尹草窓의 生涯와 草窓訣에 關한 硏究

金準泰,尹暢烈 대한한의학원전학회 1992 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.6 No.-

I have studied life of Yoon-Dong-Li(尹東里), who applied Un-Ki(運氣) theory to medicine during Suk-Jong(肅宗) to Jeong-Jo(正祖) in Yi-Dynasty and also studied his existing writings named 《Cho-Chang-kyeol》(草窓訣). The referenced original work prints were based on 1980's pring of Chung-Ku oriental medical society and National Central Library and The academy a korean studies possessed print. Studied with these books, I have concluded as follows. 1. Yoon-Dong-Li(尹東里) courtesy name is Ja-Mi(子美), pen name is Cho-Chang(草窓). He was born in 1705, Suk-Jong(肅宗) 31yrs, and died in 1784, Jeong-Jo(正祖) 3yrs in Yi-Dynasty. He had lineage of third-generationed-doctor and learned medicine from his uncle, Yoon-Woo-Kyo(尹雨敎). His father Yoon-Yi-Kyo(윤이교) gaved him second influence. 2. Confucianal physician in Ming Dynasty You-Bu(劉溥) respected Ju-Ryeom-Kyo(周濂溪), confucianist in Song-Dynasty and You-Bu(劉溥) does not removed grass in front of window (because in chinese, Cho-Chang(草窓) means grass in front of windows), and named himself Cho-Chang(草窓). Yoon-Dong-Li(尹東里) followed this suit so called himself Cho-Chang(草窓). 3. The main contents of 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣), <Un-Ki-Yeon-Lon>(運氣衍論) was written in 1725, when Yoon-Dong-Li(尹東里) was 21yrs old and printed in 1736. The other part of 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣), <Yong-Yak-Pyeon>(用藥篇) was written in 1746. These two parts were not written in the same time. The <Un-Ki-Yeon-Lon>(運氣衍論) was written 11years earlier than <Yong-Yak>(用藥). Two parts were combined another day and named 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣). 4. Existing 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣) is transcribed printing with the content of "Five elements motion and the six kind of natural factors theory"(五運六氣論). Each edition is generally similar in content, but also has different points each other so naw we hardly finds a complete set of works. 5. 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣) is a first technical book which treats of Un-Ki(運氣) theory in korea. 6. The contents of <Un-Ki-Yeon-Lon>(運氣衍論) of 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣) is mechanism of diease according to excess and insuffciency of five elements motion and six kinds of natural factors, and symptoms and priscriptions, includes variated priscriptions. 7. Two parts in <Un-Ki-Yeon-Lon>(運氣衍論) of 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣), 'Sang-tong'(相通) and 'Kak-Tong'(各通), threats of mechanisim of the disease according to five elements, with the principle of inter-promoting and inter-acting, in the change of ten heavenly stems and five elements motion. 8. In the <Yong-Yak-Pyeon>(用藥篇) of 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣) describes priscription for clinical application according to Un-Ki(運氣) and also records about misuse of medicine. 9. In the 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣), most of priscription are common using one, which also found in 《Dong-Ui-Bo-Gam》(東醫寶鑑) and there are few of priscriptions by Yoon-Dong-Li(尹東里).

干支와 遅氣에 關한 硏究

尹暢烈,朴賛国 慶熙大學校韓醫科大學韓醫學硏究所 1987 慶熙韓醫大論文集 Vol.10 No.-

해도분석을 통한 낙동강 하구 사주 면적의 시ㆍ공간 변화

유창일(CHANG-ILL YOO),윤한삼(HAN-SAM YOON),류청로(CHEONG-RO RYU),이인철(IN-CHEOL LEE) 한국해양공학회 2006 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.20 No.6

This study discusses characteristic of spatiotemporal changes of the sand barrier in the Nakdong estuarine for the last century, focusing on geomorphologic evolution and mobility of sand barriers in the view of coastal engineering. The Nakdong estuarine, the research subject, has a complexly changing natural environment by interaction between ground and marine elements such as ocean wave, tidal current, sediment, etc. Moreover, recently, unnatural geomorphologic changes (e.g., seaside reclamation, new harbor construction, etc.) has been radically increased in this area with increasing desire for coastal development. Because of this, its sand barrier has developed quite unstable condition. Therefore, to identify the development process of geomorphologic changes in this area, required is a close examination on historical characteristics of spatiotemporal changes of the sand barrier in relation to surrounding seaside reclamation and physical environmental changes. This study, based on the marine charts published in between 1927 and 1995 year, analyzes the length and area of the sand barrier for the last hundred years, and investigates the cause of the changes by looking into the change of water depth for the last two years and doing ocean-physical site observations. In conclusion, the sand barrier of the Nakdong estuarine expands toward the open sea by 7.4~26 m in annual average, maintaining a fixed distance of 1,241~1.279 m, and its area is expected to increase about 2.8 k㎡ annually. This is characterized by the wocean wave from the open sea and the discharge of Nakdong River.

