $PPAR{\gamma}$, which is abundant in adipose tissue, stimulates adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis, and results in an increase in insulin sensitivity. Fenofibrate, a $PPAR{\alpha}$ agonist, is commonly used to treat dyslipidemia, and rosiglitazone, a $PPAR{\gamma}$ agonist, is effective in improving glycemic control. To examine the synergistic effects of rosiglitazone in combination with fenofibrate, an obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) mouse model was established by the combined administration of streptozotocin and nicotinamide and fed on a high-fat diet (35% of energy as fat) for 3 weeks. The mice had significantly higher plasma glucose concentrations and insulin resistance, as examined by an oral glucose tolerance test and insulin challenge test compared with normal mice. After establishing a dose-response curve for each drug, the drugs were orally administered for 3 weeks either alone or in combination. After individual administration of fenofibrate, HDL cholesterol levels significantly increased, and plasma glucose and TG levels decreased in obese type 2 DM mice. The individual administration of rosiglitazone showed increased insulin resistance (QUICKI). However, HDL cholesterol and TG levels were not significantly changed. In a combination of fenofibrate at 25 mg/kg and rosiglitazone at 1.25 mg/kg there was a decrease in plasma glucose and TG levels, and a combination of fenofibrate at 50 mg/kg and rosiglitazone at 2.5 mg/kg showed an increase in plasma HDL cholesterol levels. Moreover, parameters related to insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity (QUICKI) were improved significantly. Thus, our results show that combination therapy with lower doses of fenofibrate and rosiglitazone ameliorates the type 2 DM condition to a greater extent than high doses of either individual monotherapy.

Maskless lithography 응용을 위한 마이크로렌즈 어레이 개발

남민우,오해관,김근영,서현우,위창현,송요탁,양상식,이기근,Nam, Min-Woo,Oh, Hae-Kwan,Kim, Geun-Young,Seo, Hyun-Woo,Wei, Chang-Hyun,Song, Yo-Tak,Yang, Sang-Sik,Lee, Kee-Keun 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2009 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.16 No.4

마스크리스 리소그래피(maskless lithography)에 응용하기 위한 마이크로렌즈 어레이(microlens array, MLA)가 석영의 습식 식각과 UV 접착제(UV adhesive)의 코팅을 바탕으로 개발되었다. 제작된 MLA의 초점거리는 ${\sim}45\;{\mu}m$ 정도였으며, 집광되는 광선의 초점은 ${\sim}1\;{\mu}m$로 측정되었다. MLA를 통과하며 초점을 맺은 빔(beam)의 크기 및 세기가 charge coupled device (CCD) 카메라와 빔 프로파일러(beam profiler)를 이용하여 각각 측정되었으며, 일정한 세기의 점들이 초점면에서 고르게 관찰되었다. 초점거리는 코팅된 UV 접착제의 두께에 따라 변화하였으며, UV 접착제의 두께가 두꺼울수록 짧아지는 경향을 보였다. 일반적인 마스크 얼라이너(mask aligner)를 이용한 MLA의 UV 포커싱(UV focusing)이 감광막(photoresist, PR) 상에서 실시되었으며, MLA를 통과한 빛이 감광막 위에 일정하게 집광되었다. 마스크 얼라이너와 MLA 사이의 거리 변화에 따라 감광막에 구현된 패턴 사이즈가 조절 되었다. 고온에서 오랜 시간이 지난 후에도 소자의 특성은 전혀 변함이 없었다. A microlens array (MLA) was developed based on the wet-etched quartz substrate and coating of UV adhesive on the substrate for maskless lithography application. The developed MLA has the focal length of ${\sim}45\;{\mu}m$ and the spot size of ${\sim}1\;{\mu}m$. The spot size of the focused beam passing through the MLA was detected by CCD camera, and its intensity was monitored by beam profiler. Uniform spots with nearly identical intensities were observed on the focal plane when a beam passes through the fabricated MLA. The focal length was varied depending on thickness of the coated UV adhesive. The thicker the thickness of the UV adhesive was, the shorter the focal length of the MLA was. With a general mask aligner, UV beam focusing was tested onto photoresist (PR). The beams were well focused onto PR when UV passes through the MLA. Depending on the variable distances from the MLA, beam sizes onto PR were controlled. Even at high temperature for a long time, the performances of the MLA were not changed.

