배지의 무기염류와 sucrose 농도가 감자의 기내 shoot 증식과 기내경 삽목묘의 생존율에 미치는 영향

김희곤,임순희,안장순,송창길,박미경,강봉균 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 1999 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.34 No.-

감자의 virus-free 기내경 삽목묘의 효율적인 대량 생산 체계의 확립을 위하여 생장점 배양으로 얻어진 감자의 기내경의 증식과 기내경의 순화삽목을 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 초대배양에서는 염류농도와 sucrose 농도가 높을수록 양호하였다. 즉, MS나 2MS에 sucrose를 6% 첨가한 배지에서 튼튼한 기내경이 생산되었다. 계대배양에서는 sucrose 농도가 높을수록 줄기의 길이는 단축되고 굵기는 커졌으며 생체중은 염류농도와 관계없이 3%의 sucrose가 첨가된 배지에서 무거웠다. 이들 유식물체의 경절을 삽목한 결과 계대배양 배지의 sucrose농도가 6%인 배지에서 생존율이 높은 경향이었다. In order to establish a mass propagation system of potato planting material, in vitro multiplication of virus-free shoot originated from meristem culture and sucrose concentrations on survival of cutting of the in vitro stem tried with various media containing different levels of MS salts(0.5x, 1x and 2x) and sucrose(1.0, 3.0, 6.0%), and the effects of MS salts elements were evaluated. Higher level of sucrose in the initial culture media favored the shoot growth, that is, both of 1MS and 2MS media containing 6.0% sugar produced stouter shoots. Higher level of sucrose in the subculture media also favored the development of compact stout shoots, but biomass production in terms of fresh weight was high on the media containing 3.0%sucrose, regardless of MS salts concentration. The survival rate of cuttings made of the in vitro stem segments tended to be higher in those obtained from subculture media containg 6.0%sucrose.

자궁비대가 있는 여성에서의 질식자궁적출술

정철권 ( Chul Gwon Chung ),주장오 ( Jang Oh Joo ),김창운 ( Chang Woon Kim ),엄상탁 ( Sang Tak Eum ),박경도 ( Kyung Do Park ) 대한산부인과학회 2004 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.47 No.6

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 질식자궁적출술을 시행함에 있어 자궁무게와 수술성적간의 관계를 평가함으로서 자궁비대가 있는 여성에서의 질식자궁적출술의 안전성과 효율성을 밝히고자 함에 있다. 연구 방법 : 2001년 2월부터 2003년 11월까지 본원에서 질식자궁적출술을 시행한 170명의 환자들을 자궁 무게가 300 gm에서 1000 gm 사이인 40명 (Group I)과 자궁무게가 300 gm 미만인 130명 (GroupsII)으로 나누어 분류하여, 각각 의무 기록지를 통해 연령, 분만력, 자궁무게, 수술기왕력, 동반수술, 수술 후 입원기간, 출혈량, 수술 전 후 헤모글로빈 변화, 수술시간, 합병증을 비교분석 하였다. 결과 : 임상적 분석의 결과 두 집단간의 연령, 분만력, 수술기왕력, 수술 후 입원기간, 동반수술, 출혈량, 수술 전 후 헤모글로빈 변화 비교에서는 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 수술 합병증 발생률의 비교에서도 Group I에서 12.5%, GroupII에서 13.1%로 유의한 차이는 없었다 (p=.660). 수술시간의 비교에서는 Group Ido서 GroupII에서 보다 평균 16분 가량 수술시간이 더 소요되었으나 통계학적 유의성은 없는 것으로 나타났다 (Group I 78.4±27.1분; GroupII 62.9±22.7분) (p=.176). 결론 : 자궁무게가 300 gm과 1000 gm 사이로 자궁비대가 있는 여성에서의 질식자궁적출술은 자궁무게가 300 gm 미만인 경우와 비교하여 안정성 및 효율성에 차이가 없었으며, 자궁비대가 질식자궁적출술의 금기증이 되지 않으며, 자궁세절술 (morcellation)을 능숙하게 사용함으로서 수술시간을 줄일 수 있을 뿐 아니라 더욱 안전하게 질식자궁적출술을 시행할 수 있을 거라 사료된다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between uterine size and surgical outcomes in women undergoing total vaginal hysterectomy. Methods : We revieres the medical records of the 170 patients who underwent total vaginal hysterectomy from February 2001 to November 2003. These patients were stratified into two groups; Group I, patients with uterine weight of between 300 gm to 1000 gm; GroupII, patients with uterine weight of <300 gm. The two groups were compared for ages, parity, uterine weight, previous abdominal operations, concurrent surgical procedures, postoperative discharge day, bleeding amount, perioperative hemoglobin concentration change and operative time. Results : 1. There were no significant difference between the two groups with respect to postoperative discharge day, concurrent surgical procedures, bleeding amount and perioperative hemoglobin concentration change. 2. The rate of surgical complications were similar in the two group (Group I 12.5%; GroupII 1301%) (p=.660). 3. Operative time for vaginal hysterectomy was slightly longer for women in Group I than Group II (Group I 78.4±27.1 minutes; GroupII 62.9±22.7 minutes) (p=.176), but the difference between the two groups in operative time was not statistically significant. Conclusion : The vaginal hysterectomy is as safe and effective for the woman with enlarged uterus (300-100 gm) as for the woman with uterine weight of <300 gm. Uterine enlargement (Uterine weight>300 gm) is not an absolute contraindication to vaginal hystrectomy.