喩昌의 生涯와 醫學思想

金秀烈,尹暢烈 대한한의학원전학회 1990 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.4 No.-

At early Cheong (淸) dynasty, in medical aspect by dependent on practical studying attitude that must found a theory only by an evidence, there had been a tendancy that hoped direct research of sages' mind-eye by escaping the theory of individual classes since Geum-Won (金-元)dynasty. Yoo Chang(喩昌), born in Man-Ryeok(萬曆) 12th year of Myung(明) dynasty (A.D.1583) and dead in Gang-Hee(康熙) 3rd year of Cheong(淸) dynasty (A.D.1664). The results were as follows after studying his practical idea of medicine. 1. Yoo Chang, by recognizing the 《Sang-Han-Ron》 has lost its true meaning after commented by Wang hee(王熙), Lim Eog(林億), Seong Moo-I(成無己), etc. according to Bang Yoo-Jip's(方有執) Chak-Gan-Jung-Jeong(錯簡重訂) theory, he diversified the protocal of 《Sang-Han-Ron》 397 method and arranged under Six Meridian part.(六經) 2. The theory of Sam-Gang-Jeong-Rip(三網鼎立) can be summerized Gye-Ji(桂枝) syndrome which is the case of WInd(風) has injured Wi(衛) stage, Ma-hwang(麻黃) syndrome which is the case of Cold(寒) ahs injured Yeong(榮) stage, Dae-Cheong-Ryong(大靑龍) syndrome which is the case both of Wind-Cold(風寒) ahs injured Yeong-Wi(榮衛) stage, and there has been Sam-Gang-Jeong-Rip theory by anterior medical practitioners already but the person who formally used its Sam-Gang-Jeong-Rip term is Yoo-Chang. 3. Yoo Chang seized the On Byeng(溫病) by dividing three category and in Byon-Jeung-Si-Chi(辨證施治) he influenced to many aspect of establishment of later Byon-Jeung system On-Byong(溫病의 辨證體系) pertaining to Triple-Warmer by O-Dang(오당) introducing Triple-Warmer Theory.(三焦理論) 4. At Chu-Jo-Ron(秋燥論) of 《Eui-Moon-Beop-Ryol》, while 《Nae-Gyeong》 describing if humidity injury Lung, then occur a disorder in it, Yoo Chang recognized that of autuam when dryness injure Lung there occure a disorder is it so he insisted that at this case, must use Cheong-Joe-Goo-Pye method (淸燥救肺法) with herbs, pertaing to Gam-Yoo-Ja-Yoon(甘柔滋潤性) property and he invented Cheong-Joe-Goo-Pye-Tang.(淸燥救肺湯) 5. You Chang', so called, Dae-Gi(大氣) indicates Yang-Gi(陽氣) of chest, he insisted that man's creation and every physiological activity depends on maintainence of Dae-Gi, and it integrate Yeong-Gi(榮氣), Wea-Gi(衛氣), Jong-Gi(宗氣), Jang-Boo-Ji-Gi(臟腑之氣), Gyeong-Rak-Ji-Gi.(經絡之氣) 6. Yoo Chang's expression about partical function and character of stomach, not only bolster its theory of historical physician's expression, that is stomach is foundatness of postnatal period, but also it has correponding aspect with modern medicine and clinic. 7. Yoo Chang emphasized "if one cure a disease, be must understood the character of disease first and use drugs later"(先議病 後用藥) phrase about of drug usage, and his theory of Geup-Rew-Man-Joo method(急流挽舟) and three therapy of Simple Ascite(單腹脹) are all unique opinion based upon this phrase mentioned above. 8. Yoo Chang's practical idea of medicine greatly influenced to Jang Ro(張??), Hwang Won-A(黃元御), Oh Eui-Rak(吳儀洛) ,Joo Yang-Joon(周??俊), etc. and theory of Sam-Gang-Jeng-Rip(三網鼎立), Thriple Warmer Theory of On Byong (溫疫의 三焦論治), Chu-Jo-Ron(秋燥論), Dae-Gi-Ron(大氣論) etc. became important object to student of Sang-Han(傷寒) and On-Byeng.(溫病) 9. Yoo Chang's Writings has more practical meaning than other physician's, especially, later the idea of Sang-Han(傷寒) and On-Byong(溫病) greatly contributed to development of Sang-Han theory and formation of On-Byong theory.

