리얼리즘 문학론의 역사적 전개과정과 전망

장시기 동국대학교 대학원 1988 東院論集 Vol.1 No.-

The purpose of this treatise is to trace the history of literary realism and to discuss it now in Korea. The literary realism is not so literary technique nor literary historical thought as the other therories. In the respect to achieve the truth pf which the literature is search, the literary realism can be named the creative methodological theory that is showing concretely the historical problem in the present. What is the truth of which the literature is search? The truth, that is said, is not the conceptual and metaphysical idea which is thought in tradition, but it is the comcrete and practitional one or the process that the individuals have confronted it's historical problem and to eager to dissolve it. Because of this, Lukacs has advocated that the rise of the realist writers is the age of the historical formation and development. In this respect the contemporary controversy about the literary realism is the literary cooperation with the others in the process of Korean social change. In the process of the social change out problem is flowing: What is literature, what relation is between the literature and the society, How can be the individuals and the mass in the social life presented in literature? These are the problem which our literature is confronted. The important features in the contemporary controversy for our literary realism are the literary phase in the whole social structure and the literary function in the process of the social change. But in spite of the creative controversy of the literary realism, it is true that the most people is conciously or unconciously survile in the imperialist literary theory and occupied in the commercialist's fetishism. This view point of literature is seen in the purism, and it has been developed in the environment of the new colonial society and the bad world view which turn one's face from the concrete social development. This wiew point of literature is united with the ruling class interest and desire, and the practitioners have consistently reproduced the antinational and anti-people persons with the base of the imperialist in government and national economy. The imperialist literary theory is gradually turned one's face by persons who search of the real life. So I have studied the rise and the process of development for the literary realism in the history of world literature in order to increase our interest in the literary realism and overcome the imperialist literary theory around our literary feeling.

Hexestrol의 投與가 不垂體剔出 흰쥐의 子宮에 미치는 影響

田暢淇,金榮默 충남대학교 대학원 1975 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

In order to find out the functional relationship between ovary and uterus not related to other endocrine glands in albino rats, weight of uterus, height of endometrial epithelium, width of muscular layer and histological change were investigated in hypophysectmized rats after ad mininistration of hexestrol (6.0 ㎎/rat) during ranging 1-56 days, and the results obtained are as follows. 1. The weight of uterus was decreased gradually in hypophysectomized group without treatment of hexestrol but was increased in hexestrol treatment group until 14 days and decreased thereafter. The significance between both group was highly recognized. 2. The height of endometrial epithelium, width of circular and longitudinal muscle layer of uterus showed high significance as compared with control group. Those value in hypophysectmized group was decreased as the time passed and in hexestrol treatment group showed the peak at 14th day. 3. The tissue of uterus was reacted sensitively with hexestrol and the change of hyperlasia was recognized clearly but hypophysectomized group showed the change of degeneration. 4. It was showed that uterus was only controlled by ovary but other endocrine glands were not directly affected on uterus.