Case Report : A Case of Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma Developed on Previous Lesion from Microscopic Polyangiitis

김성권 ( Suhng Gwon Kim ),박재윤 ( Jae Yoon Park ),이성우 ( Seong Woo Lee ),안신영 ( Shin Young Ahn ),정종철 ( Jong Cheol Jeong ),( Sung Hae Chang ),이태원 ( Tae Woo Lee ),오국환 ( Kook Hwan Oh ),진호준 ( Ho Jun Chin ),주권욱 ( 대한신장학회 2010 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.29 No.6

Purpose: This report examines a patient with pulmonary adenocarcinoma that developed on a previous lesion from microscopic polyangiitis. A 59-year-old woman had been diagnosed with microscopic polyangiitis in October of 1988 based on her clinical symptoms and serological tests, which were positive for anti- neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies. Her glomerulonephritis had been well controlled with low-dose prednisolone. She presented in October of 2005 with vague chest discomfort and dyspnea on exertion. Physical examination was unremarkable. A non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest showed patch ground-glass opacity at the right lower lobe of the lung. Because we did not believe the lesion to be a definite malignancy, we decided to follow up with chest images over a short interval. During the 18 months following the images, the lesion did not change. However, the opacity of the lesion increased slightly over the last two months, and a non-contrast CT scan of the chest was therefore performed. A CT scan showed persistent ground-glass opacity with a slightly solid portion. To diagnose the previous finding and possibly to provide treatment, a right lower lobectomy of the lung via video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was performed. The pathologic review of the resected lung revealed an adenocarcinoma, stage pT1N0. After one year, fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography was performed, and no evidence of a recurrent malignancy was found.

Analysis of Research Trends in Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Upland in Korea

Sun-Il Lee,Chang-Kyu Lee,Gun-Yeob Kim,Hyo-Suk Gwon,Jong-Sik Lee,Eun-Jung Choi,Joung-Du Shin 한국토양비료학회 2019 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.52 No.4

Global climate change, especially global warming is considered as threat to our future and posterity. Increasing concentrations of greenhouse gas such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) are the main causes of global warming. The Korean government has set a goal to cut the carbon emissions by 37% based on business-as-usual levels by 2030. According to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), agricultural sector is an important source of greenhouse gas emissions. In this regard, it is common belief that reducing of such emission is of great significance to global climate change. In Korea, upland is one of the main sources of agricultural N₂O emission. In order to analyze domestic research trends related to N₂O emissions in the upland, 53 academic publications from 2009 to September 2019 were critically reviewed. The results were classified according to the research purposes. Reduction technologies of N₂O emission account for approximately 28.3%. N₂O characteristics and assessment for 24.5%, development of N₂O emission factors for 22.6%, and N₂O inventory assessment for 20.8% etc. Biochar, green manure, no tillage, and inhibitor were studied as a means of reducing N₂O release. The optimum technologies to reduce N₂O emission in Korea were discussed and proposed through the previous researches.