평행봉 몸 굽혀 2회전 뒤 공중 돌아 내리기 동작의 국면별 운동학적 분석

윤창선,강대식 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.3

This thesis has an aim to examine the influence on landing of successful salto by the difference of athletic factors of salto backward tucked dismount on the parallel bars. This thesis analyzed six national representative players dividing them into the skill group (G1) who got more than 9.5 point and the unskilled group (G2) who got less than 9.5 point based on the average point by four international referees utilizing three dimensional image analyses photographed with video camera, and it got the conclusion of the athletic factors dividing into each aspect as followings. 1. As for the time spent by the groups when the thesis divided them into each aspect, G1 spent more time than G2. It's because G1 acted in stability at the moment of staying in the space and landing as it spent much time in the space with fast down swing and release, but G2 on the contrary, acted fast at the moment of space of four aspects with slow down swing and release. And its landing was unstable at the movement of low height. 2. As for the positional change in each aspect, the parallel position of G2 increased than that of G1, and the increased parallel position made the unstable salto and landing . As for the change of vertical position, at the time of down swing in the first aspect, what G1 acted at the low position of the second aspect at the high position seemed to be an act to release fast falling the high joint down, and it made salto high and made landing stable. 3. As for speed change of high joint in each aspect, G1 acted with fast horizontal speed generally at the time of release, aspect of space, and aspect of landing because of right horizontal speed at the time of down swing, and it seemed to be an act to get rotary power of double salto. As for the vertical speed, G1 acted with a much more vertical speed than G2 in four aspects with a big up-down movement by the fast vertical speed at the time of down swing and release. It means that G1 acted fast with a fast vertical speed of the high joint to get the height to stay in the air. 4. As for the change of the angle of the high joint in each aspect, G1 acted a bigger down swing and release than G2 utilizing the stretched body of the high joint at the time of down swing and release. As for change of angle of shoulder, G1 acted down swing with the shoulder joint accessed nearer than G2 to the body. At the time of down swing, it acted with a big angle of shoulder joint to stretch high shoulder at the time of swing. In addition to it, at the time of release, G2 escaped from the hand more slowly than G1 because of big angle. It made the movement of space and landing movement unstable. 5. As for change of angular speed in each aspect, G1 acted with a fast high joint down swing from the start to the first aspect. It acted with a slow speed of the angle stretching the high joint in the second and the third aspect so that it could get fast angular speed in the forth and the fifth aspect. As for the change of shoulder joint, G1 acted with a fast angular speed in the aspect of space and that of landing movement by the fast speed of shoulder joint at the time of release. In addition to it, fast angular speed of the shoulder joint in the release aspect of space made the rotary power of double salto.

Age-Associated Changes in the Vascular Renin-Angiotensin System in Mice

Yoon, Hye Eun,Kim, Eun Nim,Kim, Min Young,Lim, Ji Hee,Jang, In-Ae,Ban, Tae Hyun,Shin, Seok Joon,Park, Cheol Whee,Chang, Yoon Sik,Choi, Bum Soon Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity Vol.2016 No.-

<P><I>Background</I>. This study evaluated whether the change in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is associated with arterial aging in mice.<I> Methods</I>. Histologic changes and expressions of transforming growth factor-<I>β</I> (TGF-<I>β</I>), collagen IV,<I> fibronectin</I>, angiotensin II (Ang II), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R), prorenin receptor (PRR), Mas receptor (MasR), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), NADPH oxidase 2 and oxidase 4 (Nox2 and Nox4), 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG),<I> 3-nitrotyrosine</I>, and superoxide dismutase 1 and dismutase 2 (SOD1 and SOD2) were measured in the thoracic aortas from 2-month-old, 12-month-old, and 24-month-old C57/BL6 mice.<I> Results</I>. Twenty-four-month-old mice showed significantly increased aortic media thickness and expressions of TGF-<I>β</I>, collagen IV, and fibronectin, compared to 2-month-old and 12-month-old mice. The expressions of PRR, ACE, and Ang II, and AT1R-positive area significantly increased, whereas expressions of ACE2 and MasR and AT2R-positive area decreased with age. The expressions of phosphorylated serine<SUP>1177</SUP>-eNOS, SOD1, and SOD2 decreased, and the 8-OHdG-positive area and the 3-nitrotyrosine-positive area increased with age. The expression of Nox2 significantly increased with age, but that of Nox4 did not change.<I> Conclusions</I>. The enhanced PRR-ACE-Ang II-AT1R axis and reduced ACE2-MasR axis were associated with arterial aging in mice. </P>

정상 및 재생간의 Cytosol이 흰쥐의 대사기능에 미치는 영향

윤창식,손기섭 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1987 충남의대잡지 Vol.14 No.2