家兎에 있어서 性홀몬의 投與가 排卵 및 卵子의 分割과 下降速度에 미치는 影響

田暢淇 충남대학교 대학원 1971 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

These studies were dealt with the ovulation, speed of ovun division and descending speed of ovum in the rabbit treated with sexual hormone. One hundred and ninety eight Japanese White(female 178, male 20), each weighing from 1.3kg to 3.0kg, and P.M.S., H.C.G.Estogen and progesterone were used in these studies. The methods of treatment and results were as follows. 1. When a large number of progesterone(40-100mg) was done after P.M.S. injection, follicles and ovulations were a few and were not induced superovulation. 2. Investigating the influence of sexual hormone in ovary, I injected the rabbits with P.M.S(subcuaneous injetion) 30, 40 or 50 I.U. per day for five days and then, at 48 hrs after P.M.S. injection, injected with H.C.G.(intravenous injection) 250 I.U. And once injected with Estrogen (intramuscular injection)1,000, 1,500 or 2,000 I.U. And then investigated the follicle, blood follicle and ovulaton point. 1) As for the follicle, the group treated with Estrogen 1,000 I.U. and progesterone 10 mg on the last P.M.S. injecting time was 19.0, Estrogen 1,500 I.U. and progesterone 10 mg on the last P.M.S. injecting time was 18.2 and Estrogen 2,000 I.U. and progesterone 10 mg on the last P.M.S. injecting time was 15.2 were numerous. And the group treated with Estrogen 1,000 I.U. on the 1st P.M.S. injecting time was 5.7, Estrogen 1,500 I.U. on the 1st P.M.S was 7.4 and Estrogen 2,000 I.U. on the 1st P.M.S. injecting time was 6.2 were a few 2) As for the ovulation point, the group treated with Estrogen 1,000 I.U. on the 1st P.M.S. injecting time was 20.5, Estrogen 1,500 I.U. on the 1st P.M.S. injecting time was 27.4 and Estrogen 2,000 I.U. on the 1st P.M.S. injectng time was 31.6 showed good results, and the group treated with Estrogen 1,000 I.U. at 24 hrs. before P.M.S. injection was 8.9, Estrogen 1,500 I.U. at 24 hrs. before P.M.S. injection was 11.4 and Estrogen 2,000 I.U. at 48 hrs. before P.M.S. injection was 13.8 showed bad results. 3) For the blood follicle, the group treated with Estrogen 1,500 I.U. on the 1st P.M.S. injecting time was 22.7 and Estrogen 2,000 I.U. at 24 hrs. before P.M.S. injection was 36 were so numerous that it was not good to develop the follicle. 4) As for the superovulaton, the best method of treatment was treating with P.M.S. 250 I.U. (50 I.U./day×5 days)and then, at 48 hrs. after P.M.S. injection, treating with H.C.G. 250 I.U. and on the 1st P.M.S. injecting time, treating with Estrogen 2,000 I.U. 3. Recovering more numerous ova, I induced superovulation by treating with sexual hormone. That was injecting with P.M.S. (subcutaneous injection) 50 I.U.per day for five days and then, at 48 hrs. after P.M.S. injection, injecting with H.C.G. (intravenous injection)250 I.U. and once injecting with Estrogen (intramuscular injectin) 2,000 I.U. And then investigated the follicle, corpus lutein, blood follicle, ovulation point and ovum. 1) As for the follicle, the group treated with Estrogen on the 1st P.M.S. injecting time was 10.9 was most numerous and the group treated with Estrogen at 48 hrs. after P.M.S. injection was 4.0 was most few. 2) As for the corpus lutein, the group treated without Estrogen was 6.0 was most numerons and the other groups treated with Estrogen showed few. 3) As for the ovulation point, the group treated with Estrogen on the 1st P.M.S. injecting time was 33.3 was most numerous. 4) As for the blood follicle, like ovulation point, the group treated with Estrogen was 38.1 was most numerous and the Control group was 12.2 was most few. 5) As for the number of recovered ova, like ovulation point, the group treated with Estrogen on the 1st P.M.S. injecting time was 27.0 was most numerous and the group treated with Estrogen at 48 hrs. after P.M.S. injection was 21.6 was most few. 6) As for the rate of recovered ova, the highest group was treating with Estrogen on the last P.M.S. injecting time was 82.5% and the lowest group was treating with Estrogen at 48 hrs. after P.M.S. injection was 64.4%. 7) Ideal method of treatment to recover a large number of ova was treating with Estrogen 2,000 I.U. on the 1st P.M.S. injecting time. But there, blood follicle were formed so numerous that could not used again. 4. Investigating the influence of Estrogen and Progesterone on the speed of ovum division and descending speed of ovum, I injected the rabbits with P.M.S. (subcutaneous injection) 50 I.U. for five days and than, at 48 hrs. after P.M.S. injection, injected with H.C.G. (intravenous injection) and mated. Treatment of Estrogen did at 24 hrs. before P.M.S. injection, on the 1st P.M.S. injecting time, at 48 hrs. after P.M.S. injection and 125 hrs. after P.M.S. injection, Treatment of Progesterone did on the 1st P.M.S. injecting time, at 48hrs. after P.M.S. injection and at 96 hrs. after P.M.S. injection. And then, at 48 hrs. after H.C.G. injection the rabbits were dissected and the results as follows were obtained. 1) When Estrogen treatment did at 24 hrs. before P.M.S. injection or on the 1st P.M.S. injecting time, the speed of cell division (from 4-cell stage to morula and 16-, 32-cell stage were more numerous than the others) slower than control group. when Estrogen treatment did on the 3rd P.M.S. injecting time or on the last P.M.S. injecting time, 16-cell stage was most numerous(from 8-cell stage to 32-cell stage). 2) Earlier the Progesterone treatment did, the speed of cell division was slower than the control group. 3) The descending speed of ovum were faster than control group by treating with Estrogen before P.M.S. injection. when the treatment of Estrogen did on the was with P.M.S., later than Estrogen treament did, slower the descending speed of ovum was, but when treated atfer P.M.S. injection. the descending speed of ovum tended to faster. 4) Earlier the treatment of Progesterone did on the way with P.M.S., the descending speed of ovum was slower than control group. But did after P.M.S. injection, the descending speed of ovum tended to faster.