One year changes in QCT and DXA bone densities following bariatric surgery in a multiethnic Asian cohort

Hong Chang Tan,Matthew Zhen-Wei Tan,Kwang Wei Tham,Shanker Pasupathy,Alvin Kim Hock Eng,Sonali Ganguly,Oi Fah Lai,Alvin Choong Meng Ng 대한골다공증학회 2015 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.1 No.2

Objectives: Bone loss after bariatric surgery is well recognized but the best method for quantifying bone mineral density (BMD) remains controversial. BMD measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is prone to measurement errors in this population while quantitative computed tomography (QCT) is less affected. We report the skeletal changes after bariatric surgery at 1-year in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort using both central DXA and QCT. Methods: Areal BMD (aBMD) and volumetric BMD (vBMD) of twenty-two participants (mean age 40.6; female 59%) undergoing sleeve gastrectomy (n ¼ 12) or gastric bypass (n ¼ 10) were measured with central DXA and QCT respectively before and 12-months after surgery. Results: Weight and BMI decreased significantly but discordant QCT and DXA results were noted. aBMD was significantly reduced at the total hip (TH) and femoral neck (FN) by 6.9 and 8.5% respectively but was not significantly different at the lumbar spine (LS). By contrast, there were no significant changes in vBMD at TH and FN. Instead, a significant 11.2% decrease in vBMD was noted at the LS. These findings were largely similar between the two surgical subgroups. Interestingly, cortical vBMD increased at both TH and FN while trabecular vBMD decreased at the TH. These changes were observed despite no significant post-operative changes in serum calcium, iPTH or 25-OH vitamin D levels. Conclusion: Technical or physiological factors may be involved in the discordance between QCT and DXA results during short-term follow-up and the most suitable method of bone density measurement for post-bariatric surgery patients remains uncertain. © 2015 The Korean Society of Osteoporosis. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

The carbohydrate and lipid metabolic interplay on GYN cancer immunity

( Wei-chun Chang ) 대한산부인과학회 2017 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.103 No.-

Carbohydrate and lipid are the key metabolic context of metabolic syndrome. It’s been well studied that the disturbance of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism are highly associated with a panels of chronic diseases, including cancer. The rising risks of metabolism syndrome, consequently leading to increased gynecological malignancies is one global pandemic. The nutrition aspect toward carbohydrate and lipid species are not only hot topic for now-a-day public concerns, but also medical interests. Cancer involves in the process of chronic inflammation. The systemic inflammatory alteration could affect metabolic homeostasis, and consequently to cancer prognosis. On the other way around, metabolic disturbance will also affect inflammatory status. The chicken and egg relation is still under investigation and debating. However, there is one thing can be sure, which is the restriction of energy uptake seems to constrain the inflammatory status for cancer development. This talk will summarize the up-to-dated discovery of the studies in the field, and then trajectory to the impact on GYN cancers.

2022 Taiwan clinical multicenter expert consensus and recommendations for thyroid radiofrequency ablation

Wei-Che Lin,Wen-Chieh Chen,Pei-Wen Wang,Yi-Chia Chan,Yen-Hsiang Chang,Harn-Shen Chen,Szu-Tah Chen,Wei-Chih Chen,Kai-Lun Cheng,Shun-Yu Chi,Pi-Ling Chiang,Chen-Kai Chou,Feng-Fu Chou,Shun-Chen Huang,Feng 대한초음파의학회 2023 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.42 No.3

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive management strategy that has been widely applied for benign and recurrent malignant thyroid lesions as an alternative to surgery in Taiwan. Members of academic societies for specialists in interventional radiology, endocrinology, and endocrine surgery collaborated to develop the first consensus regarding thyroid RFA in Taiwan. The modified Delphi method was used to reach a consensus. Based on a comprehensive review of recent and valuable literature and expert opinions, the recommendations included indications, pre-procedural evaluations, procedural techniques, post-procedural monitoring, efficacy, and safety, providing a comprehensive review of the application of RFA. The consensus effectively consolidates advice regarding thyroid RFA in clinical practice for local experts.