국역 자료 소개 : 잡식외편

김창협 ( Kim Chang Hyeob ),조남권(역) ( Jo Nam Gwon ) 한서대학교 동양고전연구소 2003 東方學 Vol.9 No.-

의사 등방성 복합재료 적층판의 정 강도 해석

김인권(Kim In-Gwon),공창덕(Kong Chang-Duk),장병섭(Jang Byung-Sub) 대한기계학회 2001 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2001 No.3

The purpose of this work is to investigate the static strength, the stress distribution, and the failure process of quasi-isotropic composite laminates made of two different matrices when loading directions are changed. We carried out static tests of [0/-60/+60]<SUB>s</SUB> and [+30/-30/90]<SUB>s</SUB> laminates. Two types of matrices used are AS4/epoxy and AS4/PEEK. The damage mechanisms of the quasi-isotropic laminate, [0/-60/+60]<SUB>s</SUB> strongly depend on the load direction applied to the laminate.

영화 ‘코치, 카터’의 교육적 함의

박대권(Park Dae-Gwon),박창범(Park Chang-Beom) 한국체육과학회 2009 한국체육과학회지 Vol.18 No.4

본 연구는 영화 ‘코치, 카터’를 지도자의 지도관을 중심으로 분석해 봄으로써 상급학교 진학과 성적 지상주의에 물들어 있는 우리나라 학교 운동경기부의 모습을 재조명해보고 바람직한 지도자의 모습을 탐색하고자 하였다. 이 영화에서 그려지는 카터 코치의 지도관은 크게 세 가지로 나눌 수 있었다. 먼저 운동선수이기 이전에 학생으로서 선수들을 지도하고 교육하는 것이었다. 카터 코치는 학생들이 농구를 통해 자기 향상을 위한 하나의 토대를 마련하고자 노력했다. 단지 승리를 위해 훈련만을 강요하거나 농구란 운동에 모든 것을 투자하는 것을 경계하면서 선수들이 자신의 삶을 가꾸고 발전시키는데 농구를 ‘활용’하도록 끊임없이 학생들을 독려했다. 이러한 과정에서 학교와 학부모, 심지어 학생들에게도 반발을 사게 되었지만 그의 소신은 모든 것을 변화시켰다. 다음으로 카터는 엄격한 규율과 예절을 지도하면서 학생들이 스스로 책임감을 가지도록 하였다. 많은 문제들을 지니고 있는 학생들에게 규칙과 계약을 엄격히 적용함으로써 결과적으로 학생들이 책임 있는 행동을 하고, 동료들과 원만한 관계를 유지하며, 학교라는 작은 사회를 소중히 여기고 사랑하도록 하였다. 또한 학생들이 진실로 책임감 있는 한 개체로 성장하기 위해서는 그들이 책임질 줄 아는 방법을 배우도록 해야 한다는 지도관을 지니고 있었다. 마지막으로 카터는 학생들이 스스로 목표의식을 가지고 삶을 책임지고 선택하도록 하였다. 카터 코치는 학생들에게 끊임없이 꿈을 가지라고 격려하였다. 물론 그 꿈이란 것은 영화에서 분명히 드러나지 않지만 대학진학이라는 현실적인 목표를 통해 학생들이 자신의 삶을 가꾸어나가는 방법을 찾도록 격려하고 있었다. 우리나라에서는 잊을 만하면 지도자들의 선수구타, 성추행, 금품수수와 같은 문제들이 언론을 통해 보도된다. 물론 우리나라에도 일선 학교 현장에서 묵묵히 제자들의 성장과 발전을 위해 노력하는 ‘코치, 카터’와 같은 지도자들이 무수히 많을 것이다. 하지만 이 영화가 스포츠 지도자들뿐만 아니라 체육교사들에게 던지는 의미는 체육이 가지는 무한한 교육적 가치가 아닌가 한다. 단지 기능만을 전수하는 것이 아니라 학생들의 전인적 성장을 위해 체육이 기여할 수 있는 많은 가능성이 존재하며 이를 가능하게 하는 것은 바로 지도자, 교사들의 몫이 아닌가 한다. The purpose of this study was to seek for a coaches's desirable figure through analysing the "Coach, Carter" from a educational point of view. To collect the data of "Coach, Carter", I bought the DVD having the Korean-explanatory title and watched it three times by playing on computer movie player. The movie analyses can be divided with the words, the character and the scene analysis, but the words analysis was used in this study. "Coach, Carter" described the process that the coach charged Richmond High School Basketball Team get the student-athlete's life changed. Carter had the firm faith that student-athletes are student before athlete. And he trained student-athletes with a strict rules and manners, but hold them with love. He always implanted them a sense of aim and proposed a vision of life. like this, he educated student-athletes to have the responsibility for their lives and to decide something by themselves.