고정상세포분리기의 개발 및 Cyclosporin A 생산을 위한 고정화 연속배양공정에의 적용

이태호,박성관,장용근,전계택 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.6

균사형성 미생물인 고정상곰팡이의 연속배양공정에 필수적인 효율적인 고정상세포분리기를 개발하고 이를 실제로 면역억제제인 cyclosporin A(CyA) 연속생산공정에 적용하였다. 점성이 큰 고분자인 carboxymethyl cellulose 용액을 이용한 실험에서 개발된 고정상 세포분리기는 분리능이 우수하여 고점도·고유속의 경우에도 고정성담체가 거의 유실되지 않았다. 이는 고정상세포분리기내에 설치된 공기유출관과 분리관의 역할에 기인하는 것으로 보인다. 또한 실제 곰팡이 세포를 이용한 고정상 연속배양(IPRS)의 경우 고정상세포분리기를 설치함으로써 담체밀도의 감소와 배양액내의 고농도(10g/l) 현탁 곰팡이 세포의 존재에도 불구하고 안정한 조업가능성을 보였다. 고정상 연속배양의 높은 희석속도에도 불구하고 균체 및 CyA의 생산성이 높게 나타났으며, 담체가 반응기 밖으로 거의 유출되지 않은 점으로 보아 고정상세포분리기의 우수한 성능 및 조업안정성을 확인할 수 있었다. We have developed an efficient immobilized cell separator for continuous operation of immobilized fungal cell cultures, and applied this separator to actual fermentation process for the production of cyclosporin A (CyA), a powerful immunosuppressant. In the experiments employing highly viscous polymer (carboxymethyl cellulose) solution, the decantor showed good separating performances at high solution viscosites and fast dilution rates. Air duct and cylindrical separator installed inside the decantor turned out to play key roles for the efficient separation of the immobilized cells. By installing the decantor in an immobilized perfusion reactor system (IPRS), continuous immobilized culture was stably carried out even at high dilution rate for a long period, leading to high productivities of free cells and CyA. Almost no immobilized biomass existed in effuluent stream of the IPRS, demonstrating the effectiveness of the decantor system for a long-term continuous fermentation. It was noteworthy that we could obtain these results despite of the unfavorable fermentation conditions, i.e., reduced density of the biosupports caused by overgrowth of cells inside the bead particles and existence of high density of suspended fungal ells (10 g/l) in the fermentation broth.

관목지 목초본류의 사료가치에 관한 평가

김용국,전창기 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1981 農業技術硏究報告 Vol.8 No.2

In order to develop feed source from shrubby area of mountain for dairy cow, some shrub and grass were harvestied by stage of maturity and analyzed the chemical composition of herbage, and fed to milking cow to know the effect on the body weight and milk production. And the results were summarized as follow. 1. The dry matter content of green herbage was ranged average 25∼50% and Smilax china and Cocculus thunbergii were the lowerest as 26.25% and 26.36% respectively and Quercus serrata was the highest as 47.19% of the species. 2. The average protein content of herbage was widely ranged from about 5% to 20%. And Pueraria thunbergiana and Albizzia julibrissin were higher as nearly 20% and Miscanthus sinesis and Arundinella hirta were lower as nearly 5∼7%. 3. The average crude fiber content of most species was ranged 20∼30%. And Corylus heterophylla and Smilax china were lower as about 20% and Miscanthus sinensis and Arundinella hirta were higher as nearly 37%. 4. The crude protein content of most species was decreased and the fiber content was increased by abvanced the stage of maturity. And also moisture content of green herbage was decreased by seasonal changed. 5. When air dry herbage of 5 kg per head/day was substituted for rice straw, the weight of cows and milk yield and solid not fat content were slightly increased.

Liver-Fluke의 寄生이 山羊의 繁殖障害와 乳肉生産에 미치는 影響에 관한 硏究

金敎準,田暢淇,金容國,金相根 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1979 農業技術硏究報告 Vol.6 No.1

These studies were carried out to investigate the effects of liver-fluke infection on the reproductive disorder and milk and meat production in Korea Native Goat. A survey of infected goat in Chungnam district was conducted with 474 head by interdermal reaction and also a clinical observation was founded. A experiment was carried out to determine the effects of liver fluke extract on the reproductive disorder by subcutaneous injection and milk and meat yield were measured from treated goats. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. The rate of positive goat was 71.3% among the surveyed goat and the highest rate was appeared at 3∼4 years old goats as 81.4%. 2. The treated goats lost condition and failed to thrive, and became progressive weaker. 3. In hemogram observation, the rate of eosinophil leucocyte was increased significantly by extract treated. 4. It was appeared the pathogenic signs such symptoms poisoning liver function disturbance and reproductive disorder from treated goats with liver fluke extract. 5. In milking goat the milk yield droped significantly and fattening goat did not fatten. 6. The gross income value per capita was lower from infected goat and it was analysed more sensitivly in net income value.