Changes in fermentation pattern and quality of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) silage by wilting and inoculant treatments

Liu, Chang,Zhao, Guo Qiang,Wei, Sheng Nan,Kim, Hak Jin,Li, Yan Fen,Kim, Jong Geun Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.1

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of wilting and microbial inoculant treatment on the fermentation pattern and quality of Italian ryegrass silage. Methods: Italian ryegrass was harvested at heading stage and ensiled into vinyl bags (20 cm×30 cm) for 60d. Italian ryegrass was ensiled with 4 treatments (NWNA, no-wilting noadditive; NWA, no-wilting with additive; WNA, wilting no-additive; WA, wilting with additive) in 3 replications, wilting time was 5 hours and additives were treated with 106 cfu/g of Lactobacillus plantarum. The silages samples were collected at 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, and 60 days after ensiling and analyzed for the ensiling quality and characteristics of fermentation patterns. Results: Wilting treatment resulted in lower crude protein and in vitro dry matter digestibility and there were no significant differences in acid detergent fiber (ADF), total digestible nutrient (TDN), water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC), ammonia content, and pH (p>0.05). However, wilting treatment resulted in higher ADF and neutral detergent fiber content of Italian ryegrass silage (p<0.05), and the WNA treatment showed the lowest TDN and in vitro dry matter digestibility. The pH of the silage was higher in the wilting group (WNA and WA) and lower in the additive treatment group. Meanwhile, the decrease in pH occurred sharply between the 3-5th day of storage. The ammonia nitrogen content was significantly lower in the additive treatment (p<0.05), and wilting had no effect. As fermentation progressed, the lactic and acetic acid contents were increased and showed the highest content at 30 days of storage. Conclusion: The wilting treatment did not significantly improve the silage fermentation, but the inoculant treatment improved the fermentation patterns and quality of the silage. So, inoculation before ensiling is recommended when preparing high quality of Italian ryegrass silage, and when wilting, it is recommended to combine inoculation for making high quality silage.

Endovascular Treatment of Traumatic Pseudoaneurysm Presenting as Intractable Epistaxis

Chang wei Zhang,Xiao dong Xie,Chao You,Bo yong Mao,Chao hua Wang,Min He,Hong Sun 대한영상의학회 2010 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.11 No.6

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of individual endovascular management for the treatment of different traumatic pseudoaneurysms presenting as intractable epistaxis. Materials and Methods: For 14 consecutive patients with traumatic pseudoaneurysm presenting as refractory epistaxes, 15 endovascular procedures were performed. Digital subtraction angiography revealed that the pseudoaneurysms originated from the internal maxillary artery in eight patients; and all were treated with occlusion of the feeding artery. In six cases, they originated from the internal carotid artery (ICA); out of which, two were managed with detachable balloons, two with covered stents, one by means of cavity embolization, and the remaining one with parent artery occlusion. All of these cases were followed up clinically from six to 18 months, with a mean follow up time of ten months; moreover, three cases were also followed with angiography. Results: Complete cessation of bleeding was achieved in all the 15 instances (100%) immediately after the endovascular therapies. Of the six patients who suffered from ICA pseudoaneurysms, one presented with a permanent stroke and one had an episode of rebleeding requiring intervention. Conclusion: In patients presenting with a history of craniocerebral trauma, traumatic pseudoaneurysm must be considered as a differential diagnosis. Individual endovascular treatment is a relatively safe, plausible, and reliable means of managing traumatic pseudoaneurysms. Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of individual endovascular management for the treatment of different traumatic pseudoaneurysms presenting as intractable epistaxis. Materials and Methods: For 14 consecutive patients with traumatic pseudoaneurysm presenting as refractory epistaxes, 15 endovascular procedures were performed. Digital subtraction angiography revealed that the pseudoaneurysms originated from the internal maxillary artery in eight patients; and all were treated with occlusion of the feeding artery. In six cases, they originated from the internal carotid artery (ICA); out of which, two were managed with detachable balloons, two with covered stents, one by means of cavity embolization, and the remaining one with parent artery occlusion. All of these cases were followed up clinically from six to 18 months, with a mean follow up time of ten months; moreover, three cases were also followed with angiography. Results: Complete cessation of bleeding was achieved in all the 15 instances (100%) immediately after the endovascular therapies. Of the six patients who suffered from ICA pseudoaneurysms, one presented with a permanent stroke and one had an episode of rebleeding requiring intervention. Conclusion: In patients presenting with a history of craniocerebral trauma, traumatic pseudoaneurysm must be considered as a differential diagnosis. Individual endovascular treatment is a relatively safe, plausible, and reliable means of managing traumatic pseudoaneurysms.