흉부 CT 검사에서 Scan Direction이 Automatic Exposure Control을 적용한 선량에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

남태현(Tae Hyun Nam),정용환(Yong Hwan Jeong),김주현(Joo Hyun Kim),권순안(Soon Ahn Gwon),대창민(Chang Min Dae),김성룡(Sung Ryong Kim),민관홍(Kwan Hong Min) 대한CT영상기술학회 2012 대한CT영상기술학회지 Vol.14 No.2

목적 적정한 영상의 질과 합리적인 선량위해 이용되고 있는 Automatic Exposure Control에 대한 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있는 가운데 scan direction의 영향에 대한 연구는 미비한 실정이기에, 본 논문에서는 AE를 적용한 흉부 CT검사에서 scan direction이 선량에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 Somatom Definition Flash(Siemens Healthcare, 이하 S사), Aquilion 64(Toshiba Medical System, 이하 T사), LightSpeed VCT(General Electric Medical System, 이하 G사), Brilliance iCT(Philips healthcare, 이하 p시)와 인체 등가물질의 whole body phantom을 이용하였다. Phantom position은 supine, feet first로 위치시키고, SPR parameter 중 관전압을 120, 100, 80 kV로 각각 group 1, group 2, group 3으로 분류 후, cranio-caudal scan direction, caudo-cranial scan direction으로 각 5회 반복 scan 하고 선량 비교는 장비에서 제공하는 CTDIvol 값의 평균값을 구하여 scan direction에 따른 변화를 각 제조사별로 비교하였다. 결과 S사의 평균 CTDIvol 값을 비교해 본 결과 cranio-caudal scan direction에 대한 caudo-cranial scan direction의 증감률은 group 1에서 -4.22%, group 2에서 -5.27%, group 3에서 -4.50%로 나타났고, T사의 증감률은 group 1에서 -9.41%, group 2에서 -8.20%, group 3에서 -9.31%로 측정되었다. G사의 증감률은 group 1에서 -1.65%, group 2에서 -3.41%, group 3에서 -3.23%로 나타났으며. P사의 증감률은 group 1에서 +1.21%, group 2에서 -1.58% group 3에서 -2.41%로 나타났다. 결론 AEC를 적용한 흉부 CT검사에서 scan direction이 변화함에 따라 환자에 적용되는 선량에 차이가 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 기존에 AEC에 영향을 주는 것으로 알려진 요인 외에 scan direction 또한 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서, 제조사별 AEC에 대한 심도있는 이해를 바탕으로 그 영향인자에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것이며, 이러한 연구들을 통해 검사부위에 맞는 최적화된 기법을 적용한다면 더욱 합리적인 선량감소를 달성할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. I. Purpose There are many studies about automatic exposure control system. However, there is not enough study between scan direction and ABC. The purpose of this study was to compare radiation exposure dose in chest CT depending on scan direction. II. Meterial and Methods Somatom Definition Flash(Siemens Healthcare), Aquilion 64(Toshiba Medical system), LightSpeed VCT(General Electric Medical System), Brilliance iCT(Philips healthcare) and whole body phantom(KUPBU - 50 Kyoto kagaku Co.Ltd) are used in this study, Phantom position was supine, feet first. Study was devided into 3 groups depending on scan projection radiography tube voltage: group 1(120kV), group 2(100 kV), group 3(80 kV). Average CTDIvol values are compared between cranio-caudal scan direction and caudo-cranial scan direction in each group. III. Result The CTDIvol between cranio-caudal scan direction and caudo-cranial scan direction is changed. Siemens result is -4.22% in group 1, -5.27% in group 2, -4.50% in group 3. Toshiba result is -9.41% in group 1, -8.20% in group 2, -9.31% in group 3. GE result is -1.65% in group 1, -3.41% in group 2, -3.23% in group 3. Philips result is +1.21% in group 1, -1.58% in group 2, -2.41% in group 3. IV. Conclusions Radiation exposure dose was changed between cranio-caudal scan direction and caudo-cranial scan direction in Chest CT with ABC. Therefore, scan direction can affect to AEC. We should consider about many factors of AEC and create suitable protocol for each body part in order to reduce radiation dose.