관목지 목초본류의 사료가치에 관한 평가

김용국,전창기,Kim, Yong Kook,Jeon, Chang Gie 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1981 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.8 No.2

젖소등 초식 가축의 사료 자원개발을 위하여 국내 산지에 다량으로 자생되고 있는 관목류 및 초류중 비교적 가축 사료로써 활용 가치가 있어 보이는 수종의 관목초류를 택하여 시기별로 사료성분을 분석하고 젖소에 대한 일부 급여 시험을 실시하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 관목초류의 건물 함량은 평균 25~45%의 범위를 나타내고 있으며 이중 청미례와 댕댕이덩쿨이 각각 26.25%와 26.36%로 가장 낮았고 졸참나무가 47.19%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 2. 조단백질 함량은 건물량 기준으로 대부분 10% 이상으로 나타났고 이중 칙과 자귀나무가 평균 20% 정도로 가장 높게 나타났으며 억새와 새는 평균 10% 미만으로 낮게 나타났다. 3. 조섬유 함량은 평균 20~30% 뱅위로 타나났으며 개암나무와 청미례가 20% 정도로 가장 낮았고 억새와 새는 37% 이상으로 높게 나타났다. 4. 대부분 관옥 사초류는 시기가 경과함에 따라 조단백질 함량이 줄어 들고, 조섬유 함량이 증가되는 경향을 보였으며, 또한 건물량이 증가되였다. 5. 관목초본류를 볏짚 대용으로 1일 두당 5kg을 급여한 결과 체중과 유량 및 무지고형분 함량이 약간 증가되는 경향을 보였다. In order to develop feed source from shrubby area of mountain for dairy cow, some shrub and grass were harvestied by stage of maturity and analyzed the chemical composition of herbage, and fed to milking cow to know the effect on the body weight and milk production. And the results were summarized as follow. 1. The dry matter content of green herbage was ranged average 25~50% and Smilax china and Cocculus thunbergii were the lowerest as 26.25% and 26.36% respectively and Quercus serrata was the highest as 47.19% of the species. 2. The average protein content of herbage was widely ranged from about 5% to 20%. And Pueraria thunbergiana and Albizzia julibrissin were higher as nearly 20% and Miscanthus sinesis and Arundinella hirta were lower as nearly 5~7%. 3. The average crude fiber content of most species was rarged 20~30%. And Corylus heterophylla and Smilax china were lower as about 20% and Miscanthus sinensis and Arundinella hirta were higher as nearly 37%. 4. The crude protein content of most species was decreased and the fiber content was increased by abvanced the stage of maturity. And also moisture content of green herbage was decreased by seasonal changed. 5. When air dry herbage of 5 kg per head/day was substituted for rice straw, the weight of cows and milk yield and solid not fat content were Slightly increased.

Physiological Characteristics of Immobilized Streptomyces Cells in Continuous Cultures at Different Dilution Rates

( Chang Joon Kim ),( Yong Keun Chang ),( Gie Taek Chun ),( Yeon Ho Jeong ),( Sang Jong Lee ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2002 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.12 No.4

Physiological characteristics such as specific productivity, morphology of Streptomyces cells immobilized on celite beads, and operational stability at different dilution rates were investigated in continuous immobilized-cell cultures for the production of kasugamycin. At a dilution rate (D) of 0.05 h-1, a relatively high specific productivity was attained and the loss of cell-loaded beads was negligible. At D=0.1 h-1, a higher specific productivity and cell concentration could be obtained, resulting in a significantly improved volumetric kasugamycin productivity. However, no stable operation could be maintained due to a significant loss of cell-loaded beads from the reactor that was caused by their fluffy morphology developed in the later stage. At D=0.2 h-1, the production of kasugamycin and cell growth were observed to be severely inhibited by the high concentration of residual maltose.

EFFECT OF CAF ON THE ACTIVATION OF HEAVY MEROMYOSIN ATPASE OF ACTIN

(Chang Gie Kang),(Seung Si Ham) 강원대학교 농업과학연구소 1989 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.3 No.-

Semi-continuous Production of Lincomycin by Using Immobilized Streptomyces Cells

Chang Joon Kim(김창준),Sang Jong Lee(이상종),Gie-Taek Chun(전계택),Yeon-Ho Jeong(정연호),Yong Keun Chang(장용근) 한국생물공학회 2004 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2004 No.10