Extensive hepatic resection for massive injury and malignant tumor of liver has been markedly increased during past a few decades. Liver regeneration has been shown following partial hepatectomy by many authors with clinical and experimental studies, and considerable experiments have done to find out what is the real property of restoration, when it initiates, when it is most active and when it terminates after partial removal of liver, but still it is uncertain. The purpose of this paper is to provide to focus on the metabolic function, biochemical changes, following administration of cytosol extract from normal and regenerating livers in the normal and partially hepatectomized liver in rats. The results of this experimental study were summerized as follows: 1. The values of SGOT were increased remarkably in all groups (P<0.01). 2. The values of SGPT were elevated significantly in all groups as high as four times or six and a half times (P<O.01). 3. The values of glucose were seen considerably increasing rate in all groups except I -B, II -B, III-B and I.-D. Group I and II were seen very significant changes statistically as P<0.01 and group III were seen considerable change as P<0.05. 4. The values of BUN were seen considerable changes in group II only (P<0.05). 5. The values of total bilirubin were seen very remarkable changes in group II only (P<0.01). 6. The values of total protein were revealed very significant decreasing rate in group I and group II (P<0.01). 7. The values of alkaline phosphatase and albumin were revealed no significant changes in all groups. 8. The group II were revealed most significant changes. It was supposed that maximum response after partial resection of liver was seen at 12 hours in the rat.

Wi-Fi 핑거프린트 기반 실내 이동 경로 데이터 생성 방법

윤창표(Chang-Pyo Yoon),황치곤(Chi-Gon Hwang) 한국정보통신학회 2021 한국정보통신학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.25 No.1

최근, 실내 위치 기반 서비스에서 정확한 서비스를 위해 Wi-Fi 핑거프린트 기반의 딥러닝 기술을 이용한 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 딥러닝 모델 중에서 과거의 정보를 기억할 수 있는 RNN 모델은 실내측위에서 연속된 움직임을 기억할 수 있어 측위 오차를 줄일 수 있다. 이때 학습 데이터로서 연속적인 순차 데이터를 필요로 한다. 그러나 일반적으로 Wi-Fi 핑거프린트 데이터의 경우 특정 위치에 대한 신호들만으로 관리되기 때문에 RNN 모델의 학습데이터로 사용이 부적절하다. 본 논문은 RNN 모델의 순차적인 입력 데이터의 생성을 위해 클러스터링을 통한 영역 데이터로 확장된 Wi-Fi 핑거프린트 데이터 기반 이동 경로의 예측을 통한 경로 생성 방법에 대해 제안한다. Recently, researches using deep learning technology based on Wi-Fi fingerprints have been conducted for accurate services in indoor location-based services. Among the deep learning models, an RNN model that can store information from the past can store continuous movements in indoor positioning, thereby reducing positioning errors. At this time, continuous sequential data is required as training data. However, since Wi-Fi fingerprint data is generally managed only with signals for a specific location, it is inappropriate to use it as training data for an RNN model. This paper proposes a path generation method through prediction of a moving path based on Wi-Fi fingerprint data extended to region data through clustering to generate sequential input data of the RNN model.

다국소 망막전위도를 통한 특발성 망막전막제거술 전후의 황반 기능 평가

윤창기(Chang Ki Yoon),김태훈(Tae Hoon Kim),김현웅(Hyun Woong Kim) 대한검안학회 2016 Annals of optometry and contact lens Vol.15 No.1

Purpose: To assess macular function after vitrectomy and membrane removal in eyes with idiopathic epiretinal membrane by means of multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG). Methods: Visual acuity, macular thickness measured by optical coherence tomography, and mfERG recordings were achieved for 14 eyes of 14 patients who having idiopathic epiretinal membrane. All exams were performed before epiretinal membrane surgery and 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. Results: Amplitude of mfERG were 139.18 ± 73.63 nV/deg2, 114.25 ± 29.16 nV/deg2 and 134.66 ± 69.64 nV/deg2 at before surgery, after 1 month and 3 months, respectively. Implicit time were 75.23 ± 31.34 nV/deg2, 66.20 ± 25.04 nV/deg2 and 74.79 ± 15.47 nV/deg2 at before surgery, after 1 month and 3 months, respectively. There were no significant changes in amplitude and implicit time measured by mfERG before and after the surgery (p>0.05). There were no significant correlations between the changes of amplitude and implicit time and visual acuity and macular thickness change. Conclusions: Changes in mfERG recordings were not concluded to be useful for predicting clinical prognosis after epiretinal membrane surgery in this study.

급성 심근허혈에 따른 심실활성시간(Ventricular Activation Time)의 변화

한성욱,김윤년,김기영,남창욱,김기식,김권배 대한순환기학회 2001 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.31 No.3