情報시스템 構築에 있어서 失敗要因 分析

權永直,李昌淳 대구대학교 기초과학연구소 1990 基礎科學硏究 Vol.7 No.-

Environmental characteristic surrounding business is not only complex but also continuely changing. The development of information systems which can properly considers on all of the factors is never simple. And so, in this paper, we premised that the development of information systems is indispensable for an effective business management and put in practice a case study on a case of failure, which is able to usually happen in developing the information systems. In the previous works it has been pointed out that the case of failure is due to the nonparticipation or the unconcern of the top manager. But this paper points out that human relations between working levels is the most important factor. That is, we conclude that the positive top manager and the negative middle manager in developing of information systems, the limit of the expert knowledge exchange among developers, the failure of motivation resulted from absence of personal contact, and the duplicate effort and redundent utilization of the systems caused by the failure in mutual exchange of proceeded results and Iack of discussion are main causes of the failure. Besides, we insist that the major causes of the failure are the obscurity of where the responsibility for delay and incompleteness of the development service Iies, the presentation of inaccurate specification for the developing systems, the flimsy information systems development which resulted from the excessive expectation of the top manager for developed outcome and the oppressive sensation for early development. Consiquently, in order to develop the efficient information systems, first of all, harmonious human relations with members is important. Also it is possible when motivation based upon human-respects, automospher founded on mutual-cooperation, and expert knowledge are linked.

시조 텍스트의 수용과 창작 지도 방법

염창권 한국문학교육학회 2004 문학교육학 Vol.14 No.-

This study aims to investigate the characteristics of sijo with a focus on what formal aspects this unique genre should strive for and suggest some principles and methods for instruction on the basis of its aesthetic standards. Firstly, this study addresses the formal and imaginary aspects of sijo in light of general characters of lyric. It then specifies formal standards that contemporary sijo should meet as a rhymed verse, followed by a discussion of what implications sijo has for contemporary readers. It can be argued from the discussion that contemporary sijo should achieve its own aesthetics within the genre of a poem. It can further be argued that sijo's aesthetic attributes with its formal conciseness and tension have a potential for providing contemporary readers with valuable literary experiences. Followed by a theoretical discussion, this study offers several principles for comprehension and production processes of this literary genre and presents a list of instructional methods for teaching this unique genre. This study concludes that in order for a variety of literary genres including sijo to be selected and used for instructional purposes, a through examination of their practical values and an exploration of effective ways to implement them in a classroom setting should be proceeded.